Tsagan-Nur (village)

The name of the village is derived from the hydronym Tsagan-Nur ( Kalm. Tsagan-Nur ), which is of Mongolian origin and is translated from the Kalmyk language as a white lake ( Kalm. Tsagan - white ^[2] + Kalm. Nur - lake ^[3] ). The name reflects the color of salt crystals formed at the bottom of Lake Sarpa located near the village after it dries.

Documentary data on the time of the foundation of the village have not been preserved, but it is known that in the middle of the 18th century this area was settled. The population lived by birth. Representatives of the Taltakhin family ("taltnakhna tavn zun ork"), named after the hero of the Patriotic War of 1812, Yesaul Manka Taltayev ^[4] lived in the tract Tsagan-Nur and nearby hotons.

In 1904, an elementary literacy school was opened in the tract Tsagan-Nur of the Maloderbetovsky ulus . At first, the school was a parish, with a capacity of 25 seats, was placed in a house allocated by the local zaisang Taltayev ^[5] . In 1911, a wooden building of the small khurul Tashi Gomang was built in the village on folk remedies. It was served by 17 people: 7 Gelungs, 5 Getsuli and 5 Mandzhiks.

On August 29, 1929, a collective farm named after the III Comintern was formed on the territory of the village.

During the Great Patriotic War, about 500 villagers went to the front: more than 300 people did not return from the fronts. In 1942, the front line passed near the village. This section was protected by the 115th Kabardino-Balkarian Division ^[5] .

In December 1943, Kalmyks were deported , the autonomy of the republic was abolished, and in January 1944 the Priozerny state farm of the Nikolsky district of the Astrakhan region was created .

The Kalmyk population began to return since 1956 . The village was returned to the newly formed Kalmyk Autonomous Region in 1957. In 1978, the Priozerny state farm was renamed the Tsagan-Nur state farm , in 1998, by transformation, the state farm was renamed the Tsagan-Nur joint venture, and in 2001, through the reorganization of the joint-stock farm, it was renamed the Tsagan-Nur-1 joint venture ^[5] .

The village is located within the Sarpinskaya lowland (north-western part of the Caspian lowland ), on the eastern shore of Lake Sarpa (Tsagan-Nur) ^[6] , at an altitude of 2 meters above sea level ^[7] . The terrain is flat. On all sides the village is surrounded by pasture land ^[6] .

By road, the distance to the capital of Kalmykia, the city of Elista is 170 km, to the district center of the village of Bolshoi Tsaryn - 91 km ^[8] . There is an entrance to the village from the republican highway Ketchenery - Izhil - Salty Zaimishche ( Astrakhan region ).

Climate

The climate is temperate sharply continental (according to the Köppen – Bsk classification of climates ), with hot and arid summers and relatively cold and little snowy winters. The average annual air temperature is + 9.3 ° C. The average temperature of the coldest month of January is 6.3 ° C, the hottest month of July + 25.1 ° C. Estimated long-term rainfall is 299 mm. During the year, the amount of precipitation is distributed relatively evenly: the least amount of precipitation falls between March and April (18 mm each) and in October (19 mm each), the largest - in June (33 mm) ^[7]

Timezone

National composition

According to the 2002 census, the majority of the population of the village were Kalmyks (97%) ^[11]

• Stupa of Enlightenment . Opened August 1, 1999 . The Stupa of Enlightenment is a majestic monument that has a stepped shape. The Stupa itself is mounted on a pedestal in which the "swells" are laid - 108 plaster figures of Buddhas. In the center of the second stage - “Lotus Throne” - a metal tube is installed in which the “Tree of Life” is embedded, its trunk is crafted by artists from Tibet, it also contains mantras (prayers) and a self-appearing ball, the holder of which is protected from all misfortunes ^[5] .
• Statue of the White Elder (Tsahan Aav). Built in June 2002 .
• Bust of the Hero of the Soviet Union N. Sanzhirov Installed in 1967 , sculptor - N. Sanzhiev
• Monument to the folk poet Kalmykia Kalyaev S.K. Author: Botiev S.K.
• Monument to Kalmyk writer and poet Khoninov M.V. Installed in 2009 , sculptor: Vankaev G.
• Memorial to fallen fellow villagers. Built in 1989 .
• The Wall of Sorrow memorial dedicated to the memory of deceased fellow villagers during the years of deportation. Opened in 2003 , on the 60th anniversary of the deportation of Kalmyks . Author: Botiev S.K. Thirteen columns and stones symbolize thirteen years of deportation, a circle is set in the center, which shows ears of rye, salt and frozen potato as a memory of those terrible years, combines the composition The Wall of Sorrow, which shows a burning lamp, a freight train , where Kalmyks were taken away, niches were beaten out, where on February 28 every year the inhabitants of the village erect lamps, bring tea and wrestlers, remembering the dead ^[5] .
• An obelisk on the grave of soldiers of the 115 Kabardino-Balkarian cavalry division. Established in 1969 .

• Kalyaev Sandzhi Kalyaevich - Soviet Kalmyk writer, folklorist , translator, literary critic , playwright , national poet of Kalmykia, one of the founders of modern Kalmyk literature.
• Sandzhirov Nikolay Martynovich - a hero of the Soviet Union , a participant in the Great Patriotic War .
• Khoninov Mikhail Vankaevich - Soviet Kalmyk poet, prose writer, playwright, translator, public figure, participant in the Great Patriotic War , member of the partisan movement in Belarus .