Methylsilane

Methylsilane
Methylsilane
Are common
Systematic ; name	Methylsilane
Chem. formula	CH 3 -SiH 3
Rat formula	CH 6 Si
Physical properties
Molar mass	46.14 g / mol
Density	gas 1.93 g / l ; 0.6277 -57 g / cm³
Thermal properties
T. melt.	-156.8; ; -157 ° C
T. bale.	-57.5; ; -56.9 ° C
Classification
Reg. CAS number	992-94-9
PubChem
Reg. EINECS number	213-598-5
Smiles
Inchi
ChemSpider

Methylsilane is an organic compound, an alkyl derivative of monosilane , a flammable, colorless gas with an unpleasant odor, insoluble in water, soluble in alcohol and ether .

Getting

The reaction of monochlorosilane with dimethylzinc :

{\mathsf {2SiH_{3}Cl+Zn(CH_{3})_{2}\ {\xrightarrow {}}\ 2CH_{3}{\text{-}}SiH_{3}+ZnCl_{2}}}

{\ displaystyle {\ mathsf {2SiH_ {3} Cl + Zn (CH_ {3}) _ {2} \ {\ xrightarrow {}} \ 2CH_ {3} {\ text {-}} SiH_ {3} + ZnCl_ { 2}}}}

{\mathsf {2SiH_{3}Cl+Zn(CH_{3})_{2}\ {\xrightarrow {}}\ 2CH_{3}{\text{-}}SiH_{3}+ZnCl_{2}}}

Reduction of methyltrichlorosilane with lithium aluminum hydride :

{\mathsf {4CH_{3}{\text{-}}SiCl_{3}+3Li[AlH_{4}]\ {\xrightarrow {}}\ 4CH_{3}{\text{-}}SiH_{3}+3LiCl+3AlCl_{3}}}

{\ displaystyle {\ mathsf {4CH_ {3} {\ text {-}} SiCl_ {3} + 3Li [AlH_ {4}] \ {\ xrightarrow {}} \ 4CH_ {3} {\ text {-}} SiH_ {3} + 3LiCl + 3AlCl_ {3}}}}

{\mathsf {4CH_{3}{\text{-}}SiCl_{3}+3Li[AlH_{4}]\ {\xrightarrow {}}\ 4CH_{3}{\text{-}}SiH_{3}+3LiCl+3AlCl_{3}}}

The disproportionation reaction of methyldiethoxysilane :

{\mathsf {3CH_{3}{\text{-}}SiH(OCH_{2}CH_{3})_{2}\ {\xrightarrow {}}\ CH_{3}{\text{-}}SiH_{3}+2CH_{3}{\text{-}}Si(OCH_{2}CH_{3})_{3}}}

{\ displaystyle {\ mathsf {3CH_ {3} {\ text {-}} SiH (OCH_ {2} CH_ {3}) _ {2} \ {\ xrightarrow {}} \ CH_ {3} {\ text {- }} SiH_ {3} + 2CH_ {3} {\ text {-}} Si (OCH_ {2} CH_ {3}) _ {3}}}}

{\mathsf {3CH_{3}{\text{-}}SiH(OCH_{2}CH_{3})_{2}\ {\xrightarrow {}}\ CH_{3}{\text{-}}SiH_{3}+2CH_{3}{\text{-}}Si(OCH_{2}CH_{3})_{3}}}

Physical Properties

Methylsilane is a colorless gas with an unpleasant odor, ignites in air, insoluble in water, soluble in alcohol and ether .

Chemical Properties

The thermal decomposition of methylsilane is used to obtain silicon carbide films:

{\mathsf {CH_{3}{\text{-}}SiH_{3}\ {\xrightarrow {T}}\ CSi+3H_{2}}}

{\ displaystyle {\ mathsf {CH_ {3} {\ text {-}} SiH_ {3} \ {\ xrightarrow {T}} \ CSi + 3H_ {2}}}}

{\mathsf {CH_{3}{\text{-}}SiH_{3}\ {\xrightarrow {T}}\ CSi+3H_{2}}}

Reacts with halogens:

{\mathsf {CH_{3}{\text{-}}SiH_{3}+Cl_{2}\ {\xrightarrow {}}\ CH_{3}{\text{-}}SiH_{2}Cl+HCl}}

{\ displaystyle {\ mathsf {CH_ {3} {\ text {-}} SiH_ {3} + Cl_ {2} \ {\ xrightarrow {}} \ CH_ {3} {\ text {-}} SiH_ {2} Cl + HCl}}}

{\mathsf {CH_{3}{\text{-}}SiH_{3}+Cl_{2}\ {\xrightarrow {}}\ CH_{3}{\text{-}}SiH_{2}Cl+HCl}}

Application

It is used as a feedstock for the gas-phase deposition of silicon carbide in the manufacture of composite materials, as well as in the process of producing photoresists and other semiconductor materials.

Literature

Chemical Encyclopedia / Editorial Board: Knunyants I.L. et al. - M .: Soviet Encyclopedia, 1990. - T. 2. - 671 p. - ISBN 5-82270-035-5 .