His Grace Prince Vladimir Alexandrovich Menshikov (1816-1893) - cavalry general, adjutant general , participant in the Caucasian and Crimean wars . The last representative of the Menshikov clan (in a straight male line).
| Vladimir Alexandrovich Menshikov | ||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
 | ||||||||||
| Date of Birth | 1816 | |||||||||
| Place of Birth | Russian empire | |||||||||
| Date of death | 1893 | |||||||||
| Place of death | Baden-Baden , German Empire | |||||||||
| Affiliation |  Russian empire | |||||||||
| Type of army | Guards Cavalry , Artillery | |||||||||
| Years of service | 1830-1893 | |||||||||
| Rank | cavalry general, adjutant general | |||||||||
| Battles / wars | Caucasian war Hungarian campaign of 1848-1849 , Crimean War | |||||||||
| Awards and prizes |
 | |||||||||
Biography
The son of Adjutant General , Admiral Menshikov Alexander Sergeyevich . Great-great-grandson of Alexander Danilovich Menshikov .
Born in 1816. On August 30, 1832 he was promoted from ensemble to the warrant officer of the 22nd Artillery Brigade with a secondment to the Mikhailovsky Artillery School for further training.
On October 16, 1833 he was transferred to the equestrian artillery company No. 1, with a secondment to the Guards Equestrian Artillery. In July 1834 he was transferred to the 2nd equestrian battery.
Then in 1835 he was sent to the Caucasus, where he took part in hostilities against the Highlanders, in 1836 he was awarded the Order of St. Anne of the 3rd degree for the difference in battles. In January 1836, after returning from the Caucasus, he was assigned to the Life Guards Hussar Regiment .
On July 28, 1836 he was promoted to lieutenant in artillery and a few days later, on August 3, he was transferred to the Life Guards Hussars Regiment as a cornet.
March 28, 1839 promoted to lieutenant. On May 3 of the same year, he was appointed adjutant to the gendarme chief and commander of the Imperial headquarters. On December 6, 1840 he was promoted to headquarters captain, and in October 1842 he was appointed to be a member of the office of the chief of the gendarmes.
December 6, 1843 promoted to captain, and a year later in 1844 promoted to colonel. During a campaign in Hungary, Prince Menshikov, on June 18, 1849, was sent by the Highest Command from Warsaw with dispatches to the commander in chief of the army. Since June 30, he was in the detachment of Prince Bebutov, with whom he continued to move to Weizen, and participated in the battle under this city. For the difference in this battle, he was awarded a golden saber with the inscription "For courage . "
For the battle of Debrecen he received the Order of St. Vladimir of the 3rd degree. On August 7, 1849, Menshikov was promoted to major general with the appointment of His Majesty. In 1851 he was awarded the distinction of immaculate service.
On December 6, 1853, he was appointed manager of the Imperial Headquarters and His Majesty’s Own Convoy . During the Eastern War , in 1854, at the Highest Command, he was sent to the Crimea to inspect the reserve and reserve battalions located in Sevastopol and Nikolaev. Then, after the Commander-in-Chief in Crimea was seized on September 8, he participated in battles on the Alma River and on the Inkerman Heights , in this last battle he was shell-shocked by a bomb fragment in the head and neck.
On February 17, 1855 he was appointed adjutant general and in the same year he was awarded the expression of the highest favor. In June 1855, the prince formed the squads of the St. Petersburg, Tambov and Orel mobile militias. In April 1856 he disbanded the Tula militia. From February 6, 1856 to January 19, 1857 was a member of the Commission for the improvement of guns. He was awarded the Order of St. George 4th degree for 25 years of service. On February 19, 1856, the prince was appointed a member of the council of the Main Directorate of the State Horse Breeding and was in this position until January 1872. August 30, 1857 promoted to lieutenant general. From August 26, 1858 and December 24, 1869 was on indefinite leave.
In May 1859 he was enrolled in the 9th Infantry Staroingermanlandsky regiment . On January 20, 1872 he was appointed a member of the main military hospital committee, then a month later he was enlisted in the equestrian artillery brigade of the Kuban Cossack army . In January 1873, the prince was enlisted in the Cossack estate of the Don army in the village of Aksayskaya , where he was listed as an honorable old man, in April he was enrolled in the Don army. On August 30 of the same year, the prince was promoted to general from the cavalry. In January 1889 he was appointed a member of the main military health committee.
Shareholder of the Moscow Merchant Bank [1] . The prince died in September 1893 in Baden-Baden . Shortly before his death, he sold the estate of Cheryomushki to the Moscow merchant V. I. Yakunchikov . He was buried next to his wife at the Tikhvin cemetery of the Alexander Nevsky Lavra [2] .
- Ensign (08/30/1832)
- Second Lieutenant (07.28.1836)
- Guard Cornet (08/03/1836)
- Lieutenant (03/26/1839)
- Head Captain (12/06/1840)
- Adjutant Outhouse (1842)
- Captain (12/06/1843)
- Colonel (12/06/1844)
- Major General of the Suite (07/07/1849)
- Adjutant General (1855)
- Lieutenant General (08.30.1857)
- Cavalry General (08/30/1873)
- Order of St. Anne , 3rd art. with bow (1836)
- Order of St. Vladimir 4th art. (1842)
- Order of St. Anne , 2nd art. (1847)
- Golden saber “For courage” (1849)
- Order of St. Vladimir 3rd art. (1849)
- Insignia for the XV years of immaculate service (1851)
- Order of St. Stanislav 1st Art. (1852)
- Insignia for XX years of immaculate service (1854)
- Order of St. George 4th Art. for 25 years of service (1856)
- Order of St. Anne 1st Art. with swords (1856)
- Order of St. Vladimir , 2nd art. (1872)
- Order of St. Alexander Nevsky with swords (1877)
- Diamond signs to the Order of St. Alexander Nevsky with swords (1882)
Foreign:
- Hesse-Darmstadt Order of Ludwig 3 tbsp. (1840)
- Prussian Order of St. John (Brandenburg Beylivik) with diamonds (1843)
- Sardinian Order of the Saints of Mauritius and Lazarus 2 tbsp. (1845)
- Sicilian Order of Francis I 2 tbsp. (1845)
- Austrian Order of the Iron Crown 1 tbsp. (1850)
- Austrian Order of St. Stephen the Great Cross (1851)
- Snuffbox with a portrait of the Emperor of Austria decorated with diamonds (1852)
- Saxe-Weimar Order of the White Falcon 1 tbsp. (1852)
- Prussian Order of the Red Eagle 2 tbsp. with a star and diamonds (1853)
- Austrian Order of Leopold 1 tbsp. (1872)
- Persian Order of Leo and the Sun 1 tbsp. with diamonds
- Portrait of a Persian Shah with diamonds (1873)
- Romanian Star Order of Romania 1 tbsp. (1873)
- Gold saber decorated with diamonds granted by the Persian Shah (1873)
- Bavarian Order of St. Hubert (1887)
Family
Wife - Princess Leonilla (Leonid) Nikolaevna Gagarin (1822–1887), daughter of the clerk of Prince Nikolai Sergeyevich Gagarin , second cousin of Alexander II . According to contemporaries, Princess Menshikova was an enlightened woman, almost a scientist, natural and cheerful by nature, magnetizing with her laughter, like a gorgon . Tall blonde, not very beautiful, she stood out in society with her mind and brilliant wit, which amounted to the fireworks of her lively speech. It had that particular charm that distinguished her from others. Very original, sometimes strange and bizarre in tastes, very fond of light, human communication, she was not embarrassed, said what she considered to be true, and this lack of prudent hypocrisy was a very rare virtue.
According to A. Polovtsov , her husband, extremely limited, unusually stingy, conceited, very constrained her life [3] . Spent a lot of time abroad, mainly in France. In 1854, by her order, the artist F. G. Solntsev created a unique manuscript book, “The Gospel of John”. In July 1882 she was granted the cavalry ladies of the Order of St. Catherine (the lesser cross) . In preparation for the ball in honor of Their Majesties Emperor Alexander III and Empress Maria Feodorovna, Princess Menshikova caught a cold and never got up. She died in February 1887 and was buried in the Tikhvin cemetery of the Alexander Nevsky Lavra . She did not leave offspring; her children died in infancy.
- Nikolai Vladimirovich (1843-03.06.1843)
- Maria Vladimirovna (05/05/1844 - 03/30/1845)
- Alexander Vladimirovich (4.08.1847-10.02.1848).
Notes
- ↑ List of persons who expressed a desire to participate in the Moscow Merchant Bank ... // Complete collection of laws of the Russian Empire , second collection. - SPb. : Printing house of the II branch of His Imperial Majesty's own Chancellery , 1868. - T. XLI, second branch, appendices, 1866, No. 43360 . - S. 360 .
- ↑ Grand Duke Nikolai Mikhailovich. Petersburg Necropolis / Comp. V. Saitov. In 4 volumes - St. Petersburg, 1912-1913.- T. 3. - P. 100.
- ↑ A.A. Polovtsov. Secretary of State's diary. In 2 volumes. - M.: Tsentrpoligraf, 2005.- T. 2. - S. 32.
Literature
- List to the generals by seniority . St. Petersburg, 1891
- Petrov P.N. History of the clans of the Russian nobility: in two books.
- Domestic Archives, Issues 1-6
- Russian art leaflet volume 2
- Lukashevich K.V. Defense of Sevastopol and its glorious defenders. - 1904.
- Gillelson M. I. M. Yu. Lermontov in the memoirs of contemporaries
- Russian Thought: Volume 14, Issue 7
- Freiman, Otto Rudolfovich Pages for 185 years: biographies and portraits of former pages from 1711 to 1896 / collected and published by O. von Freiman. - Friedrichshamn: Type. Acc. Islands, 1894-1897. - IV, 952 p. : ill. ; 30 cm. - Ed. Issued at 10 issue. On a tit. l.: Vol. one; total zagl.: “Pages for 183 years (1711-1894). Biographies of former pages. ” page 289
- Shavshin V.G. Bastions of Sevastopol