An upturned brief or arch is a diacritical sign that looks like a rainbow with a "hump" up, that is, like a mirror reflection of a brief . Outwardly it resembles circumflex , but the latter looks like an acute angle, while the inverted brief has a rounded shape: compare  (circumflex) and Ȃ (inverted brief).
| Inverted brief | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ◌̑ | ||||||||||||
Picture
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| Characteristics | ||||||||||||
| Title | combining inverted breve | |||||||||||
| Unicode | U + 0311 | |||||||||||
| HTML code | ̑ or ̑ | |||||||||||
| Utf-16 | 0x311 | |||||||||||
| Url | % CC% 91 | |||||||||||
It is used both in superscript and (less commonly) in subscript. Not used in natural language alphabets, but used to convey phonetic characters.
Content
- 1 Use
- 1.1 Serbo-Croatian
- 1.2 Old Slavonic
- 1.3 International Phonetic Alphabet
- 2 LaTeX
- 3 notes
- 4 See also
- 5 Links
Usage
Serbo-Croatian language
A superscript inverted short is used in the traditional Slavic notation of Serbo-Croatian phonology to denote a long downward tone. The sign is placed above the core of the syllable , that is, one of the 5 vowels (Ȃ Ȇ Ȋ Ȏ Ȗ) or syllable Ȓ.
This way of using the inverted brief comes from the ancient Greek circumflex , which is preserved in the polytonic spelling of the Greek language and through religious Orthodox literature also fell into the Serbian language. At the beginning of the 19th century, an inverted shorthand from the Cyrillic alphabet also fell into the Latin alphabet to indicate prosody in studies of the Serbo-Croatian linguistic continuum.
Old Slavonic
A superscript inverted shorter and camora were used to indicate palatalization .
International Phonetic Alphabet
In the IPA, the subscript inverted short is used to indicate that the vowel is non-syllable. Thus, half-vowels are transmitted both using their own characters (for example, [ j w ]), and by adding an inverted short under the vowel symbol (alternative notation for the same phonemes above is [ i̯ u̯ ]).
The same diacritical mark is placed under the iota (ι̯) to convey the Proto-Indo-European half - vowel * y , since it is reflected in Greek grammar; ipsilon with an inverted short (υ̯) is used along with a digamma to transmit the proto-Indo-European half - vowel * w . [one]
LaTeX
In LaTeX, the combination \ textroundcap {o} places an inverted brief over the letter o. [2]
Notes
- ↑ en: Herbert Weir Smyth . Greek Grammar . par. 20 a : semivowels.
- ↑ LaTeX for Classical Philologists and Indo-Europeanists Archived October 9, 2010.
See also
- en: Tie (typography)