Klimov, Vladimir Yakovlevich

V. Ya. Klimov was born on July 11 (23), 1892 in Moscow. The Klimov family came from peasant migrants from the Vladimir province .

Father - Yakov Alekseevich Klimov from the peasant of the village of Annino, Vladimir province. From childhood he went to Moscow to earn money, rose from a student to the owner of a artisan artisan, worked on construction contracts, got rich, bought a plot of land in Moscow and built a profitable house on it ^[2] , became a homeowner.

Mother - Praskovya Vasilievna Ustinova from a peasant family in the neighboring village of Erosovo. The family has 8 children. ^[3]

He studied at the Komissarovsk technical school . In 1918 he graduated from Moscow State Technical University named after N.E. Bauman .

He began his career in October 1917 as a design engineer at the Kolomensky Zavod Society (Moscow). From July 1918 to 1931 he worked as a senior laboratory engineer, department head, assistant director of the scientific automobile laboratory, which was later transformed into the Scientific Automotive Institute of the USSR (NAMI). Since 1931 - head of technical control of the gasoline engine department of the Central Institute of Aviation Motors . Concurrently, he taught at the Moscow Higher Technical School, Lomonosov Institute and the Academy of the Air Force, named after N. E. Zhukovsky, and headed the engine design department of the Moscow Aviation Institute.

At the same time he participated in the development of the first Soviet star-shaped aircraft air-cooled engines M-12 , M-23 and others ( 1925 - 1927 ) and the first, most powerful at that time (approx. 650 kW (880 hp)), 12- liquid-cooled cylinder engine M-13 ( 1925 - 1930 ). Since 1935 - the chief designer of aircraft engines. By the mid -1930s , it was organizing the production of the 12-cylinder M-100 engine, whose power was 30% higher than that of similar foreign engines of the same size, and then the serial M-103 engine for SB bombers designed by A. N. Tupolev and A.A. Arkhangelsky .

In 1935, Vladimir Yakovlevich was appointed chief designer of the Rybinsk Motor Plant No. 26. Since August 1941, he worked in Ufa at the evacuated plant (Ufa Motor Plant).

In the late 1930s and early 1940s, a number of powerful serial engines ( M-105 , VK-105PF , VK-107 , VK-108 ) equipped with an original design two-speed air supercharger were created under the leadership of Klimov. These engines were installed on diving Pe-2 bombers designed by V. M. Petlyakov and fighters designed by A. S. Yakovlev , who became famous in the battles of World War II . In the post-war period, a number of aircraft engines were developed at the Design Bureau under the leadership of Klimov . In 1947 - 1949 , the first domestic engines with centrifugal compressors for jet aircraft were created. In 1951, on the basis of the English Nene engine , the VK-1F was created - one of the first turbojet engines in the world equipped with an afterburner mounted on fighter jets .

In the course of scientific research and design work, Klimov developed and introduced a special closed-loop liquid cooling system for piston aircraft engines under pressure, an air blower with a two-speed drive, an improved gas distribution system, a fuel-air mixture supply system for powerful and high-speed aircraft engines, and a number of original solutions were proposed in the turbojet engines design. Klimov made a significant contribution to the development of the theory of lubrication, to the solution of the problems of balancing piston aircraft engines and other issues of engine building.

Member of the Supreme Council of the USSR of the second convocation (1946-1950).

V. Ya. Klimov died on September 9, 1962 . He was buried in Moscow at the Novodevichy cemetery (plot number 1).

In 2002, a street in the Shevchenkovsky district of the city ​​of Zaporozhye was named after V. Ya. Klimov ^[4] . Also in Zaporozhye there is a park of academician Klimov ^[5] .

During World War II, V. Ya. Klimov made a great contribution to the Defense Fund :

MOSCOW, KREMLIN TO COMRADE STALIN
Wanting to help our heroic Red Army defeat the Nazi invaders faster, I gave my money savings in the amount of 73 thousand rubles to the fund for the construction of an aircraft squadron.
Chief designer of the plant Hero of Socialist Labor Klimov

The chief designer of the plant Hero of Socialist Labor comrade Klimov
Please accept my greetings and thanks to the Red Army, Comrade Klimov, for your concern for the air forces of the Red Army.
I. STALIN
Izvestia newspaper , March 4, 1943

• twice Hero of Socialist Labor (10/28/1940, medal No. 9; 12/12/1957)
• Five Orders of Lenin (12/29/1936; 10/28/1940; 12/30/1943; 07/02/1945; 07/23/1952)
• Order of Suvorov 1st degree (09.16.1945)
• Order of Suvorov 2nd degree (08.19.1944)
• Order of the Patriotic War I degree (06/10/1945)
• Order of the Red Banner of Labor (03/05/1939)
• medal "For Military Merit" (11/05/1954)
• other medals
• Stalin Prize of the first degree ( 1941 ) - for the development of a new aircraft engine
• Stalin Prize of the second degree ( 1943 ) - for the improvement of the aircraft engine
• Stalin Prize of the first degree ( 1946 ) - for the creation of a new model of an aircraft engine
• Stalin Prize of the first degree ( 1949 ) - for the creation of an engine

• Atlas of aircraft engine designs. Part 1-2. M. - L., 1935-1938.

In honor of the designer named Scientific and Production Association. Klimova (currently UEC-Klimov JSC as part of the United Engine Corporation (UEC) - a holding company of the State Corporation Rostec in the field of engine building) and the neighboring square of Academician Klimov at the intersection of Bolshoy Sampsonievsky Prospect and Kantemirovskaya Str. in the Vyborgsky district of St. Petersburg. A memorial plaque is installed on the factory building in the square. On October 23, 2017, a monument to the outstanding Russian designer and scientist Vladimir Klimov was unveiled on the territory of JSC UEC-Klimov. The bust of V. Ya. Klimov is installed at the beginning of Aviamotornaya Street, on which TsIAM them. Baranova.

• Klimov, Vladimir Yakovlevich (Russian) . Site " Heroes of the country ".
• "K-22" - Line cruiser / [under the total. ed. N.V. Ogarkova ]. - M .: Military Publishing House of the Ministry of Defense of the USSR , 1979. - 654 p. - ( Soviet military encyclopedia : [in 8 vols.]; 1976-1980, vol. 4).
• V. Ya. Klimov. Hero of Socialist Labor, major general of the aviation engineering service. - “Technique of the Air Fleet”, 1944, No. 11-12.
• Heroes of Labor / Handbook of Heroes of Socialist Labor and Knights of the Order of Labor Glory of three degrees from Bashkortostan. / Comp. R. A. Valishin [et al.]. - Ufa: Kitap, 2011 .-- 432 p. : ill. - ISBN 978-5-295-05228-6 .
• Bashkir Encyclopedia. Ch. ed. M. A. Ilgamov, vol. 3. ZK. 2007. −672 s. ISBN 978-5-88185-064-7 ; scientific .. ed. Bashkir Encyclopedia, Ufa.