Sharia, Peter Afanasevich

Born into a peasant family. From the age of 9 (1911) and until 1918 he worked in the village. In the years 1919-1920. studied at the Sukhumi teacher’s seminary, but did not graduate from it. In January 1920, he joined the RCP (b) . Since September 1920 - teacher of a rural school in the Sukhumi district.

From March to July 1921 - 2nd Secretary, member of the Presidium of the Gali District Committee of the Komsomol of Georgia; then in charge of a rural school. Since April 1922 - Head of the Political Bureau of the Gali district Cheka .

From September 1922 to September 1923 he studied at the University of Tiflis . After graduating from university until June 1924, he was a senior commissioner of the Transcaucasian Transport Cheka.

From June 1924 to December 1925 he studied at the N.K. Krupskaya Academy of Communist Education .

Since December 1925 taught Marxism-Leninism in Moscow universities:

• Lecturer in the evening working faculty (December 1925 - September 1927);
• Associate Professor of the Communist University of the East Workers named after I.V. Stalin (September 1927 - May 1928); at the same time - the party organizer of the CPSU (b) Institute of Philosophy of the Communist Academy (1927-1928);
• Associate Professor of the Institute of National Economy named after G. E. Plekhanov (September 1928 - June 1929);
• Head of the Department of Dialectical Materialism of the D. I. Mendeleev Moscow Institute of Chemical Technology (February - December 1929); at the same time, scientific secretary of the Communist Academy of History and Philosophy (June - December 1929) and associate professor of the Communist University named after Ya. M. Sverdlov (September - December 1929).

In January 1930 he returned to Georgia :

• Deputy Chairman of the Society of Militant Materialists of Dialectics (January 1930 - May 1931);
• Professor, Head of the Department of History, Philosophy of the Tiflis Pedagogical Institute (September 1930 - March 1934);
• Head of the Department of the History of Philosophy and Dialectical Materialism of Tiflis State University (September 1930 - March 1934);
• at the same time head of the Science Sector of the People's Commissariat of Education of the Georgian SSR (September 1930 - August 1931);
• Deputy Director of the Tiflis branch of the Marx — Engels — Lenin Institute under the Central Committee of the All-Union Communist Party of Bolsheviks (March 1931 - March 1934).

Since March 1934 he switched to party work:

• Head of the Party Propaganda, Agitation and Press Department of the Tiflis / Tbilisi City Committee of the Communist Party (b) of Georgia (March 1934 - May 1937); at the same time head of the Cultural and Propaganda Department of the Tiflis City Committee of the Communist Party (b) of Georgia (March 1934 - March 1935);
• Head of the Department of Schools and Science of the Central Committee of the Communist Party (b) of Georgia (May 31 - November 11, 1937);
• Head of the Department of Party Propaganda, Agitation and Press of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of Bolsheviks of Georgia (November 11, 1937 - September 1938; since July 1938 - Department of Party Propaganda and Agitation); at the same time the editor-in-chief of the Bolshevik magazine (Tbilisi) (November 1937 - September 1938), director of the Tbilisi branch of the Marx — Engels — Lenin Institute under the Central Committee of the All-Union Communist Party of Bolsheviks (December 1937-1938).

He was a person close to L.P. Beria , his referent and political consultant, and foreign policy adviser. He prepared a series of works in which he exalted his patron . In September 1938, he transferred to the central apparatus of the NKVD of the USSR :

• worked in the Central Archive of the NKVD of the USSR (September - November 1938);
• Head of the Secretariat of the NKVD of the USSR (November 8, 1938 - August 2, 1939); December 28, 1938 awarded the title of " Senior Major of State Security "; at the same time (from April 30) - head of the 13th department and deputy head of the V ("foreign") department of the NKVD of the USSR;
• Head of the Special Bureau at the NKVD of the USSR (August 2, 1939 - March 14, 1941);
• Deputy Head of the First Directorate (“intelligence”) of the NKVD of the USSR (August 11, 1941 - August 16, 1943; from May 14, 1943 - NKGB of the USSR); On February 14, 1943, the rank of Commissioner of State Security of the 3rd rank was awarded.

From August 1943 to June 9, 1948 - Secretary of the Central Committee of the Communist Party (b) of Georgia for Propaganda and Agitation ^[2] , member of the Bureau of the Central Committee of the Communist Party (b) of Georgia.

In the post-war period, he traveled to Paris to negotiate with the Georgian Mensheviks as a confidant of Beria and Stalin, and prepared proposals for the return of Georgian emigrants ^[3] .

From May 1948 to February 1952, he was a professor at the Department of Philosophy at Tbilisi State University named after I.V. Stalin .

On February 15, 1952, he was arrested as one of the main defendants in the case of the so-called “Mingrelian Nationalist Group” directed against Beria. After the death of I.V. Stalin, Beria immediately dismissed the case, and in March 1953 Sharia was released, on April 10, 1953 he was rehabilitated and appointed assistant to the first deputy chairman of the Council of Ministers of the USSR (L.P. Beria).

June 27, 1953 followed by arrest; September 28, 1954 by the Military Collegium of the Supreme Court of the USSR under Art. 17 and 58-1 "a" of the Criminal Code of the RSFSR were sentenced to 10 years in prison and 5 years of defeat in electoral rights. He served his sentence in Vladimir prison . He was released in 1963, lived in Tbilisi, worked in the Academy of Sciences of the Georgian SSR ^[4] .

By the conclusion of the Chief Military Prosecutor's Office dated August 14, 2012, Sharia P. A. was rehabilitated.

Selected Works

• Sharia P. A. The Greatest Program Document of Communism [On the 100th Anniversary of the “ Manifesto of the Communist Party ”]. - Tbilisi: Dawn of the East, 1948 .-- 36 p. - 5,000 copies.
• Sharia P. A. Hegelian philosophy in the evaluation of the classics of Marxism-Leninism. - Tbilisi: type. them. Myasnikova, 1944 .-- 43 p. - 3000 copies.
• Sharia P. A. A brief outline of Spinoza's philosophy: Transcript of the report. - Tiflis: Zakgiz, 1933 .-- 74 p.
• Sharia P. A. On some issues of communist morality. - M. , 1951. - 280 p. - 30,000 copies.
• Sharia P. A. Under the banner of Lenin. - Tbilisi: State Publishing House, 1934.
• Sharia P. A. Ways of development of Georgian Soviet literature: Transcript of the report / Per. with cargo. - Tbilisi, 1946 .-- 80 s. - 5,000 copies.

• Order of the Red Banner (04/26/1940, No. 4438) - for the successful fulfillment of Government tasks for the protection of state security
• badge “Honored Worker of the NKVD” (04.02.42)
• Order of the Red Star (09/20/1943, No. 363365)
• Order of Lenin (7.1.1944, No. 14507)
• Order of the Patriotic War of the 1st degree (24.2.1946, No. 293206)
• two medals.

• Sharia P.A. // Petrov N.V., Skorkin K.V. Who led the NKVD, 1934-1941: reference book / Ed. N. G. Okhotin and A. B. Roginsky. - M .: Links, 1999 .-- 502 p. - 3000 copies. - ISBN 5-7870-0032-3 .
• Pimenov R.I., The Kremlin exposition in Vladimir Prison // Memoirs: in 2 volumes - M .: Panorama, 1996. - T. 2. - P. 232—237. - 413 p. - (Documents on the history of the movement of dissidents; issue 6–7).

• Sharia Peter Afanasevich (neopr.) (Unavailable link) . A Handbook on the History of the Communist Party and the Soviet Union 1898-1991. Date of treatment May 31, 2012. Archived April 17, 2014.
• Sharia Peter Afanasevich (neopr.) (Unavailable link) . Brief biographies and track records of senior officers of the NKVD . Memorial (February 28, 2009). Date of treatment May 31, 2012. Archived October 31, 2011.