Nikolai Yurievich Tatarov (party pseudonym Kostrov ) ( 1877 , Warsaw - March 22 [ April 3 ] 1906 , ibid) - a political figure, a member of the Central Committee of the Socialist Revolutionary Party , an agent of the security department . Journalist , publisher , translator of Polish literature into Russian .
| Nikolai Y. Tatarov | |
|---|---|
| Aliases | N.Y.T. [1] , Kostrov |
| Date of Birth | 1877 |
| Place of Birth | Warsaw , Kingdom of Poland , Russian Empire |
| Date of death | March 22 ( April 3 ) 1906 |
| Place of death | Warsaw |
| Allegiance |  Russian empire |
| Occupation | politician, police officer , journalist , publisher , translator |
| Language of Works | |
Biography
Born in the family of a priest of the Greek Catholic Church . Participated in the work of the Polish Socialist Party . In 1899, he organized the Workers' Banner group, which included prominent revolutionaries in the future. In February 1901 , he was arrested and kept in the Peter and Paul Fortress . In conclusion, he went on a hunger strike and starved for 22 days. By a court decision, he was exiled to Eastern Siberia for 5 years, to Irkutsk , where he joined the Socialist Revolutionary Party. They organized a printing house that worked for over a year. In Irkutsk, he was published under the pseudonym N. Yu. T. in the Eastern Review, and also published his translations of Polish prose writers in metropolitan journals under his own name. He translated Stefan Zheromski , Maria Konopnitskaya , Vladislav Reymont, and others.
At the end of 1904, Nikolai Yuryevich went to contacts with the Irkutsk military governor-general, Count P. I. Kutaisov , who knew Father Tatarov well. In exchange for the cessation of exile promised by P. I. Kutaisov, Tatarov agreed to become an agent of the Police Department and soon returned to St. Petersburg .
For some time he lived in Odessa as a representative of the Central Committee of the Socialist-Revolutionary Party [2] . In the autumn of 1905, while in Paris , he embarked on the first legal publication in Russia of a collection of articles by the party of the Social Revolutionaries “Revolutionary Russia” abroad, publishing in Russian newspapers an advertisement with the names of Gotz , Shishko , Chernov , Minor , Bach and others.
From March 1905 - agent of the St. Petersburg security department. He was in direct contact with the director of the Police Department A. A. Lopukhin . One of the most important informants (along with EF Azef ) about the activities of the Combat Organization and the Socialist Revolutionary Party for the Police Department.
On March 17, 1905 , according to Tatarov, almost all members of the military organization were arrested on charges of plotting the assassination of DF Trepov . The combat organization of the Social Revolutionaries as an organized structure ceased to exist. In 1906 he issued N. S. Tyutchev [3] .
The leadership of the Socialist-Revolutionaries received an anonymous letter written by an employee of the Police Department L.P. Menshchikov , in which it was reported that the leadership of the Socialist Revolutionary Party had two informants of the Police Department .
In connection with the suspicion of the existence of a traitor in the central bodies of the Social Revolutionary Party, a commission was appointed, which, after analyzing information about Tatarov, concluded that it was “provocative” activity (lack of truthful explanations about the availability of money for organizing a revolutionary literature publishing house, charging Tatarov Azef with provocative activity and others.) By the decision of the Central Committee of the Social Revolutionary Party N. Yu. Tatarov, on the basis of suspicion (without evidence), was sentenced to death as a “provocateur” and a traitor [4] .
On March 22, 1906, in Tatars , in Warsaw, in his apartment and in the presence of his parents, was killed by the Social Revolutionary fighter, F. A. Nazarov [5] , and Tatarov's mother was wounded by two bullets.
Nazarov himself denied that he intended to harm Tatarov’s parents. Boris Savinkov’s memoirs contain a fragment in which Nazarov tells Savinkov the details of the murder:
I came to the house, the doorman asked, - where are you going? I say: to the apartment of the sixth. And Tatars live in the fifth. To archpriest Gusev, speaks? Yes, to Gusev. So go! I went. Called. The old woman came out. - You can see, I say, Nikolai Yurevich? - And you asked why? I say: you need. Father came out: who do you want? Nikolay Yuryevich, I speak. - You can not see him ... Here, I see, Tatarov himself comes out. Became on the threshold, it is worth a big one. I took out a revolver, picked it up. Then the old man pushed me into the arm. I started shooting, I do not know where the bullets went. Tatars rushed at me, all three rushed. Mother hangs on her left hand, father hangs on her right. Tatarov himself pressed his back to his chest, his hands pulling the revolver from me. I do not give a revolver, hold tight. Only he pulls. Well, I think he didn’t kill him and got caught by himself. I tried to swing my left hand only. Pushed away, the old woman fell. I again took out the knife with my left hand and struck him in the left side. He took my hand, took two steps forward and fell. The old man holds his right hand. I shot at the ceiling, I say: let go - I will kill. The old man started his hand. Then I approached Tatarov, put a note in his pocket: “BOPC-R”.
Later, the informing activity of Tatarov was confirmed by documents from the security department provided by former police officer L. P. Menschikov . S. G. Kara-Murza writes that only in 7-8 months of his service from March 1905, Nikolai Yuryevich received 16,100 rubles. (payment documents were discovered in 1917), while the historian notes that Menschikov submitted a letter to the Central Committee of the Social Revolutionaries party to expose both Tatarov and Yevno Azef, but since the authority of the latter after the attempt on V.Kleve was indisputable, the Social Revolutionaries, not believing in such unprincipled police and Tatarov’s assurances that he was not the traitor, but Azef, believed Azef, who managed to shift the blame on Tatarov and get him executed [6] .
Notes
- ↑ Masanov I. F. New additions to the alphabetical index of pseudonyms. Alphabetical Index of Authors // Dictionary of pseudonyms of Russian writers, scientists and public figures / Yu. I. Masanov. - M .: Publishing House of the All-Union. Prince Chambers, 1960. - V. 4. - p. 62. - 465 p. - 15 000 copies
- ↑ L. Priceman. Terrorists and revolutionaries, guards and provokers
- ↑ Socialism - Tyutchev, Nikolai Sergeevich (inaccessible link)
- ↑ B. Savinkov. Memories of a terrorist
- ↑ Nazarov Fyodor Aleksandrovich - a mechanic of the Sormovsky Plant ( Nizhny Novgorod ), descended from the peasants, a member of the fighting squad in Nizhny Novgorod in 1905, since 1906 - a member of the Military Organization of the Social Revolutionary Party. Member of the assassination attempt on the governor of Nizhny Novgorod PF Unterbergera . In May 1906, together with other members of the military organization, he was arrested after an unsuccessful attempt on the life of General Neplyuev V.S. in Sevastopol. He was sentenced to four years of hard labor. He fled from prison and was killed while crossing the border.
- ↑ S. G. Kara-Murza. The civil war of 1918-1921. - a lesson for the XXI century
Translations from Polish
- Stefan Zheromsky , Twilight. Story. - Russian wealth , 1902, June, pp. 219-224.
- Vladislav Reymont , "In the dungeons." Story. - Russian Wealth , 1902, June, pp. 224–231.
- George Glyass, "How did it happen?" Story. - Russian Wealth , 1902, June, pp. 232–239.
- Maria Konopnitskaya , "Yakton". Story. - Russian wealth , 1902, June, pp. 239-246.
- Stefan Zeromsky , "Ashes". Novel. - Russian wealth , 1903, May, June, pp. 214-243.
- Wladyslaw Reymont , "Promised Land". Novel. - Russian wealth , 1903, May, June, July.