Tansy

The origin of the scientific name of the genus Tanacetum has two versions, at first glance similar, but partly even opposite.

According to the first version, the name of the genus comes from the Greek words "tanaos" - long, long and "aceomai" - to live, to exist. Combined into a whole word, this most likely means the well-known property of this plant to remain in a fresh, juicy state for a long time. In a certain sense, the name "Tanacetum" can be considered an almost complete synonym for the Latin name Sempervivum ("eternally alive" or rejuvenated ), referring to a completely different plant.

According to another version, the name of the genus Tanacetum is the word “Athanasia” (afanasy) modified by a long pronunciation - from the Greek “a” - not, and “thanáos” - death (can be compared with the name of the god of death Tanatos , the goddess of the underworld Tanais , the ancient name of the Greek the colony and the whole area near Taganrog , the former city of Tanais thirty kilometers from Rostov-on-Don , as well as the Tanais River - the present Don ). From the same word "Athanasia" a famous masculine name naturally came about. In general, the name according to the second version can be translated as “ immortelle ”, however, the tanacetum should not be confused with this plant of the Astrov family.

The common Slavic word “ pizhma ”, which designates both the entire genus as a whole and many of its individual representatives, can be considered to be derived from the Polish “ piżmo ” or Czech “ pižmo ”, which means musk (strong smell of organic origin) and, in turn, goes back to distorted pronunciation of the Latin word "bisámum". Most representatives of the Tansy genus really have a very strong and fairly similar in hue ether-resinous odor, and this smell comes from all the terrestrial parts of the plant ^[4] .

Another of the popular names of many species of the Tansy family is Romashnik , for its external resemblance to a well-known plant. Some species are completely impossible to distinguish from chamomile , and they are without such a distinction.

Tansy is a rather large, although not completely established plant genus . Often, it includes many species from the genus Pyrethrum (and sometimes even the whole genus as a whole), as well as some species from the genera Chrysanthemum , Yarrow and some others.

As a result, the genus Tansy consists of fifty or more species found in Europe , Asia , North Africa and North America . On the territory of Russia and neighboring countries, there are about 30-40 species growing in all areas, ranging from mountain and steppe to the tundra and swampy floodplains of northern rivers.

The genus Tansy includes more or less developed perennial grasses with a short, weakly branched creeping wintering rhizome . In southern species with a wintering aerial part, the stems are often woody in the lower part. However, about the same thing can be said about northern species, in which the stems by the end of the growing season at the base are noticeably woody. Among the southern and subtropical tansy species, few shrubs and shrubs are found .

The leaves are most often oval with a heavily dissected "feathery" like a rowan , a leaf blade, odorous, often even resinous, with sticky secretions, sometimes very pubescent.

Inflorescences are small or medium-sized baskets of tubular flowers (in some species, marginal flowers are false-lingual), collected in dense or loose corymbose inflorescences (rarely single baskets).

The most famous and widespread species of the genus, Tansy vulgaris ( Tanacetum vulgare ), with which the name of the entire genus Tansy is most often associated, is an almost everywhere ubiquitous weed and roadside plant with dozens of national and local names. Many species of the Tansy family are not just known, but they are of great economic importance as medicinal , food , spicy aromatic and ornamental plants for urban gardening and gardening , as well as as raw materials for insecticides , essential oils and medicines . Perhaps the second of the popular species can rightfully be called balsamic tansy ( Tanacetum balsamita ). For more than three thousand years, it has been cultivated as a food, medicinal, and spicy-aromatic plant, and only in the last century and a half has its value gradually decreased.

Tansy was also used to prevent insects from flying into the house. Tansy was hung over doors, windows and flies did not fly.

• Tanacetum abrotanifolium ( L. ) Druce - Wormwood leaf tansy - a Black Sea species native to Iran , Turkey and Armenia . Sometimes included in the genus Yarrow .
• Tanacetum achilleifolium ( M. Bieb. ) Sch. Bip . - Yarrow - yarrow - a widespread xerophytic species, found in the Caucasus , Ukraine , in the steppes of Western Siberia and Kazakhstan . Often included in the genus Pyrethrum or Chrysanthemum .
• Tanacetum akinfiewii Tzvel. - Tansy of Akinfiev . The species comes from Dagestan , sometimes also belongs to the genus Pyrethrum. A rare endemic plant included in the Red Book of Russia in the status of endangered.
• Tanacetum argenteum ( Lam. ) Willd. - Silver tansy - a popular garden ornamental and deciduous plant with cirrus standing leaves, in some varieties completely devoid of green color. Sometimes included in the genus Yarrow .
• Tanacetum atkinsonii ( CBClarke ) Kitam. - Atkinson's tansy is an Asian species originating from the temperate climatic zone of China . It has a very extensive range and even penetrates into the tropical zones of India and Nepal .
• Tanacetum balsamita L. - Balsamic tansy , or Canuper , sometimes placed in the genus Chrysanthemum. A well-known spicy- aromatic plant that has long been grown almost throughout Eurasia . It is widely cultivated as a food plant and often runs wild in areas with a moderately warm climate.
• Tanacetum bipinnatum ( L. ) Sch. Bip. - Tansy is a two-winged , cold-resistant species native to Kamchatka , Alaska and Canada , where it is found in swampy places, floodplains of rivers and lakes. An easily recognizable species with characteristic single large yellow baskets and short, rare and wide petals around them.
• Tanacetum camphoratum Less. - Camphor tansy , or Dune tansy native to the San Francisco Bay Area . Thickly pubescent small creeping plants with expressive yellow flowers resembling marigolds .
• Tanacetum cinerariifolium ( Trevir. ) Sch. Bip. - Tansy cinerarielis , or Dalmatia pyrethrum - Balkan decorative appearance, with white-feathery feathery leaves. It is one of the sources of industrial production of the pyrethrin insecticide .
• Tanacetum coccineum ( Willd. ) Grierson - Tansy bright red , or tansy colored - a species of Asian origin, previously included in the genus Pyrethrum . A popular garden decorative look, having a lot of bright varicolored varieties . Outwardly resembles a large daisy with flowers from white to pinkish-purple. It has finely dissected odorous leaves and forms a spectacular flowering carpet. Like tansy cinerarielis, is a source of pyrethrin insecticide.
• Tanacetum corymbosum ( L. ) Sch. Bip. - Tansy shield , or Caucasian chamomile - a widespread unpretentious appearance, at first glance, having great external similarity to an ordinary, somewhat disheveled chamomile.
• Tanacetum densum ( Labill. ) Sch. Bip. - Thick tansy is a highly decorative stunted species with loose yellow inflorescences and cirrus silvery leaves. Unpretentious garden plant, has many varieties and varieties .
• Tanacetum douglasii DC. - Douglas tansy - a species widespread in the sand dunes of the Pacific coast of the United States . It has slightly pubescent rhizomes, pinnate, odorous leaves, small, yellow flowers.
• Tanacetum ferulaceum ( Sch. Bip. ) Walp. - Fergus tansy - endemic of the Canary Islands , looks like a tall, thick and very effective chamomile with thin white petals . The leaves are dark green, cirrus, often sticky from tarry discharge.
• Tanacetum haradjanii ( Rchb.f. ) Grierson - Tansy Harajan - a highly decorative species native to Asia ( Syria ). It forms low, dense and dense bushes with grayish-silver cirrus leaves, blooms with yellow short-petalled daisies. A perennial species close to Tanacetum densum, a dwarf shrub with plump woody stems.
• Tanacetum huronense Nutt. - Tansy of Huron , named after the place of growth. Canadian view from the lakes of Ontario , Michigan and Huron , with heavily pubescent leaves and inflorescences of chamomile flowers. Sometimes considered as a subspecies of Tanacetum bipinnatum subsp. huronense , which has a highly branched range of closely related areas of Siberia, Kamchatka, Alaska and Canada.
• Tanacetum macrophyllum ( Waldst. & Kit. ) Sch. Bip. - Large - leaved tansy - a widespread species, comes from Southeastern Europe and Turkey . The shield-shaped dense whitish inflorescence very much resembles a yarrow in its appearance, but the leaves are wider and the whole plant is much larger. The species is popular as a garden plant in southern Europe. Often included in the genus Chrysanthemum .
• Tanacetum millefolium ( L. ) Tzvel. - Yarrow tansy , or Yarrow tansy ( not to be confused with yarrow , Achillea millefolia ) - a fairly rare type of tansy, listed in the Red Books of several regions of central Russia. In general, the plant looks like a yarrow, taller, with finely divided leaves and larger inflorescences. It is found in chalks and limestones of the Tambov and Voronezh regions.
• Tanacetum parthenium ( L. ) Sch. Bip. - Tansy maiden , or Pyrethrum maiden - originally from Europe . Classically famous decorative look. Widespread odorous perennial grass, bearing a characteristic appearance of whitish shields of inflorescences. Traditional medicinal plant.
• Tanacetum poteriifolium ( Nordm. ) Grierson - Sigmoid tansy - a species originating from Turkey and the Black Sea coast of the Caucasus , it is often included in the genera Piretrum and Chrysanthemum.
• Tanacetum ptarmiciflorum ( Webb ) Sch. Bip . - Sneezing flowering tansy is an odorous species originating from the Canary Islands . Got its name for an annoying smell. Perennial shrub with finely pubescent velvety stems and leaves, often completely devoid of green color. The flowers are whitish. A popular garden plant has a lot of varieties with different sizes and color of leaves. Previously, this species was also part of the genus Chrysanthemum .
• Tanacetum sibiricum Falk - Siberian tansy - a species native to Siberia and Transbaikalia , often stands out in the monotypic genus Filifolium Kitam. It is widespread in the regions of mountain-steppe Transbaikalia, as well as in northeastern Mongolia , where it forms characteristic tansy steppes.
• Tanacetum vulgare L. typus ^[2] - Common tansy - the most famous species of the genus. A ubiquitous weed, field, and roadside plant with distinctive yellow shields of inflorescences. It is considered a moderately poisonous plant , has medicinal use.

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