Aronia Michurina , or Aronia [2] [3] ( lat. Arónia mitschurínii ) - fruit shrub, hybridogenic species of the genus Aronia of the family Pink .
| Aronia Michurin | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
 The fruits of the chokeberry Michurin | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Aronia mitschurinii | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Content
Title
The species was named by A. K. Skvortsov and Yu. K. Maytulina in honor of its creator, Russian biologist and breeder Ivan Vladimirovich Michurin [4] .
Botanical Description
Shrub up to 2 m tall with gray bark.
Leaves are broadly elliptical or obovate, dark green, shiny, with a sharp apex, serrate or fine-toothed along the edge, on top of the middle vein with dark red papillary glands. Petioles 4-10 mm long [2] .
The flowers are white, about 12 mm in diameter, collected in corymbose inflorescences with densely hairy twigs.
Fruits (apples) are spherical, black or black-purple, shiny, juicy, 6-12 mm in diameter, usually with eight seeds [2] .
Tetraploid , 2n = 68 [2] .
Flowering from late May to mid-June, fruiting in September [3] .
Comparative characteristics of chokeberry chokeberry and Michurin chokeberry [5]
| Sign | Chokeberry chokeberry | Aronia Michurin |
|---|---|---|
| Bush height, m | 0.5-1 | 1-3 |
| The length of the leaf blade, cm | 1.9-5.9 | 4.2-5.6 |
| The width of the leaf blade, cm | 1,0—2,1 | 2.4-3.4 |
| Leaf blade shape | oval to lanceolate | elliptical, obovate |
| Ratio of length to width of leaf blade | 1.9-3.1 | 1.5-1.8 |
| The number of flowers in the inflorescence, pcs. | 4-6 | 12–35 |
| Corolla diameter, cm | 0.4-0.6 | ~ 1.2 |
| Fetal shape | oval to pear-shaped | spherical, slightly flattened |
| Fetal surface | brilliant | matte |
| Size and weight of the fetus, g | small: 0.38-0.84 | average: 1.15-1.25 |
| The taste and juiciness of the fruit | inedible, dryish | edible, juicy, sweet and sour |
| Variability of signs of leaves, flowers, fruits | high | missing |
| Ploidy | diploid (2n = 34) | tetraploid (2n = 68) |
| Breeding | amphymictic | apomictic |
| Cold resistance according to A. Raeder | moderate (IV zone) | high (II zone) |
Distribution
It is cultivated in the gardens and parks of Central and Eastern Europe , Scandinavia , the North Caucasus , Western and Eastern Siberia , the Far East as a fruit and ornamental plant, often runs wild, meeting in forests, forest glades and edges, among shrubs [2] .
Origin
The species was bred in the 90s of the XIX century in the nursery of I. V. Michurin near the city of Kozlov, Tambov province , but at present it has completely stabilized due to apomixis [6] .
It comes from the hybridization of chokeberry aronia ( Aronia melanocarpa ) and, possibly, cholony aronia ( Aronia × prunifolia ) [2] .
| Aronia melanocarpa ( Michx. ) Elliott 2n = 34 | ||||||||||||||||
| Aronia mitschurinii AKSkvortsov & Maitul. 2n = 68 | ||||||||||||||||
| Aronia arbutifolia ( L. ) Pers. 2n = 34 | ||||||||||||||||
| ? Aronia × prunifolia ( Marshall ) Rehder 2n = 34 | ||||||||||||||||
| Aronia melanocarpa ( Michx. ) Elliott 2n = 34 | ||||||||||||||||
According to other sources, it comes from the hybridization of chokeberry aronia ( Aronia melanocarpa ) and common mountain ash ( Sorbus aucuparia ) [7] , in which case the species is placed in the notorode Sorbaronia ( × Sorbaronia ) or to the F1 hybrid between them - × Sorbaronia fallax (CKSchneid.) CKSchneid . , 1906 ( Sorbaronia deceiving ) [8] , or as an apomictic backcross in an independent form - × Sorbaronia mitschurinii ( AKSkvortsov & Maitul. ) Sennikov , 2013 ( Sorbaronia Michurina ) [9] .
Meaning and Application
Fruit and berry, medicinal and melliferous culture [3] .
Notes
- ↑ For the conventionality of specifying the class of dicotyledons as a superior taxon for the plant group described in this article, see the APG Systems section of the Dicotyledonous article .
- ↑ 1 2 3 4 5 6 Tsvelev, 2001 , p. 555.
- ↑ 1 2 3 Kiseleva, Mayorov, 2007 , p. 98.
- ↑ Skvortsov, Maitulina, 1982 , p. 40.
- ↑ Kuklina A.G. Naturalization of Michurin's chokeberry in the forests of the European part of Russia // Forestry information. - 2015. - No. 2 .
- ↑ Skvortsov, Maytulina, Gorbunov, 1983 , p. 89.
- ↑ Leonard PJ, Brand MH, Connolly BA, Obae SG Investigation of the Origin of Aronia mitschurinii using Amplified Fragment Length Polymorphism Analysis // HortScience. - 2013 .-- Vol. 48, No. 5 . - P. 520-524.
- ↑ Leonard PJ Aronia mitschurinii: Solving a Horticultural Enigma . - University of Connecticut, 2011 .-- XI + 96 p. - (Master's Theses. Paper 183).
- ↑ Sennikov AN, Phipps JB Atlas Florae Europaeae notes, 19 - 22. Nomenclatural changes and taxonomic adjustments in some native and introduced species of Malinae (Rosaceae) in Europe // Willdenowia - Annals of the Botanic Garden and Botanical Museum Berlin-Dahlem. - 2013 .-- Vol. 43, No. 1 . - P. 33-44. - DOI : 10.3372 / wi.43.43104 .
Literature
- Vinogradova Yu. K., Kuklin A. G. Aroniya Michurina: from creation to naturalization . - M. , 2014.
- Skvortsov A.K., Maytulina Yu.K. On the differences between the cultivated black chokeberry and its wild ancestors // Bulletin of the Main Botanical Garden: journal. - 1982. - Issue. 126 . - S. 35-40 . - ISSN 0366-502X .
- Skvortsov A.K., Maytulina Yu.K., Gorbunov Yu. N. On the place, time and possible mechanism of the emergence of cultural aronia chokeberry // Bulletin of the Moscow Society of Nature Testers. Biological Department: Journal. - 1983. - T. 88 , No. 3 . - S. 88-96 . - ISSN 0027-1403 .
- Kiseleva K.V., Mayorov S.R. Part 1. Trees and shrubs // Flora of Moscow / Under the general. ed. V.S. Novikova. - M .: Golden-Bee, 2007. - S. 27-116. - 512 s. - 3000 copies. - ISBN 978-5-901124-30-7 .
- Tsvelev N.N. Genus 35. Aronia - Aronia Medik. // Flora of Eastern Europe / Ed. ed. N.N. Tsvelev. - SPb. : Peace and family; Publishing House of SPKhFA, 2001. - T. X. - S. 555–556. - 670 s. - 700 copies. - ISBN 5-8085-0122-9 .
Links
- Sorbaronia Michurina : information on the taxon in the Plantarium project (a identifier of plants and an illustrated atlas of species). (Retrieved August 3, 2014)