Minaev, Frol Minaevich

Frol Minaev was first mentioned in sources in 1667 .

Member of the Persian and Volga campaigns Stepan Razin . In 1670 from Tsaritsyn S. Razin sent to the Don two thousand Cossacks under the command of atamans Frol Minaev and Yakov Gavrilov with the treasury seized in Astrakhan ^[2] . Soon, Frol Minaev went over to the side of Ataman K. Yakovlev and a Cossack foreman hostile to S. Razin.

In 1675, the ataman Frol Minaev with a detachment of the Don Cossacks arrived in the Zaporizhzhya Sich , from where, together with the ataman Ivan Serko, he planned to undertake a campaign on the Crimean uluses. However, instead of the Crimea, the allies I. Serko and F. Minaev with the Zaporozhye and Don Cossacks acted to Ukraine. Right-bank hetman Peter Doroshenko sent a letter to the Zaporizhzhya Sich, expressing a desire to surrender the hetman's signs of power to the Zaporozhians and bring before them an oath of allegiance to the Moscow Tsar. On October 10, atamans Ivan Serko and Frol Minaev arrived in Chigirin , where Peter Doroshenko convened the Cossack Rada, where he resigned from the hetman's authority and took the oath of allegiance to Moscow ^[3] .

On February 9, 1680, the Russian Tsar Fedor Alekseevich signed a letter in the name of Ataman Frol Minaev, in which he was ordered to join the regiment under the command of the boyar Prince Vasily Vasilyevich Golitsyn and take part in the march on Kiev . Together with the royal diploma, 10 thousand rubles were sent to the Don.

Implacable opponent of the Old Believers . In the summer of 1688 a Cossack circle gathered. Frol Minaev made a speech: “ It ’s necessary to send for the chert (schismatist) ... there is nothing to spare the thieves! "He reported to the ruler V.V. Golitsyn , the favorite to the ruler Sophia Alekseevna:" We steal on the Don from thieves - dissenters who live according to Hopr and Medveditsa . "

On March 9, 1688, Ataman Frol Minaev received a royal charter in which “ for faithful and diligent service ” expressed gratitude from Tsar Peter Alekseevich, and sent “ cash and bread allowance, wine, cloth, gunpowder, lead, cores, three guns and one hundred rubles on the church building on the occasion of the devastation and the fire that destroyed almost all of Cherkessk ”- the capital of the Don Army.

In 1689, by imperial decree, ataman Frol Minaev with five hundred Cossacks took part in the second campaign of the Russian army under the command of Prince V. V. Golitsyn against the Crimean Khanate .

In January 1689, in the new tsarist charter, the Don Army was notified of the sending of a wick for guns in the Winter Village to Frol Manaev . Attached to it is a commendation letter addressed to Frol Minaev.

In 1695 - 1696, Don Ataman Frol Minaev took an active part in the Azov campaigns of Tsar Peter I. During the first campaign against the Azov, the Don Cossacks were the first to attack the Turkish fortress, the first to establish themselves on the ramparts and broke into the fortress along with units of the Preobrazhensky and Semenovsky regiments. Not having received support from the rest of the Russian army, they were forced to leave Azov .

In 1696, the young king Peter the Great embarked on a second expedition to Azov . Left-bank Cossacks under the command of acting hetman Yakov Lizogub and Don Cossacks led by ataman Frol Minaev took part in the campaign. The Don Ataman showed such wonders of courage and the art of warfare that it became a legend. Azov , completely blocked by Russian troops from the sea and land, was soon forced to surrender. Tsar Peter himself then noted the courage and strength of ataman Frol Minaev.

On February 20, 1698, the troop ataman Frol Minaev and the whole Don army received a letter from the tsar, in which the Cossacks firstly bragged for the defeat of the Crimeans who went to the Russian Ukraine and Kuban people on the Kuban River, and then granted the Army with money and bread, wine and other things . On February 21, 1699, Tsar Peter Alekseevich signed a new letter in which he thanked Frol Minaev and the Don Cossacks " for reflecting the Kuban schismatics to Panshin Gorodok for the extermination of ships under construction there, for persecution and destruction ".

The first Russian newspaper Vedomosti , published by Peter’s order in St. Petersburg , described the Azov campaign in pathetic tones and was glorified by the Don ataman Frol Minaev, named in the text Fleur Minaev.

In 1699, Don Ataman Frol Minaev participated in the Russian Embassy in Istanbul . The embassy went, accompanied by a new Russian fleet (two galleys, a yacht, two haliots, three brigantiers). The captain of the ship " Apostle Peter " was Tsar Peter himself. On the way to the flotilla joined the four naval planes. They were led by ataman Frol Minaev, under the command of which there were five hundred Don Cossacks selected on the Cossack circle.

At the end of his life, Frol Minayev took monastic vows as Filaret ^[4] .

His eldest sons, Maxim and Vasily Frolov, in Peter's time occupied a prominent place among the foremen of the Don Cossacks . Maxim Frolovich Frolov was the ataman of the Don Cossacks in 1713 , and his brother Vasily Frolovich Frolov was the elected ataman ( 1715 , 1717 ) and the ataman ( 1718 - 1723 ).

• Minaeva N. V. People of the Russian Resistance
• Atamans of the Great Don Cossacks
• S. Soloviev. “History of Russia since ancient times”