Nikolaev, Anatoly Vasilyevich

After school, he first enters the Crimean University, where he studied in 1920–1922, then being transferred to Leningrad State University (natural department), which he graduated in 1924 . Already during his studies, he worked at various chemical plants in Leningrad - at the Leninskaya Iskra plant, at the pilot plant of the State Institute of Applied Chemistry (GIPH), at the Mining and Metallurgical Laboratory of the Supreme Economic Council , at a special commission for the study of natural production forces in Russia. Another student actively participated in the release of scientific collections (collection "Nonmetallic Minerals"). In 1931, A.V. Nikolaev, as an outstanding young specialist, received recommendations from famous scientists - academicians A.E. Fersman , V.I. Vernadsky , N.S. Kurnakov - to be appointed head of the Kulunda expedition of the USSR Academy of Sciences, activity which influenced the creation of important for the industry Kuchuksky sulphate plant. Since 1934 , the scientist began working at the Institute of General and Inorganic Chemistry of the USSR Academy of Sciences in the department of salt equilibria. Already in 1935 , he published his own monograph “Kulundinsky salt lakes”, which allows him in 1936 to receive the degree of Candidate of Chemical Sciences without defending a dissertation, since the monograph substantiated the new theory of river sulphate accumulation and the genesis of the Indians borates. ^[one]

During the Great Patriotic War, A. V. Nikolaev turned to the study of the formation of protective films on salts, summarizing his research in a monograph. In 1944 , on the basis of his research, special earthen tanks were created for water , gasoline , and petroleum products . Back in 1941, the scientist became a doctor of chemical sciences for the work "Physico-chemical study of natural borates", also executed in the monograph. It is this work in 1947 was awarded the Prize of the USSR Academy of Sciences. V.I. Vernadsky.

After World War II, he turned to issues of radiochemistry . In 1944— 1958 - Professor of the Moscow Chemical Technology Institute. DI Mendeleev ^[2] and, in parallel ( 1945 - 1954 ), - Head of the Department of the Moscow Institute of Nonferrous Metals and Gold . M. I. Kalinina . During this period, A. V. Nikolaev moves closer to M. A. Lavrentiev , becoming a member of his “team” focused on the development of science in Siberia. Having moved to Novosibirsk , in 1957 he became the director of the newly formed Institute of Inorganic Chemistry of the Siberian Branch of the USSR Academy of Sciences . It organizes physical and chemical laboratories, a department of semiconductors (later - a department of materials for microelectronics ). Since 1958 - Corresponding Member of the USSR Academy of Sciences. In 1958 - 1963 - Chairman of the Joint Scientific Council of the USSR Academy of Sciences in Chemical Sciences. 1960 —1963 - Head of the Department of Analytical Chemistry and then Radiochemistry of the NSU . In the early 60s. A. V. Nikolaev organized and headed the scientific council on extraction processes at the State Committee on Science and Technology at the Council of Ministers of the USSR , being also the vice-chairman of the scientific council on hydrometallurgy. Since 1966 - full member of the USSR Academy of Sciences.

A. V. Nikolaev was actively involved in the development of science and industry in the country. He was chairman of the commission at the Siberian Branch of the USSR Academy of Sciences for the study of the salt resources of Siberia and the Far East, organized in 1967-1968. two expeditions of the Institute of Inorganic Chemistry of the Siberian Branch of the Academy of Sciences of the USSR to the salt-bearing areas of the Southern Altai and the East Kazakhstan Region . The scientist was also engaged in the nuclear industry, developing and synthesizing volatile compounds of hafnium and zirconium based on boron and its derivatives. He organized the Institute of Chemistry and Chemical Technology in Krasnoyarsk , a complex department in chemistry in Kemerovo . Actively participating in scientific research, he was the editor-in-chief of the Journal of Structural Chemistry, News of the Siberian Branch of the USSR Academy of Sciences, Series of Chemical Sciences, a member of the editorial board of the international journal Journal of the thermal analysis. In 1972, he was awarded the gold medal of the Exhibition of Economic Achievements of National Economy for deciphering the electronic structure of extragens and sorbents by X-ray spectroscopy ; in 1977 , he received an award from the Academy of Sciences of the USSR. N. S. Kurnakov.

In recent years, A. V. Nikolaev turned to the synthesis of new inorganic substances and materials, pure and especially pure substances. It develops the production of inorganic fluorides, fluorides of precious metals , coordination compounds. He was a pioneer in the creation of fully automated thermal analysis systems, collaborating in this direction with the leading scientific schools of Hungary ( Professor E. Pungor, Ph.D. F. Paulik) and Czechoslovakia (Professor V. Sotava, Dr. Sestak).

He was buried in Novosibirsk at the South Cemetery .

• 1927-1931 - He opened a powerful reservoir of salts in the Tavolzhansk lakes and put them into operation.
• 1932—1934 - Scout and explore the salt reserves on the lake. Kuchuksky, which made it possible to start designing the Kuchuksky sulphate plant ( Altai Territory ), which entered service in 1958
• 1935-1936 - Created the theory of "river sulphate accumulation", explaining the occurrence of sulfate deposits in nature.
• 1936 - In the article “On the Physico-Chemical Study of Inferral Borates”, he substantiated the genesis of the deposit, suggested the important role of hydrogen bonds in the structure of borates.
• 1937 - Using the method of thermography, he discovered the existence of borate rearrangement, which is now called the "Nikolayev regrouping".
• 1940 - Together with A. M. Rubinshtein, he showed that due to the thermodynamic instability, cis-diammines of platinum are easily transformed into trans-diammines.
• 1944 - Together with L. G. Berg and E. Ya. Rode, he published the monograph Thermography, which was a reference book for a whole generation of chemists.
• 1947 - Published the monograph "Physico-chemical study of natural borates."
• 1949-1957 - He led the study of radioactive elements formed as a result of the division of U and Pu ( La , Ce , Th , Pr ). Received spectrally pure 147Se, 147Pr. He proposed the so-called buffer method for obtaining easily filtered sediments.
• 1957 - Headed research in the field of chemistry and physical chemistry of extraction processes. These methods have found application in industry.
• 1959-1962 - Together with the staff proposed a new class of extractants - pyridine derivatives and sulfoxides - for the extraction of uranyl ion from aqueous solutions. He proposed chlorex (b, b'-dichlorodiethyl ether) as an extractant, which, together with the employee B. I. Peshchevitsky, applied on an industrial scale to obtain ultrapure gold - 99.9999%.
• 1961 - Together with the staff, he published a textbook for high school “Protection against radioactive radiation”, which played an important role in the training of qualified specialists.
• 1965-1975 - Together with a collaborator L. M. Gindinym studied ion-exchange extraction. The mechanism of the process was clarified and the series of extractability of cations were constructed. He introduced a number of extraction processes for the production of highly pure metals at the Norilsk Mining and Metallurgical Combine.
• 1967-1970 - Together with A. A. Opalovsky, he performed a series of works on the synthesis and thermographic study of inorganic fluorides. He developed equipment for the thermal analysis of fast reactions (flash, burning), in which he used low-inertia thermocouples with boron nitride coating.
• 1969 - Together with co-authors published a "Short course of radiochemistry."
• 1970-1972 - Lead a series of studies on the deciphering of the electronic structure of extractants and sorbents by X-ray spectroscopy.
• 1975 - Together with I. I. Yakovlev published the monograph "Clathrato-formation". Discovered the existence of clathrate hydrates in the extractant-water system. ^[3]

The name of the scientist is given to the Novosibirsk Institute of Inorganic Chemistry; the street in the Novosibirsk Academgorodok is named after him, and the Prize Prize was established there. A. V. Nikolaev for young scientists of the SB RAS. ^[four]

• Anatoly Vasilievich Nikolayev's profile on the official website of the Russian Academy of Sciences
• Anatoly Vasilievich Nikolaev, site of the Institute of Inorganic Chemistry. A. V. Nikolaev SB RAS
• A. V. Nikolaev on the site of the branch of the SPSTL SB RAS
• Personal page on the site Photo Archive of the SB RAS
• A. V. Nikolaev in the book Russian Academy of Sciences. Siberian Branch: Personal composition / Comp. E. G. Vodichev et al. - Novosibirsk: Science, 2007. - 601 pp., Ill.
• "Academician A.V. Nikolaev" - fragments from a book prepared by the team of the Institute of Inorganic Chemistry SB RAS
• Gallery of Russian chemists. Nikolaev Anatoly Vasilyevich
• Anatoly Vasilievich Nikolaev
• A. V. Nikolaev, a selection of entries