Rokhlin, Lev Yakovlevich

He was born the youngest of three children in the family of the veteran of the Great Patriotic War , political exile Yakov Lvovich Rokhlin ^{[2] [3]} . In 1948, 8 months after the birth of his son, Yakov Lvovich was arrested and, apparently, died in the Gulag ^[4] . Mother, Ksenia Ivanovna Goncharova, alone raised three children.

After 10 years, the Rokhlin family moved to Tashkent . There, Rokhlin studied at school number 19 in the Old City on Sheikhantahur. After graduating from school, he worked at an aircraft factory , then was drafted into the army. ^{[ specify ]}

In 1970 he graduated from the Tashkent Higher Combined Arms Command School , as well as all subsequent educational institutions, with honors. Then he served in the Group of Soviet Forces in Germany, the city ​​of Wurzen , 242nd Guards. MSP 20th Guards msd He entered the Military Academy. After graduation, MV Frunze served in the Arctic , as well as in the Leningrad , Turkestan , and Transcaucasian military districts, where he was deputy corps commander (31 AK, GRSSR, Kutaisi).

In the war in Afghanistan

In 1982-1984 he served in the Republic of Afghanistan , first as a commander of the 860th separate motorized rifle regiment in Fayzabad , Badakhshan province ^[5] . In June 1983, Rokhlin was removed from his post for the unsuccessful, according to the command, military operation, and was appointed deputy commander of the 191st separate motorized rifle regiment in the city of Ghazni ^[6] . Less than a year later he was reinstated. He was wounded twice (the last time - in October 1984. At the end of the Urgun operation, the helicopter with Rokhlin was shot down and the lieutenant colonel received multiple injuries and a fracture of the spine ^[7] , after which he was evacuated to Tashkent ).

Interwar

After Afghanistan, in February 1985, Rokhlin was appointed deputy commander of the 58th motorized rifle division in Kyzyl-Arvat in TurkVO . On his initiative and active participation, the modernization of the training center of the division in Kyzynzhik is underway. ^[7]

In July 1986, Rokhlin was awarded the rank of colonel.

Due to his son’s illness, Rokhlin moved to Georgia and in March 1987 was appointed commander of the 152nd motorized infantry division in Kutaisi . ^[eight]

In addition to military service, Rokhlin in a new place was engaged in the arrangement of a sports and recreation camp for pre-conscription youth. ^[9]

From January to April 1990, he commanded the 75th motorized rifle division , which was transferred from the Transcaucasian Military District of the USSR Ministry of Defense to the Transcaucasian Border District of the KGB of the USSR on January 4, 1990 ( 75th Motorized Ring Road from 01/04/1990. was subordinate to the Main Directorate of the Border Troops of the KGB of the USSR). ^[10] Active combat training of the division’s personnel prevented the seizure of weapons and military equipment by the locals, which flourished in the rest of the Azerbaijan SSR. In addition, the division under the command of Rokhlin was able to stop the regular illegal border crossing from Iran. This led to official protests by the Iranian side. ^[eleven]

In February 1990, received the title of Major General. Since 1991, he commanded the 171st Guards District Training Center (former 100th Guards umdsd ) in Tbilisi . Commanding the training center, Rokhlin encountered militants from the Mkhedrioni militarized nationalist organization. The personnel were attacked by militants in the capital of Georgia. ^[12] In response, Rokhlin planned and carried out the defeat of the main nationalist base in Komsomolsk Town on the outskirts of Tbilisi, which was the former recreation center of the Komsomol , without loss. ^[13]

Graduated with honors from the Military Academy of the General Staff in 1993. Since June 1993, he was the commander of the Volgograd 8th Guards Army Corps and the head of the Volgograd Garrison. ^[14]

In the war in Chechnya

From December 1, 1994 to February 1995, he headed the 8th Guards Army Corps in Chechnya .

The corps under the command of Lieutenant General Rokhlin arrived from Volgograd in the Kizlyar region. Further, having made a deceitful maneuver, the corps went to Tolstoy-Yurt through the Dagestan steppes past the settlements of Aleksandro-Nevskoye , Solnechny , Terekli-Mekteb , Kumli . This protected the corps column from attack by Chechen militants, who inflicted painful attacks on other units and formations of Russian troops advanced to Chechnya. ^[15]

Upon arriving in Chechnya at Chervlennaya stanitsa, corps artillery saved the 81st Special Operations Regiment of the Internal Troops of the Ministry of Internal Affairs (military unit 3709) with its strike when it was attacked by the Dudaevites . ^[16] Further, the Rohlins occupied the line along the Tersky ridge near Grozny. On January 15, 1995, parts of the corps concentrated 1.5 km east of Tolstoy-Yurt. ^[17]

Under his leadership, a number of areas of Grozny were taken, including the presidential palace. On January 17, 1995, generals Lev Rokhlin and Ivan Babichev were appointed to contact Chechen field commanders with a view to ceasing fire.

Later, Rokhlin refused to confer the Hero of Russia (for the successful capture of Grozny with minimal losses), saying: “In a civil war, commanders cannot earn fame. The war in Chechnya is not the glory of Russia, but its misfortune ” ^[18] .

Political Activities

September 3, 1995 at the II Congress of the party " Our Home - Russia " (NDR), he took third place in the party list. In December 1995, Lev Rokhlin was elected as a deputy of the State Duma of the Russian Federation of the 2nd convocation on the federal list of the electoral movement "Our Home is Russia." In January 1996, Lev Rokhlin joined the faction "Our Home - Russia". He was elected chairman of the State Duma Committee on Defense.

September 9, 1997 left the movement "Our Home - Russia".

After that, in September 1997, the general created his own political movement: " Movement in Support of the Army, Defense Industry and Military Science " (DPA). The organizing committee of the movement included the former Minister of Defense Igor Rodionov , the former commander of the Airborne Forces Vladislav Achalov , the ex-head of the KGB Vladimir Kryuchkov .

May 20, 1998 was removed from the post of chairman of the Defense Committee.

It is considered one of the most active opposition leaders in 1997-1998. The Russian Reporter magazine claimed, citing Rokhlin’s co-workers and friends, that the general was plotting to overthrow Russian President Boris Yeltsin and establish a military dictatorship ^{[19] [20]} .

The assistant to the head of the State Duma Security Committee, V. Ilyukhin, described the scenario of the planned removal of Yeltsin and his entourage from power: a mass rally is being held, participants are demanding the resignation of the extremely unpopular president and government. Since Yeltsin was firmly determined not to resign and was capable of violating the Constitution and using force , if there were threats to the protesters, it was planned to send troops to Moscow to defend them. Despite the “cleansing” of the army and thanks to the unpopular policies of Yeltsin, Rokhlin found many sympathetic commanders who promised support. Yeltsin and his entourage were able to restore not only impoverished Russians against themselves - even the oligarch Gusinsky suggested that Rokhlin finance the attempt on Yeltsin, but Rokhlin refused ^[21] . According to A. Lebed ^[22] , he nevertheless used the money of the Most Group JSC for meetings with members of the public and, probably, for flights to the regions. The murder of Rokhlin violated these plans, but an impeachment attempt was carried out, and this could affect Yeltsin’s decision to resign later.

According to relatives, he was an active participant in the attempted military coup against Russian President B. Yeltsin . ^{[1] [23] [24] [25]}

Murder

On the night of July 2–3, 1998, he was found murdered at his own dacha in the village of Klokovo, Naro-Fominsk District, Moscow Region . According to the official version, his wife, Tamara Rokhlina shot the sleeping Rokhlin, a family quarrel was called the reason. He was buried on July 7, 1998 at the Troekurovsky cemetery .

He was awarded the Order of the Red Banner, two orders of the Red Star (including for participating in the Afghan war), the Order "For Service to the Homeland in the Armed Forces of the USSR" 3rd degree, medals: for perfect service and anniversary, as well as Afghan awards: Order of the Red The banner and the medal "Warrior-Internationalist from the grateful Afghan people."

As one of the leaders of the storming of Grozny in 1994, according to some media reports, he was introduced in January 1995 , but refused the highest rank of Hero of the Russian Federation , saying that he did not have the moral right to receive this award for military operations in his country ^[26] .

On June 6, 2001, a tombstone was erected on his grave ^{[27] [28]} .

In the village of Vilga, Prionezhsky district of the Republic of Karelia, there is Lev Rokhlin Street ^[29] , on the house number 1 of which Lev Rokhlin has a memorial plaque.

• VinichenkoM.V. Rokhlin Lev Yakovlevich // Historical figures graduates of the Academy from the Imperial Military Academy (1832) to the Combined Arms Academy (2002) . - M .: OVA Armed Forces of the Russian Federation , 2002. - S. 241-242.
• Andrey Vladimirovich Antipov. Lev Rokhlin: Life and death of a general. - M .: Eksmo, 1998 .-- 400 p. - 10,000 copies. - ISBN 5-04-001676-X .

• Lieutenant General Lev Rokhlin. Website dedication
• The Rokhlin case. reference
• “Confession of General Rokhlin" Video interview.
• "Confession of General Rokhlin" - Rokhlin against the Kremlin.
• Tomb of Lev Rokhlin at the Troekurovsky cemetery in Moscow (inaccessible link)
• Andrey Veselov. “We had to arrest the president” (inaccessible link from 12-01-2018 [598 days]) Russian reporter. July 19, 2011, No. 28 (206).
• “Leo Rokhlin. Ordered to forget ”Series 1: And one warrior in the field A documentary film by Sergei Rozhentsev.