Roginsky, Yakov Yakovlevich

He was born in the family of Yakov Lvovich Roginsky, a candidate of law, and Alexandra Matveevna Resser, a music teacher. He studied at the Moscow gymnasium named after I. and A. Medvednikovs ^[3] . According to the memoirs of Nadezhda Volpin , in the fall of 1919 he attended meetings of the poetic circle "Green Workshop" ^[4] . He graduated from the Physics and Mathematics Department of Moscow State University in 1925 ^[2] .

From 1926 to 1929 - Professor of the Ethnological Department of the 1st Moscow State University . In 1927 he studied at the graduate school of the Anthropological Institute of the 1st Moscow State University. He participated in an expedition to study the Tungus-Manchu peoples. In the summer of 1927, together with B.A. Kuftin and M.G. Levin, he studied the Evenks of the Baikal region , in 1928, under the guidance of Kuftin, the study of the Oroks of eastern Sakhalin and the Udege in the area of ​​the river was continued . Choir ^[5] .

He was arrested on a political case on January 19, 1934, and sentenced on April 2 of the same year on charges of anti-Soviet agitation (Articles 58-10 of the Criminal Code of the RSFSR) by the OGPU collegium to be sentenced to 3 years probation ^[6] . Sent on an indefinite trip to Voronezh , where he spoke with O. E. Mandelstam ^{[7] [8] [9]} . Yakov Yakovlevich was well acquainted with the poet, as he was friends with his brother N. Ya. Mandelstam - Yevgeny Yakovlevich Khazin ^[10] .

In 1942, in evacuation in Ashgabat, he was a professor and the acting head of the department of Darwinism. In 1946 he defended his thesis for the degree of Doctor of Biological Sciences on the theme "Some anthropological issues in the problem of the origin of modern man." Then, in 1946, he became a laureate of the prize to them. MV Lomonosov III degree for the work (in the manuscript) "Theories of monocentrism and polycentrism in the problem of the origin of Homo sapiens and its races." Since 1950 - professor at Moscow State University; for many years he taught courses: “Ethnic anthropology”, “Introduction to anthropology”, “Special chapters of anthropogenesis”, “USSR anthropology”, “Anthropogenesis”, “Paleoanthropology of the USSR”, “History of anthropology”.

From 1964 to 1975 - Head of the Department of Anthropology of Biological and Soil (later Biological ) Faculty of Moscow University . In 1975-1986, he was a professor-consultant of the same department.

He was buried at Vvedensky cemetery ^[11] .

Scientific Interests

The main works concerned the emergence of the modern species Homo sapiens ( Homo sapiens ), racial studies and human morphology. In particular, Ya. Ya. Roginsky devoted many works to a critical analysis of the hypothesis of the existence of “prespience” in Europe. He also developed the problem of “breaks in gradualness” and the speed of evolution of human ancestors. An important component of the scientific heritage of J. Ya. Roginsky is the study of the main types of character and their formation in human evolution. The development of philosophical aspects of anthropogenesis is essential.

• V. M. Kharitonov, diploma, 1969, diss. Ph.D., 1974 ^[12]
• Heinrich Khrustov ^[13]

Yulia Borisovna Gippenreiter recalls:

The professor of anthropology we had was a wonderful scientist and teacher Yakov Yakovlevich Roginsky. He was in love with his science, and we students were in love with him and his lecture. Whatever Yakov Yakovlevich spoke about - about the human races, the structure of skulls or the prehistoric ancestors of man - everything sounded in his mouth like a fairy tale. His eyes shone, his soft voice sounded inspirational and bewitching, his excitement about any detail or archaeological find was transmitted to us. We loved this subject, and almost all passed the exam "excellent." Several decades passed, but now, having gathered, we remember with great warmth our beloved teacher and his exciting stories about “our wonderful ancestors” - Pithecanthropus and Neanderthals ^[14] .

• Grandfather - Roginsky Emanuil Lvovich, manager of a bank branch in Mogilev ^[15] .
• Uncle - Roginsky Grigory Emanuelovich, lawyer.
• Uncle - Roginsky Lev Emmanuilovich, economist.
• The cousin of his father is an artist Eugene Pasternak .

He was awarded the Order of the Badge of Honor and medals ^[16] .

Laureate of the MV Lomonosov Prize (1946) for his work “Theory of monocentrism and polycentrism in the problem of the origin of Homo sapiens and its races”.

1934 - Moscow, st. Kalyaevskaya, 36, apt. 13 ^[17] .

1961-1986 - Moscow, Lomonosovsky Prospekt, 33, building. one.

Books

• Bunak V.V. , Nesturkh M.F. , Roginsky I. Ya. Anthropology. Short course. - M .: Uchpedgiz, 1941 .-- 380 p.
• Roginsky I. Ya. N. N. Miklouho-Maclay. - M .: Pravda Publishing House, 1948. - 24 p.
• Roginsky Ya. Ya. New theories of the origin of man. - M .: Pravda Publishing House, 1948. - 29 p.
• Roginsky Ya. Ya. Theories of monocentrism and polycentrism in the problem of the origin of modern man and his races. - M .: Publishing house Mosk. University, 1949 .-- 155 p.
• Roginsky Ya. Ya., Levin M.G. Anthropology. - M .: Publishing house Mosk. University, 1955. - 502 p. (2nd edition: M .: Higher school, 1963. - 485 pp .; 3rd edition: M .: Higher school, 1978. - 530 p.)
• Roginsky I. Ya. Problems of anthropogenesis. - M .: Higher school, 1969. - 263 p. (2nd edition: M .: Higher School, 1977. - 264 p.)
• Roginsky Ya. Ya. On the origins of art. - M .: Publishing house Mosk. University, 1982. - 32 p.

Articles

• Roginsky Ya. Ya. Rejuvenation in the process of human evolution (exposition and criticism of the theory of L. Bolk) // Anthropological journal , 1933, No. 3.
• Roginsky Ya. Ya. On the question of periodization of the process of human evolution // Anthropological journal , 1936, No. 3.
• Roginsky Ya. Ya. The problem of the origin of Homo sapiens (according to the works of the last decade) // Successes of modern biology , 1938, vol. IX, no. fourteen). - S. 132-133.
• Roginsky Ya. Ya. Some problems of the later stage of human evolution in modern anthropology // Tr. Institute of Ethnography, USSR Academy of Sciences , 1947, v. 2.
• Roginsky Ya. Ya. On the question of the antiquity of modern man (the place of the Svanombian skull in the hominid system) // Soviet Ethnography , 1947, No. 3.
• Roginsky Ya. Ya. The origin of modern man and the theory of "polycentrism" // Soviet Ethnography , 1947, No. 1.
• Roginsky Ya. Ya. Patterns of the spatial distribution of blood groups in humans // Transactions of the N. N. Miklukho-Maklaya Institute of Ethnography. New series. Volume I. In memory of D.N. Anuchin (1843-1923). - M.-L.: Acad. Sciences of the USSR, 1947.
• Roginsky Ya. Ya. Speech at a meeting on the origin of Homo sapiens // KSE, 1950, No. 9.
• Roginsky Ya. Ya. Main anthropological issues in the problem of the origin of modern man // TIE. M., 1951. T. 16.
• Roginsky Ya. Ya. On the question of the transition from Neanderthal to modern type of person // Soviet Ethnography , 1954, No. 1.
• Roginsky Ya. Ya. Morphological features of the skull of a child from the Late Mesters layer of Staroselye Cave // Soviet Ethnography , 1954, No. 1.
• Roginsky Ya. Ya. Some problems of human origin // Soviet Ethnography , 1956, No. 4.
• Roginsky Ya. Ya. On some general questions of the theory of anthropogenesis // Questions of Philosophy , 1957, No. 2.
• Roginsky Ya. Ya. On the problem of “prespience” in modern literature // Soviet Ethnography , 1959, No. 6.
• Roginsky Ya. Ya. On the formation of body proportions by strengthening growth gradients (in connection with the problem of anthropogenesis) // Questions of Anthropology , 1960, no. 2.
• Roginsky Ya. Ya. 1964. The problem of the ancestral home of man of the modern type // Science and Humanity , 1964, vol. 3. - S. 36-52.
• Roginsky Ya. Ya. 1965. The study of Paleolithic art and anthropology // Questions of anthropology , 1965, vol. 21. - S. 151-158.
• Roginsky Ya. Ya. Palestinian and related forms of hominids // Fossil hominids and the origin of man. - M .: Nauka, 1966. - (Tr. Institute of Ethnography, USSR Academy of Sciences, new ser., Vol. 92). - S. 182-204.
• Roginsky Ya. Ya. Non-European paleoanthropes // Fossil hominids and the origin of man. - M .: Nauka, 1966. - (Tr. Institute of Ethnography, USSR Academy of Sciences, new ser., Vol. 92). - S. 205—226.

• 3alkind N.G. 75th anniversary of the birth of J. Ya. Roginsky // Questions of Anthropology , 1970, issue. 36.
• Yakov Yakovlevich Roginsky: Man and Scientist: Collection. On the occasion of the 100th anniversary of birth / Ed. ed. V.P. Readers. - M .: Mosk. state Univ., 1997 .-- 143 p.