Zhargon ( fr. Jargon ) - sociolect ; differs from common language with specific vocabulary and phraseology , expressiveness of turnovers and special use of word-formation means, but not having its own phonetic and grammatical system.
Slang - slang words or expressions. [one]
Part of the slang vocabulary is not one, but many (including those that have already disappeared) belonging to social groups. Turning from one jargon to another, the words of their “common fund” can change the form and meaning: “darken” in argot - hide prey, then - cheat (during interrogation), in modern youth slang it is not clear to say, to avoid the answer.
The vocabulary of slang is built on the basis of a literary language through rethinking, metaphorization, reshaping, sound truncation, etc., as well as the active assimilation of foreign words and morphemes. For example: “cool” - fashionable, business, “hut” - flat, “bucks” - dollars, “car” - car, “jerk” - go, “basketball” - basketball, “ dude ” - guy (from the Gypsy language ) . In modern language, jargon is widespread, especially in the language of youth.
Social jargon first appeared in the XVIII century among the nobles (“salon” jargon; example: “pleisir” - pleasure).
Content
Professional Slang
Professional jargon is used by a group of people united by professional background. Often it is a set of simplified (abbreviated, shortened or figurative) words to refer to concepts and terms often used by people of a certain field of study (generally accepted literary and precise terms are usually long and therefore inconvenient for use in oral speech or do not exist at all) . It exists in almost all professional groups of people. In terms of word formation, it is similar to “ordinary” jargon, but it serves not only to express an individual’s belonging to a professional group, but also to speed up verbal communication and mutual understanding.
Types of Jargons
- Military jargon
- Journalistic jargon
- Computer slang
- Game jargon
- Network jargon
- Sapwood slang
- Fidonet's slang
- Youth slang
- Amateur Radio
- Slang Addicts
- Slang football hooligans
- Criminal jargon
- Fenya
See also
- Slang
- Argo
- Thesaurus
Notes
- ↑ Slang // Ozhegov S. I. Explanatory Dictionary of the Russian Language .
Literature
- Slang // Brockhaus and Efron Encyclopedic Dictionary : 86 tons (82 tons and 4 extra). - SPb. , 1890-1907.
- Linguistics. Big Encyclopedic Dictionary / Ch. ed. V.N. Yartseva . - 2nd ed. - M .: Great Russian Encyclopedia , 1998. - 685 pp., Ill.
- Orlova N. O. Sleng vs. Slang: The Problem of Definition // Yaroslavsky Pedagogical Gazette. - Yaroslavl: KD Ushinsky Yaroslavl State Pedagogical University , 2004. - № 3 (40) . - ISSN 1813-145X .
Links
- Kudinova, T. A. “Common Slang” in the Substandard System // Informational humanitarian portal “ Knowledge. Understanding. Skill . - 2010. - № 5 - Philology .
- Plain English Campaign Page (eng.)
- Translation Slang
- All-Russian Encyclopedia of Slang
- Large dictionary of Russian jargon