Kharachins, Kharchins ( Mong. Kharchin ) - the name of one of the tribes of the southern Mongols . They live in the territory of Inner Mongolia , the province of China, Liaoning , as well as in Mongolia and Buryatia itself . According to the Ethnologue handbook, the number of kharachins is 593 thousand people [1] .
| Kharachins | |
|---|---|
| Modern self-name | Kharchin |
| Abundance and area | |
 Mongolia  Buryatia | |
| Language | Mongolian , Buryat |
| Religion | Buddhism , shamanism |
| Included in | Mongolian peoples |
| Related peoples | Tumet , Khorchins , Baarins , Aohan |
| Origin | Mongolian |
Content
- 1 Ethnonym
- 2 Brief historical information
- 3 Resettlement
- 4 See also
- 5 notes
- 6 References
Ethnonym
During the Yuan Empire , the Kharachins got their name due to their occupation. Their men were herdsmen, and women were milkmaids of the herd of Kublai Khan. Almost all the animals in the herd were black suits or “hara,” especially the mare. Therefore, these people began to be called "kharchin" or herdsmen of black mares. The word “khar” means “black,” and “-h” or “-chin” is the suffix of the Mongolian language used to denote professions [2] .
Brief Historical Information
The Kharchin tribe during the Yuan Empire lived on the territory of modern Khovd aimak of Mongolia , and at the end of the 16th century migrated to the south of the Gobi and joined the Yunshiebuz tumen [2] [3] .
The Kharchin tribe consists of three parts, that is, clans. Children, princes, grandchildren, and taiji khans are called Sharnuud Kharchin; the sons, grandchildren of officials and ministers are the Bornuarch Kharchin, and the servants and ordinary people from different parts of the Mongol Empire , including several absorbed ethnic groups, such as the Jurchen and the Chinese Han , are called Harnuud Kharchin. Sharnuud Kharchins are the ancestors of the eastern (zүүn) Tumets and Kharchins living today in the province of Liaoning [2] .
During the reign of the Manchus , some Kharchin families, on the orders of the Qing emperor, moved from Chuulalt Haalgan to Uliastai (the center of the present Zavhan aimak) [2] .
At the beginning of the twentieth century in the People's Liberation Movement of Bogdan-Khan Mongolia from the Manchu invaders actively participated from Inner Mongolia kharchins, chahars and barguts . The most famous representative of the Kharchin-Mongols of the beginning of the 20th century was Shudarga-Bator Bavuuzhav or Kharchin-gan Bavuuzhav (August 18–10, 1916), a military and political figure of the Bogdan-Khan Mongolia period, pan-Mongolist [2] .
Settlement
The Kharachins live on the territory of Hoshun Kharachin-Qi , Chifeng County, Inner Mongolia , and the Kharachin-Zoi-Mongol Autonomous County of Chaoyang County, Liaoning Province. Most of the Mongols living in Liaoning Province are harachins [2] .
The Kharchins are part of the Uver Mongols [1] (Baga Kharachin, Kharachud, Ehe Kharachun) [4] , Khalkha Mongols , Derbets , Bayats , Zakhchins , Altai Uryanhai (genus Kharchin Nutszhed) [5] , Yunshiebu [3] . On the territory of the somon Bulgan aimak Khovd , the genus Kharchu is registered [6] . Among the Buryats, Kharchins are known as part of the following ethnic groups : Sartul , Songhol [7] , Khori -Buryats (Khuhur Kharchin in the genus galzuud) [8] , and Selenga Buryats [9] . The Kharchins settled in Afghanistan formed one of the tribes in the Hazaras - qarqin [10] .
In modern Mongolia, the holders of the generic name Kharchin live on the territory of all aimaks [11] . In addition to the actual Kharchin, Borjigon Kharchin, Khalkh Kharchin, Kharagch, Haragchid, Kharagchin, Haragchu, Kharagchud, Kharachud, Kharachuud, Kharch Kharchin, Kharchin Kharchin, Kharchin Kharchin, Kharchin Kharchin, Kharchin Kharchin, Kharchin Kharchin, Kharchit, Kharchu, Kharchud, Kharchun, Kharchut, Kharchuud, Kharchin Ball [12] .
See also
- Kharachin Qi
- Kharachin-Zoi-Mongol Autonomous County
Notes
- ↑ 1 2 Mongolian, Peripheral . Ethnologue. Date of treatment December 5, 2018.
- ↑ 1 2 3 4 5 6 Maidar Sosorbaram. Who are the Kharchins . asiarussia.ru. Date of treatment July 1, 2019.
- ↑ 1 2 Ochir A. Mongolian ethnonyms: questions of the origin and ethnic composition of the Mongolian peoples / Doctor of History E.P. Bakaev, Doctor of History K.V. Orlova. - Elista: KIGI RAS, 2016 .-- 286 p. - ISBN 978-5-903833-93-1 .
- ↑ Mongol ovog aymguud . Date of treatment January 4, 2019.
- ↑ Nanzatov B.Z. Ethnic composition and resettlement of the peoples of the Mongolian Altai and Prikhubsugul at the beginning of the 20th century // Bulletin of the Irkutsk State University. Series: Geoarchaeology. Ethnology. Anthropology. - 2013. - No. 2 .
- ↑ Bakaeva E.P. Torguts of Mongolia: Ethnic Composition and Ethnic Markers // Problems of Ethnic History and Culture of Turkic-Mongolian Peoples. - 2009. - No. 1 . - S. 69-86 . - ISSN 2500-1531 .
- ↑ Tsydendambaev Ts. B. Buryat historical chronicles and genealogies. Historical and linguistic research. - Ulan-Ude: Buryat book publishing house, 1972. - 664 p.
- ↑ Nanzatov B.Z., Sodnompilova M.M. Khorinsky Steppe Duma in the 19th century (ethnic composition and resettlement of Khorinsky Buryats) // Bulletin of the BSC SB RAS. - 2016. - No. 3 (23) .
- ↑ Nanzatov B.Z. The tribal structure is drilled in the 19th century // Peoples and cultures of Siberia. Interaction as a factor in the formation and modernization. - 2003. - S. 15-27 .
- ↑ Project Gutenberg. Hazara tribes | Project Gutenberg Self-Publishing - eBooks | Read eBooks online . self.gutenberg.org. Date accessed August 22, 2018.
- ↑ Ү э э э Хор Хор Хор Хор Хор Хор оо оо. Kharchin . Э э э э Хор Хор Хор Хор Хор Хор оо оо. Date of treatment July 2, 2019.
- ↑ Ү э э э э Хор Хор Хор Хор оо не Э э э э Хор Хор Хор Хор Хор Хор оо оо. Date of treatment July 2, 2019.
Links
- Who are the kharchins .
- Mongolian, Peripheral. Ethnologue .
- Thomas E. Ewing. Ch'ing pilices in Outer Mongolia 1900-1911 // Modern Asian Studies. - Cambridge University Press, 1980. - Vol. 14, No. 1. - pp. 145-147.