Mayevka - in Russia until 1917, an illegal meeting of revolutionary-minded workers organized in the countryside on May 1 [1] . Initially, May Day was associated with a meeting of spring - festivities , family and friendly outings, picnics, calendar dated to the first days of May [2] . Also in the USSR, it was called a picnic in nature with barbecue.
History
Initially, the May 1 celebrations were associated with the meeting of spring and were called “May Day” - festive celebrations , family and friendly outings, picnics, calendarly timed to the first days of May [2] .
Three thousand years ago, the inhabitants of Ancient Italy worshiped the goddess Maya , the patroness of the earth and fertility. In honor of the goddess, the last spring month was called May , and on the first day of this month, celebrations were held so that the work expended in the spring - plowing the land and sowing - was not in vain.
Among the Celtic peoples, May 1 was celebrated as a cattle-breeding holiday of Beltan , associated with the cult of the sun, during which huge bonfires were lit on hilltops and prayers were addressed to the sun. Among Germanic and Slavic (western and southern) peoples, the day is associated with the “ May tree ”, “May green”, the choice of “ May Queen ”.
In pre-revolutionary Russia, an illegal meeting of workers organized outside the city on May 1 was called a May Day. Such t-shirts were pursued by the tsarist police [3] .
In 1890, the Lviv May Day was held - the first May Day in the territory of present-day Ukraine [4] . The first proletarian May Day in the Russian Empire took place in St. Petersburg in 1891. The first proletarian May Day in Moscow took place in 1895 [5] . In 1900, the Kharkov May Day took place, in which several thousand workers took part [6] .
See also
- Yeremey harnesser
Notes
- ↑ Mayevka // Explanatory Dictionary of Ushakov. D.N. Ushakov. 1935-1940.
- ↑ 1 2 May Day (unavailable link) . Date of treatment April 16, 2014. Archived May 18, 2015.
- ↑ Mayevka // Explanatory Dictionary of the Russian Language : in 4 volumes / chap. ed. B. M. Volin , D. N. Ushakov (t. 2-4); comp. G. O. Vinokur , B. A. Larin , S. I. Ozhegov , B. V. Tomashevsky , D. N. Ushakov ; under the editorship of D.N. Ushakova . - M .: State Institute "Soviet Encyclopedia" (t. 1): OGIZ (t. 1): State Publishing House of Foreign and National Dictionaries (t. 2-4), 1935-1940.
- ↑ K.K. Kondratyuk. Lviv Maivka 1890 // Encyclopedia of History of Ukraine . - K .: Naukova Dumka , 2009. - T. 6. L — Mi. - S. 342. - ISBN 978-966-00-1028-1 . (Ukrainian)
- ↑ Polevoy Yu. 3. V. I. Lenin and the Moscow organization of the Bolsheviks during its inception
- ↑ Kharkov May Day 1900 // Great Soviet Encyclopedia : [in 30 vol.] / Ch. ed. A.M. Prokhorov . - 3rd ed. - M .: Soviet Encyclopedia, 1969-1978.