Basmanova, Marianna Pavlovna

She was born on July 20, 1938 in Leningrad in the family of the artist Pavel Basmanov . Her maternal grandfather was a Soviet therapist, academician of the USSR Academy of Medical Sciences Georgy Fedorovich Lang . Mother, Natalia Georgievna Basmanova, was half Dutch, half German. ^[1] .

In 1941-1942, during the most difficult period of the blockade , she was in Leningrad. In September 1942, together with her mother and grandmother, she was evacuated to the Altai Territory . Returned to Leningrad in February 1945 ^[2]

After the war, the Basmanov family lived in Leningrad, at 15 Glinka Street , in the former apartment of the artists A. N. Benois and, later, N. A. Tyrsa , a friend of P. I. Basmanov from the pre-war era: "Tyrsa lived in a spacious apartment , once owned by the parents of Alexandre Benois and described by the latter in his memoirs, gathered in a huge bright room, the former living room of Benoit, with a low stage that was separated by an arch. The windows overlooked an 18th-century mansion, where, according to legend, there were meetings in Pushkin’s time Green Lamp Society ^[3] .

In the 1950s For two years she was a free listener at the Secondary School of Art (SCH).

From 1956 to 1960 she studied drawing, composition and studied the principles of new art with the artist Vladimir Vasilievich Sterligov ^[4] . The first exhibition of M.P. Basmanova was held in 1959 at the apartment of artists V.V. Sterligov and T.N. Glebova . “The exhibition of Marina Basmanova took place at Sterligov (Bolshoy pr., 98) in 1959. About forty works, well designed and edged, watercolors (mainly landscapes). Ordinary guests of the exhibitions of V. V. Sterligov and friends of Pavel Ivanovich Basmanov came to her ” ^[5] .

Since 1960, she began working in book graphics. Illustrated books for children of preschool and primary school age. She illustrated several books with her mother, N. G. Basmanova ^[6] . In the late 1960s - 1970s constantly worked with children's magazines " Murzilka " and " Bonfire ". ^[7]

In 1962-1963 she made a series of portrait sketches of Anna Akhmatova ^[8] .

She prepared and held a number of exhibitions of her father: Pavel Basmanov. Timing, 1996; Pavel Basmanov: Watercolor, drawing. St. Petersburg, Central Exhibition Hall "Manege", 2000; Drawings and watercolors by Pavel Basmanov. M., State Tretyakov Gallery, 2002-2003; Leningrad artist P.I. Basmanov. Nizhny Tagil Museum of Fine Arts, 2009 ^[9] .

From 1994 to 2005, she worked as a research fellow at the Tsarskoye Selo Collection Collection State Museum ^[10] . She was engaged in the exposition of the museum, prepared about forty temporary exhibitions. In December 2014, she organized and held the first solo exhibition of Natalia Basmanova in St. Petersburg. ^[11] . In 2016 and 2017 prepared and held in the halls of the Book Graphics Library an exhibition of the graphics of Corinna Pretro and Yuri Syrnev .

Marianna Basmanova in the late 1950s. became the first student of the artist and teacher VV Sterligov , who based his work on the pedagogical system created by K. S. Malevich and practiced at the GINHUK . According to this system, artists consistently studied the latest systems in art ( impressionism , post-impressionism , Cezannism , cubism ), suprematism. In the early 1960s VV Sterligov made a conclusion from Malevich’s Suprematism, and, taking a geometric shape as a module of the structure of the world, picturesque and cosmogonic, he already opened his idea of ​​the “cup-dome structure of the Universe”. The first person he dedicated to this idea was Marianna Basmanova. ^[12] Attracted by Sterligov to work on a new plastic space - spherical, curved, Basmanova creates her works: painting, watercolors, book graphics, and above all her first books: “The Fly and the Cockatoo” (1960) and “Funny Songs” ( 1961). The same principle is visible in all subsequent works of the artist: both in the composition of her works, and in the “luminosity of color” inherent in her teacher. ^[13] Sterligov rated Basmanova’s creativity highly, seeing in him:

“An image of a rich spiritual life in which the movement itself is not, but its possibility, an image full of hidden dynamics, spiritual strength or lyrical daydreaming. This image is especially characteristic of Russian fine art. ”

- V.V. Sterligov ^[14] .

M.P. Basmanova worked all her life in a children's book. All three artists of this outstanding family differed in their creative style, although many books by M.P. and N.G. Basmanov were made together.

“The world of Basmanova’s ideas is closed by images of nature. Nature dominates the illustrations of the artist. And children's figures, sometimes appearing in drawings, dissolve in natural forms, become, as it were, one of its elements, organically merging with trees, birds, flowers into a single image ...

The belief in the perfection of nature that touches the viewer permeates all the work of Basmanova, and is the basis for the poetic perception of her drawings. In order to express her understanding of nature, Basmanova chose the tonal principle of color scheme; paints spread over a sheet of paper, imperceptibly turning from one color to another, forming the finest gamut. Watercolor, in the technique of which the artist usually makes illustrations, according to her capabilities perfectly matches this principle. To create her images, she uses not only paint, but also other means of fine art: the arrangement of color spots on a sheet and the spread of the book, the rhythm of these spots, a line. “Masterfully mastering all these means and coordinating them among herself, she convincingly conveys her soulful sense of nature.”

- G.I. Chugunov ^[15]

In 1962 she met the poet Joseph Brodsky . Since that time, Marianne Basmanova, hidden under the initials “M. B. ”, many works of the poet were devoted. "Poems dedicated to" M. B. “, occupy a central place in Brodsky’s lyrics not because they are the best - there are masterpieces among them and there are passing poems - but because these verses and the spiritual experience embedded in them were the crucible in which his poetic personality was melted” ^[16] . The first verses with this dedication - “I hugged these shoulders and looked ...”, “Neither melancholy, nor love, nor sorrow ...”, “The riddle of an angel” date back to 1962. Joseph Brodsky's collection of poems, “New Stanzas for Augustus” (USA, Michigan: Ardis, 1983), was compiled from his 1962-1982 poems dedicated to M. B. " The last poem with dedication "M. B. ”dated 1989.

On October 8, 1967, Marianna Basmanova and Joseph Brodsky had a son, Andrei Osipovich Basmanov.

Poems from the series "New Stanzas for Augustus" became the basis of the documentary television film "Captured by Angels. A letter in a bottle ”, channel“ Culture ” 2007, dir. E. Potievsky ^[17] . Poems are read (voiceover) by the poet’s son, Andrei Basmanov. In 1964-1965 and in 1972-1995. M.P. Basmanova and I.A. Brodsky were in correspondence, the entire body of which is currently stored in the Department of Manuscripts of the Russian National Library, in the archives of the Basmanov family in St. Petersburg, in the Beinecke library at Yale University, USA. ^[18] M. P. Basmanova is a creative consultant for some projects related to Brodsky’s work, the feature film “ One and a half rooms, or Sentimental Journey to Homeland ”, 2009, dir. Andrey Khrzhanovsky.

• Firefly // Asterisk: Almanac for preschoolers. No. 5. L .: Detgiz, 1958.
• Carnival masks: Album. L., 1959 (Together with T.N. Glebova: 8 masks of T.N. Glebova, 4 masks of M.P. Basmanova).
• B. Mozhzhevelov. A fly-clatter: A musical and dance performance based on a fairy tale by K. Chukovsky for children of preschool and primary school age. L .: State. muses Publishing House, 1960. (Obl., tit. l.).
• Funny songs. For preschool children. L .: State. muses Publishing House, 1961. (Region).
• <Il.> // Asterisk: Almanac for preschoolers. L .: Detgiz ", 1962.
• Musical fairy tales for young children. L .: State. muses Publishing House, 1963.
• O. Criler. May // Asterisk: Almanac for preschoolers. Vol. 1. L .: Detgiz, 1963.S. 8.
• P. Dudochkin. Why is it good in the world // Asterisk: Almanac for preschoolers. Vol. 1. L .: Detgiz. 1963.S. 30-31.
• Chukchi Tales / Recordings and editing by A. Loznevy. L .: Det. lit., 1964.
• Happy New Year! Postcard. (Hedgehog with an apple and a box). L .: Sov. artist, 1967.
• M. Borisova. Eight spring songs. L .: Det. lit., 1970.
• Poems of our readers. / The Koster magazine, 1972, No. 4. P. 51. ^[19]
• A. Chepurov . Golden fire. L .: Det. lit., 1972. Rice N. and M. Basmanovs
• A. Chepurov. White track. L .: Det. lit., 1973. Fig. N. and M. Basmanovs.
• A. Chepurov. The sun is on the track. L .: Det. lit., 1974. Fig. N. and M. Basmanovs.
• A. Bosev. Sings finch: Poems. M .: Det. lit., 1975.
• Andersen G.-H. Thumbelina / Fig. N. Basmanova. - L .: Artist of the RSFSR, 1975. ^[20]
• Yuri Koval . Pink Snow: The Story. M. Magazine "Murzilka", 1976. No. 3, p. 4.
• A. Krestinsky. Catino Summer: The Story. L .: Det. lit., 1977.
• I. Satunovsky . Run, run, path !: Poems. M .: Det. lit., 1982. ^[21]
• S. Skachenkov. My city over the Neva: Poems. L .: Det. lit., 1982.
• N. Egorov. Garden traffic light. Poems. L. Detlit. 1984

• Grandfather - George Fyodorovich Lang (1875-1948), full member of the Academy of Medical Sciences of the USSR , therapist , outstanding clinician.
• Mother - Natalia Georgievna Lang (Basmanova (1906-2000) - artist, book graphic artist .
• Father - Pavel Ivanovich Basmanov (1906-1993) - artist, book graphic artist.
• Uncle - Mikhail Ivanovich Basmanov (1918-2006) - diplomat . From 1949 to 1969 he worked in the Plenipotentiary of the USSR in the PRC ; Secretary of the USSR Embassy in Beijing ; Vice-Consul of the Consulate General of the USSR in Tianjin ; Governor of the Soviet Consulate General in Shenyang (Mukden); Consul General in Xinjiang . Poet, author of numerous translations of Chinese poetry into Russian. See Basmanov M. Selected: Poems. M .: 2004.
• Son - Andrei Osipovich Basmanov (born October 8, 1967). Since 2017, a member of the graphics section of the St. Petersburg Union of Artists .
  • Grandchildren: Daria (born April 28, 1987), Praskovya (born October 27, 1989), Maria (born December 17, 1996), Pelagia (born 1997), Anna (born 2000), Paul (born 2002).

• Losev L. Joseph Brodsky: An Experience in Literary Biography . - M .: Young Guard , 2006 .-- 480 p. - ( ZHZL ). - ISBN 5-235-02951-8 .
• Vladimir Moshnikov. Learning love. In memory of P.I. Basmanov (1906-1993): From diary entries 1984-1998 // Materials of the 6th scientific conference dedicated to the work of K.P. Petrov-Vodkin. Saratov, 2008
• Traugot V. Tyrsa and Basmanov. Basmanovs. Brodsky. Basmanov-Brodsky. // Experiment / Experiment: Journal of Russian culture. No. 16: Sixteen Fridays: The second wave of the Leningrad vanguard. In 2 hours LA (USA), 2010. Part 2. S. 151-155, 166. See also ill. 183, 185, 186, 187, 188. (V.V. Sterligov, G. A. V. Traugot: portraits of M. P. Basmanova; book illustration of M. P. Basmanova.)
• S. Spitsyn . Marina Basmanova. In the same place. S.189.
• T. Glebova . <About Marina Basmanova>. In the same place. S. 471—473.

• Learning love (About P. I. Basmanov (1906-1993). From diary entries)