Garlib Helvig Merkel ( German: Garlieb Helwig Merkel , Latvian. Garlībs Helvigs Merķelis ; 1769 , Ledurg , Livonia province , Russian Empire - 1850 , Katlakalns , Livonia province, Russian Empire) - Livonian publicist of German origin.
| Merkel Garlib | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Date of Birth | October 31, 1769 |
| Place of Birth | Ledurg Livonia province , Russian empire |
| Date of death | May 9, 1850 (aged 80) |
| Place of death | Katlakalns , Livonia province , Russian empire |
| Allegiance |  Russian empire |
| Occupation | , |
Biography
Born in a family of a priest in Livonia . From the age of 17 he worked as a home teacher in the families of landowners and pastors . In the 1790s joined the circle of Riga humanists and enlighteners, at the source of which Herder once stood. Under the influence of his older friends, in 1794 he began to compose his book “Letts” ( German: Die Letten, vorzüglich in Livland am Ende des philosophischen Jahrhunderts ; 1797 ), which described the life of the Livonian peasantry in the blackest colors, exposed the atrocities of the German landowners , called on the Russian government to intervene in Livonian affairs and to facilitate the life of the people.
Merkel's book caused a storm of indignation among the landowners of Livonia, and Merkel was forced to leave his homeland for 10 years. He went to Weimar , where he became friends with Herder, in 1800 he moved to Berlin , where he was co-editor of the weekly Ernst und Scherz ( 1803 - 1806 , together with Augustus von Kotzebue ). In 1816, Merkel returned to Livonia and since then has lived there almost without a break. Later in Riga , his books “About Germany, where I spent ten years” ( German Über Deutschland, wie ich es nach einer zehnjährigen Entfernung wiederfand ; 1818 ) and “Pictures and characteristics from my life” ( German Darstellungen und Charakteristiken, were published) . aus meinem Leben ; 1839 - 1840 , 2 volumes), while the pamphlet “Free Latvians and Estonians” ( German Die freien Letten und Esthen ; 1820 ) was printed in Leipzig .
Since 1923, Merkel has been named after the former Paulucci Street in Riga ( Latvian: Merķeļa iela ) [1] .
Literature
- Merkel, Garlib Gelvig // Jellyfish - Millipede. - M .: Soviet Encyclopedia, 1954. - P. 176. - ( Great Soviet Encyclopedia : [in 51 vols.] / Ch. Ed. B. A. Vvedensky ; 1949-1958, vol. 27).
Notes
- ↑ Anda Juta Zālīte. Rīgas ielu, laukumu, parku un tiltu nosaukumu rādītājs (No 18. gs. Lidz mūsdienām). Latvijas Nacionālā bibliotēka. Rīgas vēstures un kuģniecības muzejs, 2000 ISBN 9984-607-31-3
Literature
- Cherpinsk A. Image of the enemy in journalism of Garlib Merkel during the war of 1812 // French Yearbook 2012: 200th anniversary of the Patriotic War of 1812. M., 2012.S. 383-395.
- Riga: Encyclopedia = Enciklopēdija "Riga" / Ch. ed. P.P. Eran. - 1st ed .. - Riga: Main Edition of Encyclopedias, 1989. - S. 463-464. - 880 s. - 60 000 copies - ISBN 5-89960-002-0 .