Borman, Alexander Vladimirovich

Alexander Vladimirovich Borman was born on May 2, 1902 in the city of Batum , now Batumi ( Georgia ). Russian

In the Red Army since 1921. Fighter of the Red Post at the headquarters of the 208th Division. In 1923 he graduated from the Military Theoretical School of Aviation of the Moscow Military District in Yegoryevsk , in 1924 - from the Military School of Air Combat. Later he served in the following positions: military pilot of the 2nd separate aviation detachment , senior pilot of the 50th separate aviation detachment, instructor-pilot of the Military school of observing pilots in Leningrad and the 3rd military school of pilots and observing pilots in Orenburg . In 1927 he joined the ranks of the CPSU (b) . Since 1930, the commander of the aviation squad, and. D. Commander of the aviation squadron of the Black Sea Maritime Forces , commander and commissar of a separate naval long-range reconnaissance aviation squadron. In 1938 he graduated from the Higher Flight and Tactical School in Lipetsk and then was appointed assistant commander of a light aviation brigade . Since 1940 - commander of the 19th Aviation Division in the Kiev Special Military District .

At the beginning of World War II from June 24, 1941 A.V. Borman was deputy fighter aviation air defense assistant commander of the troops of the Southwestern Front . Since October 1941, he served as commander of the Air Force of the 40th Army . December 27, 1941 he was awarded the military rank of " Major General of Aviation." March 27, 1942 "for the able leadership and organization of the combat work of the Air Force of the 40th Army on the Southwestern Front" was awarded the Order of the Red Star. From May to July 1942 - commander of the 220th Fighter Aviation Division, then assistant commander of the 8th Air Army. In November 1942, he took command of the 216th Fighter Aviation Division, which in December was renamed the 216th Combined Aviation Division ^[1] . As part of the 4th Air Army, the division under the leadership of A. V. Borman actively participated in air battles in the Kuban and, in June 1943, was transformed into the 9th Guards Fighter Air Division for military services ^[2] . A. Borman himself during the hostilities was at a special control point deployed in infantry combat formations, and from there he controlled the actions of fighters on the radio, prompted the pilots with the right solutions, and if necessary called for reinforcements ^{[3] [4]} . As a result of the analysis and generalization of combat experience, he came to the conclusion that it was necessary to change the tactics of conducting air combat . He outlined his conclusions in a letter to the commander of the 4th Air Army, K. A. Vershinin , in which he proposed abandoning group tactics and moving on to acting in pairs ^{[3] [5] [6]} . Vershinin later recalled ^[3] :

We multiplied the letter and sent it to fighter aviation divisions. It was discussed with all commanders of regiments and squadrons . On the basis of the proposals received from them, an order was issued. The regiments received specific instructions: in the combat work of fighters make wide use of free flights; consider maneuvering pairs as the basis of the battle formation ...

The new tactics paid off well, especially in conditions of numerical superiority of enemy aircraft ^[7] . In the future, A.V. Borman put a lot of effort to quickly introduce new tactics into the daily combat activities of the troops.

In May 1943, the 1st Air Defense Air Force was created for the air defense of Moscow and Moscow Region facilities, and A.V. Borman was appointed its commander. Since November 1944, deputy commander of the 5th Air Army . In this position he participated in Budapest , Vienna and Prague offensive operations .

After the war, from January 1946, the assistant commander for the combatant unit of the 48th , then 45th air armies . In 1950 he graduated from the Higher Academic Courses at the Higher Military Academy. K.E. Voroshilova . Since December 1955, at the disposal of the Air Force Commander- in- Chief . Since January 1956 in stock.

Alexander Vladimirovich Borman died on April 1, 1982 in Moscow .

• 2 Orders of Lenin (1st May 25, 1936)
• 3 orders of the Red Banner
• Order of the Patriotic War, 1st degree
• Order of the Red Star (03/27/1942)
• Medal "For the Defense of Stalingrad"

• Team of authors . The Great Patriotic War. The commanders. Military Biographical Dictionary / Under the General Ed. M. G. Vozhakina . - M .; Zhukovsky: Kuchkovo Field, 2005 .-- S. 339. - ISBN 5-86090-113-5 .
• Team of authors . World War II: Divisional Commanders. Military Biographical Dictionary / V.P. Goremykin. - M .: Kuchkovo field, 2014 .-- T. 2 .-- S. 438-440. - 1000 copies. - ISBN 978-5-9950-0341-0 .
• Battle of Stalingrad. July 1942 - February 1943: Encyclopedia / Ed. M.M. Zagorulko . - 5th ed., Rev. and add. - Volgograd: Publisher, 2012.- S. 82. - 800 p.
• Golotyuk V.L., Tsapaev D.A. Command personnel of the Air Defense Forces of the Red Army during the Great Patriotic and Soviet-Japanese Wars of 1941-1945. - M., 2012 .-- S. 116-117.