Avramy Iosifovich Shmai-Kreitsberg [1] (1894-1936) - Soviet military commander, commander of armored train number 6, brigade commander (1935).
| Avramy Iosifovich Schmai-Kreuzberg | ||
|---|---|---|
 | ||
| Date of Birth | 1894 | |
| Date of death | 1936 | |
| Place of death | Leningrad , USSR | |
| Affiliation |  Russian empire RSFSR the USSR | |
| Type of army | Armored forces | |
| Years of service |  1918 - 1936 | |
| Rank |  | |
| Commanded | armored train number 6 | |
| Battles / wars | World War I Civil war in Russia | |
| Awards and prizes |
| |
Content
Biography
Member of the First World War .
During the Civil War in the summer of 1918, A. I. Shmai was appointed commander of the armored train number 6, built in Petrograd , at the Putilov factory . In July 1918, an armored train sent to Yaroslavl to suppress the rebellion raised by the White Guards from the Union for the Defense of the Homeland and Freedom . The armored train arrived July 16, 1918 and provided great assistance to the Red Army. The rebellion was suppressed.
After that, the armored train was converted at the Sormovsky plant . By decision of the team in September 1918, the armored train was given the name "Name of Comrade. Lenin . " Four months later, at the end of October 1918, the armored train was ready. In mid-November, an armored train team participated in the suppression of the uprising in the Gzhatsky district of Smolensk province . In the fall of 1918, the armored train moved to the Southern Front , at the disposal of the 12th Division of the 8th Army , to fight the troops of Generals Denikin and Krasnov .
March 12, 1919 the armored train arrived for repair in Lugansk , but the guns could not be repaired here, I had to leave for Petrograd. In May, the offensive of the Northern Corps began ; the hastily repaired armored train had to defend Petrograd. For two months, an armored train under the command of A. I. Shmai fought near Pskov . His artillery supported the Red Army, leading battles with the Northwest Army . When required, the soldiers of the armored train participated in the battles as infantry. As a result of the counterattack, the White Guards were driven back from Petrograd. When the front line stabilized, the armored train continued to repair.
In the fall of 1919, the North-West Army of General Yudenich, with the support of the Estonian armed forces and the British Navy , again attempted to seize Petrograd . The armored train A.I. Shmaya again hit the front line straight from the repair shop. After several days of continuous fighting in the Yamburg region, the armored train moved to Gatchina . On October 22-23 there were fierce battles for the Pulkovo heights , the armored train named after Lenin acted at the forefront. The Belogvardeytsev managed to be rejected, and the Red Army launched a counterattack, during which the armored train A. I. Shmaya participated in the battles for Tosno , for the Nikolaev railway and for the Aleksandrovskaya station.
In November 1920, the armored train was transferred to the South-East , and then to the Southern Front, where it remained in active units until the end of the civil war.
After the end of the Civil War, in 1921 A.I. Shmai was appointed head of the 4th Army’s armored forces .
December 22, 1929 A.I. Shmai was appointed head of the armored command courses of the Red Army, in October 1930 the courses were reorganized into armored courses for the improvement and retraining of command personnel of the Red Army named after comrade. Bubnova . A.I. Shmai led the courses until his death.
Avramy Iosifovich died in 1936 in Leningrad . He was buried on the Communist site (now Cossack cemetery ) of the Alexander Nevsky Lavra .
Ranks
- brigade commander (11/26/35)
Rewards
- Order of the Red Banner - 1921 ( RVSR Order No. 66)
Notes
- ↑ In the sources and even on the tombstone, it is indicated as Shmai Avramy Iosifovich