Jacob Galik known as Alimpiy Galik ( 1685 [1] , Bohuslav in Kyiv region - March 18, 1763 , Kiev-Pechersk Lavra ) - Ukrainian painter and engraver of the XVIII century , hieromonk , head of the icon-painting workshop of the Kiev-Pechersk Lavra.
Alimpiy Galik | |
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Date of Birth | 1685 |
Place of Birth | Bohuslav (city) |
Date of death | March 18, 1763 |
Place of death | Kiev |
Allegiance | Russian empire |
Genre | icon, portrait |
Study | Painting School of Kiev-Pechersk Lavra |
Content
Biography
From an early age, Alimpiy liked to look at icons and paintings that were sold on local bazaars, and later he himself began to try to draw portraits on the board with coals. Passion for the young man noticed the old neighbor-artist and advised his father to give his son to study painting. The first drawing lessons Jacob received from the clerk of the Intercession Church, who had artistic talent.
After a short period of time, Alimpiy began selling his icons in the bazaar. Thanks to a happy accident, the work of the guy noticed one of the Lavra icon painters . Due to the fact that at that time there was a big fire in the Kiev-Pechersk Lavra, many masters were needed to restore the churches, including artists, engravers, and icon painters. So, Alimpiy got to Lavra. He studied at the Lavra painting school. From 1721 he worked there in an art workshop, painting not only Lavra churches, but also temples of other monasteries. He worked under the supervision of the famous Ukrainian painter, icon painter Ivan Feivist . At that time such masters as architect F. I, Schedel , gold and silver master Ivan Ravich , engraver Grigori Levitsky , young architects - Stepan Kovnir , Andrei Sokolovsky and others worked here. Communication with talented craftsmen, discussions on the directions of art development helped Halyku formed as an artist and a citizen. He worked in an atmosphere where a departure from canonical images and the influence of folk traditions were increasingly observed.
Creativity
Alimpy Galik in 1724−1731 he participated in wall paintings of the Assumption Cathedral and the Trinity Gate Church of the Kiev-Pechersk Lavra. Alimpy Galik painted this church outside 1742-1744 with Ivan Kodelsky. Historical and biblical scenes were interpreted by them not canonically, with a deep poetic feeling (“Go to Heaven”, “The First Ecumenical Council in Nicaea”). He took part in the creation in the XVIII century of new decorations on the walls of ancient Sophia of Kiev and in the paintings of churches and iconostases in the village of Pirogov .
In the 1730-1750s, he headed the icon-painting workshop of the Kiev-Pechersk Lavra, where he raised a whole galaxy of talented Ukrainian artists, in particular S. Nedilka .
The drawings signed by him, sketches for icons and engravings by Alimpiy Galik are preserved in the school’s drawing albums. Galik creatively used the heritage of Western European painting and Ukrainian folk art. The painter paid particular attention to the symbolism of color, as evidenced by the recordings of students of the painting school of the Kiev-Pechersk Lavra: “Blakyt - love, tseglyast - humility, green - obedience, mummy - patience”. Red was the most popular color as a symbol of suffering, struggle, love, victories.
When classicism began to be introduced into Ukrainian painting, Alimpy Galik, not wanting to rebuild, on August 2, 1755, filed a request for his resignation with the Archimandrite, asking for a cell in the Far Caves to be allocated and a painter (painter) assistant. Having retired, he was engaged in gilding and painting of metal products. The silver cup with its signature is preserved in the funds of the Lavra Museum in Kiev - a jewelry with an openwork ornament of rare beauty.
Considering the great merits of A. Galik, the Cathedral of the Kiev-Pechersk Lavra, even during his lifetime, decided: “Upon the completion of his life, the body in the Lavra of the great Great Lavra Church of the cathedral must be buried”.
Alimpy Galik died March 18, 1763, buried in the Assumption Cathedral in Lavra, where princes, military leaders, and metropolitans were buried.
Featured Works
- Portraits:
- Peter I (1745),
- Catherine I (1745)
- Portrait of Metropolitan Dmitry of Rostov (Tuptal) ,
- icons for church and fortress of st. Elizabeth (1754),
- icons for the Church of St. Cyril (Kiev, 1759),
- a series of drawings in the Lavra funds,
- the silver setting of the Gospel (1749) and the cup (1763).
Notes
- ↑ Some sources indicate 1703 year of birth
Literature
- V. Novosvіtnіy. Alіmpіy Galik s Boguslav. "Visti Boguslavshchini." 08/31/1999 (ukr.)
Links
- Galik Alіmpіy (inaccessible link) (in Ukrainian)
- Memorial sign-cross in Boguslav, lined up in honor of the famous countryman Alimpii Galik