Chimitu [1] (before the revolution - Chimito [2] [3] , Swede. Kimitoön [4] ; also Kemiyo , Fin. Kemiönsaari ) - an island in the northwestern part of the Gulf of Finland . It is the second largest island in Finland after Åland and covers an area of 524 km². [5] Its length is about 30 km, its width is about 15 km. [6]
| Chimitu | |
|---|---|
| fin. Kemiönsaari , Swede. Kimitoön | |
 Bridge over Kimito-Stremsky Canal | |
| Specifications | |
| Square | 524 km² |
| Highest point | 63 m |
| Population | 7500 people |
| Population density | 14.31 people / km² |
| Location | |
| Water area | The Gulf of Finland |
| A country |
|
| Region | Aboriginal Finland |
Geography
Separated from the mainland by two skerries. The northern one is called Relax Fjord, [7] and the eastern one in its narrowest part is Cimito-Ström [2] or the Kimito-Ström Canal [7] ( Swedish. Strömma kanal , Fin. Strömman kanava ). Chimito-Ström was bombarded during the Northern War by order of Peter the Great , cleared and deepened by the Russian galley fleet in 1808, in 1845 supplemented by a parallel channel [2] dug through the island cape and reconstructed in 1967-1968. [four]
In the south, between Chimitu and the smaller skerry islands, there are two skerry passages: (from north to south) Small Jungfersund and Big Jungfersund [7] (Jungfruzund). [2]
Since 2009, the island has been divided between two communities: Kemiensaari and Salo , [5] - the latter being located mainly on the mainland. Previously, starting in 1860, there were three communities: Västanfjärd, Dragsfjärd and Kimito. [4] The majority of the population (70.9%) speaks Swedish. [four]
History
In the summer of 1808, during the last Russo-Swedish war , military events took place around Kimito: in early July, Russian galleys, under the command of Count Login Heyden, skirted the island with skerry passages, because Jungfersund was blocked by the Swedish fleet . At the same time, the sailors had to clear the aforementioned Kimito-Stremsky canal in a few days. Upon leaving it in the Relax Fiord, Russian ships were attacked by Swedish gunboats on July 9, which then retreated to Sandy Island ( Swedish Sandö , Fin. Santasaari ), which is located near the northwestern tip of Kimito.
On July 19, another battle took place near Sandø, after which the Swedish fleet, having lost 25 ships against 11 Russians, was forced to retreat again. [eight]
Gallery
Kimite Church
Dalsbruck in 1992
Dalsbruck Bird's Eye View
Ancient Scandinavian house
Notes
- ↑ Norway, Sweden, Finland // Atlas of the World / comp. and preparation. to the ed. PKO "Cartography" in 2009; ch. ed. G.V. Pozdnyak . - M .: PKO "Cartography": Onyx, 2010. - S. 50-51. - ISBN 978-5-85120-295-7 (Cartography). - ISBN 978-5-488-02609-4 (Onyx).
- ↑ 1 2 3 4 Abosco-Aland skerries // Military Encyclopedia : [in 18 vol.] / Ed. V.F. Novitsky [et al.]. - SPb. ; [ M. ]: Type. t-va I. D. Sytin , 1911-1915.
- ↑ P.A. Nive, Colonel. Finland wars.
- ↑ 1 2 3 4 Kimitoön. // Uppslags verket Finland. (inaccessible link) . Date of treatment January 30, 2012. Archived February 23, 2014.
- ↑ 1 2 Finland. The country of islands and reservoirs. (inaccessible link) . Date of treatment January 30, 2012. Archived March 3, 2014.
- ↑ Kimito // Brockhaus and Efron Encyclopedic Dictionary : in 86 volumes (82 volumes and 4 additional). - SPb. , 1890-1907.
- ↑ 1 2 3 Jungfersund // Brockhaus and Efron Encyclopedic Dictionary : in 86 volumes (82 volumes and 4 additional). - SPb. , 1890-1907.
- ↑ Alexander Chernyshev. Great battles of the Russian sailing fleet