Eteogrammatids [2] ( lat. Aetheogrammatidae ) - a family of extinct insects from the order of the retina . Fossil remains are found in Mesozoic deposits of northeast China [1] [3] .
| † Eteogrammatids |
| Scientific classification |
|---|
| No rank : | Bilateral symmetrical |
| Subtype : | Tracheo-breathing |
| Infraclass : | Winged insects |
| Treasure : | Fully Transformed Insects |
| Suborder : | Myrmeleontiformia |
| Superfamily : | Psychopsoidea |
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| International scientific name |
|---|
Aetheogrammatidae
Ren & Engel, 2008 [1] |
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Content
Aetheogrammatidae got its name from the genus Aetheogramma , which was compiled on the basis of two words of Greek origin: aethes ("unusual") and gramma ("picture"). The family was first identified in 2008 and was described by the Chinese paleontologist Dong Ren (Department of Biology, Capital Normal University, Beijing ) and the American entomologist Michael S. Engel ; Division of Entomology & Paleoentomology, Natural History Museum, and Department of Ecology & Evolutionary Biology, University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas , USA ) [1] .
Relatively large insects, wingspan up to 9 cm. Wings are oval, with rounded apices, without spots, but with wide stripes from the costal to the posterior margin. Transverse veins numerous over the entire surface of the wing. There is no pterostigm. In the fore wing, transverse veins between subcostal veins are absent ( Ectopogramma has it ). Vein branches RP and MP are strongly curved (slightly curved at Ectopogramma ). M is bifurcated relatively close to the base of the wing (very far from the base of the wing at Curtogramma ). In the hind wing, the posterior margin is straight (convex in Cyclicogramma ) [1] [3] .
Found in Mesozoic deposits in northeast China: Lower Cretaceous (Yixian Formation, Liaoning Province) and Upper Jurassic (Daohugou, Inner Mongolia , China ) [1] [3] .
Eteogrammatids are most similar in structure to another fossil insect family - calligramids [1] , also included in the superfamily Psychopsoidea ( Myrmeleontiformia ) [4] .
The family was originally described with the only species Aetheogramma speciosum [1] , but already in 2011 the second genus ( Ectopogramma ) was described, and in 2015 the second species in the genus Aetheogramma bistriatum , as well as several species and genera in the family [3] . According to the Paleobiology Database website, as of November 2018, the family includes 4 extinct genera [5] :
- Genus Aetheogramma Ren & Engel, 2008
- Aetheogramma bistriatum Yang et al. , 2015 [3]
- Aetheogramma speciosum Ren & Engel, 2008
- Genus Curtogramma Yang et al. 2015
- Curtogramma ovatum Yang et al. , 2015 [3]
- Genus Cyclicogramma Yang et al. 2015
- Cyclicogramma rotundum Yang et al. , 2015 [3]
- Subfamily Ectopogrammatinae Engel et al. , 2011
- Genus Ectopogramma Engel et al. , 2011
- Ectopogramma kalligrammoides Engel et al. , 2011
- ↑ 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Dong Ren & Michael S. Engel. Aetheogrammatidae, A New Family of Lacewings from the Mesozoic of China (Neuroptera: Myrmeleontiformia) (Eng.) // Journal of the Kansas Entomological Society: Journal. - Kansas Entomological Society, 2008. - Vol. 81 , no. 3 . - P. 161-167 .
- ↑ Makarkin V.N.A surprising variety of Cretaceous retina (Neuroptera) // Readings in memory of Alexei Ivanovich Kurentsov. - 2016 .-- T. 27 . - S. 27–47 .
- ↑ 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Qiang Yang, Vladimir N. Makarkin, Chungkun Shih, Dong Ren. (2015) New Aetheogrammatidae (Insecta: Neuroptera) from the Lower Cretaceous Yixian Formation, China. Cretaceous Research 55, 25-31.
- ↑ Engel, Michael S. , Shaun L. Winterton, and Laura CV Breitkreuz. Phylogeny and Evolution of Neuropterida: Where Have Wings of Lace Taken Us? (Eng.) // Annual Review of Entomology : Journal. - 2018 .-- Vol. 63 . - P. 3531-3551 . - DOI : 10.1146 / annurev-ento-020117-043127 .
- ↑ Aetheogrammatidae (English) information on the Paleobiology Database website. (Retrieved December 2, 2018) .
- Ren D., Guo ZG., Lu LW., Ji SA., Tan F., Jing YG., Fang XS., And Ji Q. A further contribution to the knowledge of the Upper Jurassic Yixian Formation in western Liaoning. (Chinese) // Geological Review. - 1997. - 第 43 卷 , 第 5 数 . - 第 449–459 页 .
- Grimaldi D. , and Engel MS Evolution of the Insects. - Cambridge, UK .: Cambridge University Press, 2005 .-- xv + 755 s.
- Ren D., Lu L., Guo Z., and Ji S. Faunae and Stratigraphy of Jurassic-Cretaceous in Beijing and the Adjacent Areas. - Beijing, China: Seismic Publishing House, 1995 .-- 222 p.