Tundutovo

The village is located at the junction of two physical and geographical provinces: the Ergeninsky Upland and the Sarpinsky Lowland , in the valley of the Gryaznaya River (Almata). The average height is 28 m above sea level ^[1] . The river divides the village into two unequal parts. Most of the village is located on the right bank of the river. The terrain is flat, with a slight slope to the channel of the Gryaznaya river ^[3] .

By road, the distance to the capital of Kalmykia, the city of Elista is 190 km, to the district center of the village of Small Derbets - 1 km, to the nearest city of Volgograd, Volgograd region - 100 km, to the border with the Volgograd region - 19 km ^[4] .

Climate

According to the Köppen-Geiger climate classification, the village is located in the continental climate zone with relatively cold winters and hot summers (Dfa) ^[1] . The average annual air temperature is + 8.9 ° C. The average temperature of the hottest month of June is + 24.8 ° C, the coldest month of January is 6.8 ° C. The estimated long-term rainfall is 346 mm. During the year, the amount of precipitation is distributed relatively evenly: the least amount of precipitation falls in October (21 mm), the largest - in June (37 mm) ^[5] . In the vicinity of the village, solonetzes are common in combination with light chestnut solonetzic loamy soils ^[6] .

On December 30, 1846, Emperor Nicholas I issued a Decree on the settlement of roads in the Kalmyk lands of the Astrakhan province , ordering the establishment of 44 villages along the six roads crossing Kalmyk lands, settling 50 Kalmyk and 50 Russian families in each of them. The government hoped to create settlements: firstly, to populate the most important land arteries connecting the center of Russia with the North Caucasus , where military operations were then taking place, secondly, to give impetus to the economic development of the region, and thirdly, with the help of Russian peasants, transfer Kalmyks to a settled image life and to train them in agriculture, and, fourthly, to arrange on Kalmyk lands part of the low-land peasants ^[7] .

According to the decree, 30 acres of land and one fifth of the reserve were allotted to each settler. Allocated Kalmyks allocated land should be provided for eternal use, in addition, they retained the right to participate in cattle grazing on common lands allocated to uluses ^[8] .

In June 1847, a place was determined for the future village . The place was reserved in the tract Almata , located 25 miles from the village of Tsatsi. There were grasslands and the reeds and clay necessary for the construction and fuel, and the source of drinking water - the Elmata (Gryaznaya) river and springs ^[7] .

In the spring of 1848, the first sections were delimited. The first settlers arrived from the Astrakhan villages: Raigorodsky , Solodnikov, Oak Ravine , Tsats . The second name - Tundutovo - received the village, since it was next to the personal possessions of the Maloderbetovsky noyon (prince) Tundutov ^[9] . In 1851, the first garden was laid out in the village. In 1855, 59 Russians and 16 Kalmyk families lived in the village ^[7] .

In 1854, Tundutovo became the center of the Tundut volost of the Chernoyarsk district of the Astrakhan province, the volost included the villages of Plodovitoye , Sadovoye , Tsatsa (later separated into a separate volost). Since 1860 it is a village ^[7] . By 1870, 1,767 souls already lived in the village, there were 250 yards ^[9] . Since the 60s of the XIX century, the Orthodox parish of the Ascension of the Lord operated in the village.

In 1873 a parish school was opened. The parish was closed at the end of December 1937 ^[10] .

As of 1900, 20729 acres of convenient and 39510 uncomfortable land were assigned to the village, there were 405 yards, 2862 residents lived ^[11] .

From 1920 to 1930, the village of Tundutovo was the administrative center of the Maloderbetovsky ulus ^[12] .

During the Great Patriotic War, about 600 people left the village. In 1945, only 95 people returned from the front to the village. 464 soldiers died. On August 10, 1942, the village was occupied by Romanian and German troops. There was a hospital in the local school building where the wounded Romanians lay. It was liberated by the Soviet troops on November 13, 1942 ^[13] .

By a decree of the Presidium of the USSR Armed Forces dated December 27, 1943 “On the Elimination of the Kalmyk ASSR and the Formation of the Astrakhan Region within the RSFSR”, like other settlements of the Maloderbetovsky ulus of Kalmykia, the village was included in the Stalingrad Region . It was returned to Kalmykia on the basis of the Decree of the Presidium of the USSR Armed Forces dated 01.01.1957 “On the Formation of the Kalmyk Autonomous Region within the RSFSR”

In 1960, by the decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Council of the RSFSR, the village of Tundutovo was renamed Gorodovikovo ^[14] .

In 1964, the school moved to a new building. In 1966, the school became secondary ^[13] .

The exact date of the return of the historical name has not been established.

Population dynamics

There is a natural population decline of −4 people. year per 1000 inhabitants. The ratio of men and women is, respectively, 48.9% and 51.1% ^[9] .

National composition

National composition: Russians - 86.0%, Kalmyks - 0.2%, other nationalities - 13.8% ^[9] .

According to the 2002 census, the majority of the population of the village were Russians (86%) ^[29]

The village has several shops, there are cultural institutions (village club, library) and education (Tundutov secondary school and kindergarten) ^[30] . Medical services for residents are provided by a medical outpatient clinic and the Maloderbetov Central District Hospital.

The village is electrified, gasified, a centralized water supply system is in operation ^[30] .

The village has an Orthodox community. The Church of the Ascension of the Lord operates (the parish was recreated in 1997 in the building of the former collective farm government) ^[10] .

• Efentiev, Vasily Yakovlevich (1905-1982) - Hero of Socialist Labor.
• Konovalov, Sergey Vladimirovich (1937-2001) - Hero of Socialist Labor.