Skobeltsyn, Dmitry Vladimirovich

The son of Vladimir Vladimirovich Skobeltsyn . He graduated from the Tenishev School (1910) in 1910 - 1911, a student at the St. Petersburg Polytechnic Institute, and graduated from Petrograd University (1915).

He began his scientific activity by studying the Compton effect in the laboratories of the Petrograd University and the Polytechnic Institute (1916-1937). He worked at the Leningrad Physical-Technical Institute (1925-1939) and the Paris Laboratory of Maria Skłodowska-Curie (1929-1931).

Professor of Moscow State University Since 1940, in the spring of 1946, MV Lomonosov began to give lectures on the course "Radioactive Decay and Nuclear Reactions" for students of the department "Structure of Matter". However, already in May 1946, Skobeltsyn, by order of the Council of Ministers of the USSR, was sent to New York ^{[1] by the} responsible referent ^{[2] of the} Soviet mission in the United Nations Atomic Energy Control Commission ^[3] . He was a senior referent at the UN until 1948.

In 1948-1960 - Director of the Research Institute of Nuclear Physics of Moscow State University Director of the Physics Institute. P.N. Lebedeva RAS (1951-1972). Corresponding Member of the USSR Academy of Sciences (1939). Academician of the Academy of Sciences of the USSR (1946). Corresponding Member of the French Academy of Sciences (1943).

He was one of the academicians of the Academy of Sciences of the USSR who signed in 1973 a letter from scientists to the newspaper Pravda condemning the "behavior of Academician A. D. Sakharov ." In the letter, Sakharov was accused of “making a number of statements defaming the political system, foreign and domestic policies of the Soviet Union,” and academics rated his human rights activities as “defaming the honor and dignity of the Soviet scientist” ^{[4] [5]} .

D. V. Skobeltsyn was buried at the Novodevichy cemetery in Moscow ^[6] .

Major works on the physics of the atomic nucleus and the physics of cosmic rays . He was the first to use a Wilson gas chamber placed in a magnetic field to quantitatively study the Compton effect and cosmic rays. In 1927-1929 he discovered charged particles of cosmic rays and established the appearance of their genetically connected groups (showers), thereby laying the foundations of high-energy particle physics. In the same experiments, he first registered positrons , although he could not prove their nature (which was later done by Karl Anderson ). Since 1945, he was engaged in the study of extensive atmospheric showers of cosmic rays. Together with his students, he discovered the formation of electron-nuclear showers and the nuclear cascade process ( Stalin Prize , 1951).

• Skobeltsyn D.V. Cosmic rays, L. - M., 1936
• Skobeltsyn D.V. The twins paradox in the theory of relativity, - M., 1966

• Hero of Socialist Labor (03/13/1969)
• Six Orders of Lenin (10/29/1949; 09/19/1953; 11/23/1962; 03/13/1969; 12/02/1972; 09/17/1975)
• Order of the October Revolution (11.24.1982) ^[7]
• two orders of the Red Banner of Labor (11/04/1944; 10/06/1945)
• medals
• Lenin Prize (1982) ^[8] - for the series of works “Research on the primary cosmic radiation of ultrahigh energy” (1947-1980)
• The Stalin Prize of the first degree (1951) - for the discovery and study of electron-nuclear showers and the nuclear-cascade process in cosmic rays, set forth in a series of articles published in the journals Doklady of the Academy of Sciences of the USSR, Journal of Experimental and Theoretical Physics, and Vestnik Academy of Sciences of the USSR ”(1949-1950)
• Gold medal named after S.I. Vavilov , USSR Academy of Sciences (1952)

• Member of the Supreme Council of the USSR, 4-8th convocations
• In 1950-1955 - Chairman of the Committee on International Stalin Prizes
• Member of the Pugwash Peace Scientists Movement

• Nuclear Physics Research Institute D.V. Skobeltsyna

• Dmitry Vladimirovich Skobeltsyn (on his sixtieth birthday) // UFN . - 1953.- T. 49 . - S. 296-299 .
• V.I. Veksler . Dmitry Vladimirovich Skobeltsyn (on his seventieth birthday) // UFN . - 1962.- T. 78 . - S. 539-544 .
• N. G. Basov , S. N. Vernov , A. I. Isakov. Dmitry Vladimirovich Skobeltsyn (on his eightieth birthday) // UFN . - 1972.- T. 108 . - S. 771–772 .
• N. G. Basov et al. Dmitry Vladimirovich Skobeltsyn (on the occasion of his ninetieth birthday) // Uspekhi Fiz . - 1982.- T. 138 . - S. 535–536 .
• A. M. Baldin and others. In memory of Dmitry Vladimirovich Skobeltsyn // UFN . - 1991 .-- T. 161 . - S. 183–186 .
• On the 120th birthday of Academician D.V. Skobeltsyn // UFN . - 2013 .-- T. 183 . - S. 423–444 .
• Hramov Yu. A. Skobeltsyn Dmitry Vladimirovich // Physicists: Biographical Reference / Ed. A.I. Akhiezer . - Ed. 2nd, rev. and add. - M .: Nauka , 1983 .-- S. 247. - 400 p. - 200,000 copies. (per.)
• G. Zatsepin , G. Khristiansen , Dmitry Vladimirovich Skobeltsyn // Physics Today , May 1992, pp. 74–76.
• The long life of a scientist, G. T. Zatsepin, I. L. Rosenthal, A. E. Chudakov, ELLFI Journal.

Skobeltsyn, Dmitry Vladimirovich (Russian) . Site " Heroes of the country ".

• Profile of Dmitry Vladimirovich Skobeltsyn on the official website of the RAS
• Biographical information on the site of IP ARAN