Aulim , A-Lulim or A-lu-lim ( noise. A 2- lu-lim - “male reindeer” [1] or “ox”) - the first semi - mythical pre - dynastic king of the Sumerians , who reigned in the first antediluvian city of Ancient Sumer Eridu , located in the south of Mesopotamia . It was probably attributed to him of divine origin.
| Aulim | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| noise. a 2- lu-lim | |||||||
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| Predecessor | - | ||||||
| Successor | Alalgar | ||||||
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| Predecessor | - | ||||||
| Successor | Alalgar | ||||||
The reign may refer to the period of Djemdet-Nasr (XXX century BC), which ended in a flood. Excavations in Iraq revealed evidence of local flooding in the area of Shuruppak and other Sumerian cities. Layers of river sediments, dated by the radiocarbon method approximately 2900 BC. er , interrupt the continuity of settlements, expanding far north to the city of Kish . The polychrome ceramics of the Dzhemdet-Nasr period was found directly below the flood layers. [2] Alulim is considered to be the legendary ruler of the Sumerians, since his existence is not confirmed by other sources, except the Nippur royal list :
| Transliteration | Transfer |
|---|---|
1. [nam] -lugal an-ta ed 3 -de 3 -a-ba | 1. After royal power was sent down from heaven, |
In different versions of the Tsar's list, the duration of the reign of Alulima is noticeably different [5] [6] :
- WB 444 : 8 Sarov, which is 28,800 years old.
- WB 62: 18 Sarov and 4 Nera, which equals 67200 years.
- UCBC 9-1819: 10 Sarov, which is 36,000 years old.
- The Babylonian history of Beros (King Alor ): 10 Sarov, which is 36,000 years old.
In any case, it is considered that the antiquity and duration of the rule of the antediluvian kings are significantly overestimated. There is an assumption that sary and nera should be taken as years and months respectively. [7] In this case, Alulim rules are only 8, 10, or 18 years and 4 months old.
In the diagram of the antediluvian generations in the Babylonian and biblical traditions, Professor William Wolfgang Hello associates Alulima with a half-half-half-fish, cultural hero ( Abgallu ) Adapa (or Oann ) and assumes the identity of Alulima and Enos , a descendant of Seth according to the 5th chapter of Genesis . William Shih suggests that Alulima can be associated with the biblical Adam [8] .
Notes
- Lo Hallo, William W. and William Kelly - New York, 1971 - p. 32
- ↑ Harriet Crawford . Sumer and the Sumerians - Cambridge University Press, 2004 - ISBN 978-0-521-53338-6 .
- ↑ The Sumerian king list (ETCSL) - original
- ↑ The Sumerian king list (ETCSL) - Translation
- ↑ Gerhard F. Hasel . The genealogies of gen 5 and 11 and their alleged babylonian background . - Andrews University Press, 1978 - p. 366.
- ↑ In the Sumerian notation, 1 sar = 3,600 years, 1 ner = 600 years, 1 coc = 60 years.
- ↑ Kingdoms of Mesopotamia - Sumer
- ↑ William H. Shea Adam in the Ancient Mesopotamian Tradition - 1977