Davlianidze, Sergey Semenovich

Sergo Davlianizde was born in the high-mountain Rachin village of Shvava in the family of peasants Semyon Davlianidze and Fedosia Shhirtladze on June 15, 1904. His father, Semyon, having served twenty-five years in the Russian army, was discharged at the age of 43 and immediately married his fellow villager. Soon, they had three children in a row. The elder Sergey, followed by the sisters Nina and Tamara. Famine raged in Racha, and residents of several villages, together with the S. Davlianidze family, left Georgia in search of a new life. In 1912, his parents moved with him to the Terek region , the village of Mineralnye Vody , where his father got a job at a restaurant as a cook and part-time waiter. Thanks to his financial assistance, his son entered the age of eight, and at the age of fifteen he graduated from six (6) classes of the full course of study at the Pyatigorsk real school, where he studied from 1912 to 1919.

From 1920 to 1922, S. S. Davlianidze also graduated from two courses of the Tiflis Hydrotechnical School. From February 25, 1921, that is, from the first day of the establishment of Soviet power in Georgia, at the age of sixteen, he entered the service of the formed people's militia. Combining his service with his studies at the school, he, until April 1922, worked as a junior and then senior policeman in the 6th district of Tiflis. From April 23, 1922 until April 1923 he worked as a commandant for the protection of block trains from Baku. In April 1923, at the nineteenth (19) year of his life, he was called up for service in the Red Army (VRKKA), where until April 1924 he served as a Red Army soldier of the 2nd Georgian Strategic Division deployed in the city of Batumi.

Having been demobilized from the army, from April 1924 to August 1925 he worked as the head of the organizational department, and then secretary of the Manglis district committee of the Komsomol in the village of Manglisi, GSSR. There he met a Russian girl, Lebedeva Barbara, a native of Simbirsk and married her. Barbara was an asset of the Manglis district committee of the Komsomol. In the village of Manglisi, she settled in 1922 together with her parents and numerous relatives. Her father, demobilized, the grenadier of the life guard of the grenadier regiment Nestor Lebedev, served 25 years in the Turkish border area near Manglisi. During the Great Patriotic War, she served as a medical assistant and, together with her husband, traveled to the battlefields for the Caucasus in his service carriage. She was awarded two medals "For the Defense of the Caucasus." Davlianidze S. S. found in her person a faithful friend who shared his views and beliefs.

Soon in September 1925, he received a new appointment and moved with his wife to the city of Tbilisi. They were given a one-room apartment in the center of Tbilisi on Serebryanaya St. in a basement. In the new post, S. S. Davlianidze worked as secretary of the economic department of the Central Committee of the Komsomol of Georgia until October 23, 1925, and then, on the recommendation of the Komsomol, was sent to serve in the state security organs. Having formed there as an employee and a high-ranking official in the state security of the USSR, he was expelled in 1948 for his convictions and actions not pleasing to the leadership of the USSR State Security. In 1956 he expressed his point of view and demands at a rally in the city of Tbilisi dedicated to I.V. Stalin and paid for it with freedom. This was followed by ten years of imprisonment and death in ITL.

Security Service

From October 23, 1925 to 1948 he served in the bodies of the OGPU-NKVD-NKGB-MGB. He began his service at the GPU GSSR as an ordinary employee and rose to the rank of Commissioner of State Security and Deputy People's Commissar of the NKVD of Georgia . In the track record of Davlianidze 12 awards, 6 assigned military ranks and 16 official appointments ^[1] .

TAKEN POSITIONS: - l) 10/23/1925 until 1926 - assistant to the authorized, district political bureau of the Cheka, Shoropani. - ll) 1926 −1927 assistant to the authorized district information point of the GPU Borjomi-Manglisi. - lll) 1927 - 1929 assistant to the authorized district department of the GPU-UGB of Zestafoni. - lV) 1929 to 04 1931 the senior operative officer of the GPU GSSR g. Chiatura GSSR. - V) 04, 1931 - 1933, officer of the 1st department of the IVF GPU GSSR. - Vl) 1933 −1935 the head of the 1st branch of the ECO GPU-UGB NKVD GSSR. - Vll) 1935 - until 09 1936 the head of the 2nd branch of the ECO UGB of the NKVD GSSR. - Vlll) 09.1936 to 06 1937 he was appointed head of the district department of the NKVD of Chiatura district. -lX) 06.1937 to 1938 was appointed head of the 4th department of the NKVD of the GSSR.

In 1938, he was appointed head of the 3rd department of the State Security Directorate of the NKVD of the GSSR and served in this position until 08.23.1939. He was promoted with promotion by the head of the ATT of the NKVD of the USSR for the Transcaucasian Railway, August 23, 1939 and served in this position until March 1941. The department was located in the territory of Tbilisi near the central railway station, and the subordinate departments of the NKVD DT in Georgia, Armenia and Azerbaijan. At the disposal of the head of the department was his personal service carriage with a cook, medical staff and security. From this position, he was elected to the Central Committee (B) of Georgia ^[2] as a candidate for the Central Committee (B) of Georgia ^[2] at the 13th Congress of the Communist Party (Bolsheviks) of Georgia, which was held March 15-19, 1940, in Tbilisi, and was granted a comfortable four-room apartment Tbilisi city. - Xll) His next post was the appointment of the head of the KRO NKGB GSSR in March 1941. - Xlll) In June 1941, from the post of head of the CRO NKGB of the GSSR, he was appointed Deputy People's Commissar of the GB GSSR. - XlV) In July 1941, he was appointed head of the Transcaucasian Road and Transport Department of the NKVD - NKGB of the USSR and sent to the front line for the defense of the Caucasus. * On February 14, 1943, I.V. Stalin was awarded the title of Commissioner of State Security. - XV) After the Nazis escaped from the Caucasus and normalized the situation in the Caucasus, he was again reinstated on 14 06 1944 by the Deputy People's Commissar of the GB SSR.

• On July 6, 1945, by a decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR “On ranks, uniforms and insignia of the commanding staff of the People’s Commissariat of Internal Affairs and the People’s Commissariat of State Security of the USSR”, the special ranks of the NKVD and NKGB command personnel were replaced by combined-arms military ranks. In this regard, on July 9, the Deputy Commissar of State Security of the Georgian SSR Davlianidze, who had the title of Commissioner of State Security, was awarded the title of Major General ^[3] . During the reign of Khrushchev, N. S., was deprived of this title on November 23, 1954 by Decree of the Council of Ministers of the USSR No. 2349-1118ss “as having discredited himself during his work in state security bodies and was not worthy of the high rank of general in this regard ^[1] .

On November 14, 1945 he was appointed head of the TO NKGB of the USSR Orge. J. D. G. Dzaudzhikau of the North Ossetian Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic. Dismissed by order of the Ministry of State Security of the USSR No. 336 of January 30, 1948. The official reason for the state of health after injuries. According to his family, he was dismissed at the age of 43 for assisting a Chechen family who had been hiding from deportation since 1944 and was discovered by rank-and-file military personnel of the USSR State Security Division in 1947. MILITARY TITLES: - The following military ranks are recorded in the case of a GB officer; 1) Senior Lieutenant GB 13.01 1936, 2) Captain GB 23.05.1938, 3) Major GB 22 10 1940, 4) Senior Major GB 11.05 1942, 5) Commissioner GB 14 02 1943, 6) Major General 09.07. 1945 year.

Retired

After his resignation, he worked from 1948 to March 9, 1956 as the director of the store No. 2 of the Tbilisi food store and the manager of the Intourist of Georgia.

Since March 1940, he and his family lived in Tbilisi along Karganovskaya Street, then renamed Sajaya, and from the 1960s to the present time bearing the name Leo Kiacheli, in house No. 5/7. This house was popularly called "general's". The general’s apartment was on the third floor, on the landing opposite the apartment of the Chairman of the KGB of the GSSR Inauri Alexei Nikolaevich , who settled there in 1953. In the same house, before moving to the mansion on Machabeli Street , Beria Lavrenty Pavlovich lived, after his mother remained here. Sergo Ordzhonikidze and his brother Papulia (who was executed in 1937), as well as S. S. Davlianidze and his family (since 1940, lived in apartment 13, where the family of the repressed leader of the Communist Party of Georgia, who was sent to exile, lived in this house). together with family).

On August 26, 1953, Sergo Davlianidze was interrogated as a witness in the case of his former boss Bogdan Kobulov , who was accused of espionage and conspiracy to seize power in the “Beria case”. Davlianidze said that he repeatedly reported to Kobulov about the use by the NKVD investigators of illegal methods of influence on the arrested ^[4] . Davlianidze was also a witness on a number of charges of other state security officers arrested and convicted in the framework of the “Beria case” ^[5] .

Sergo Davlianidze took an active part in the events of March 5–9, 1956 in Georgia. On March 9, he spoke in Tbilisi at a rally dedicated to the third anniversary of the death of Joseph Stalin with a proposal to secede Georgia to an independent socialist state such as Czechoslovakia , Hungary , Bulgaria and others. At the same time, S. S. Davlianidze became one of the leaders of the struggle for cleanliness named after I.V. Stalin under the slogan "We will not allow criticism of Stalin" and the initiator of demands for secession from the USSR. Tidying up the troops of the USSR Ministry of Internal Affairs and ZakVO forces was tough, 15 killed, 54 wounded, 375 arrested, including retired General S. Davlianidze, who was detained on March 9, 1956 and kept for four (4) months and 14 days under administrative detention in the temporary detention center of the KGB GSSR. The detention on the basis of the inquiry was approved by the chairman of the KGB of the GSSR, who has independent criminal procedure powers that are not subject to control by the local authorities. However, in the event that he approved the decision to institute criminal proceedings, there was no prospect of the required biased investigation of the criminal case by the Supreme Court of the GSSR. Therefore, materials of inquiry on “jurisdiction” were sent to ZakVO having its own prosecutor’s office and its own judicial authority.

Arrest and conviction

After the suppression of unrest in Georgia, Davlianidze was arrested on July 23, 1956 ^[1] . At the same time, an already retired pensioner, a civilian, has been arrested since 1948. This measure of criminal procedural coercion, from a specified period of time, its detention, was given an official character by the sanction of the prosecutor's office of the Transcaucasian Military District, accusing of counter-revolutionary activities under Article 58-7 of the Criminal Code of the GSSR.

From the materials of a multi-volume archival criminal case against S. S. Davlianidze, stored in the archives of the Supreme Court of Georgia, it can be seen that the criminal case against him was instituted on July 16, 1956, as well as the decision on his arrest on July 23, 1956, according to the materials of the KGB of the GSSR , compiled and sanctioned personally by the assistant military prosecutor of the Transcaucasian Military District Litvinenko. The inquest conducted by the KGB of the GSSR and the preliminary investigation carried out by the ZakVO were carried out in violation of the terms of their conduct, exactly by half, according to the terms provided for by the Code of Criminal Procedure of the GSSR, the competence of these bodies. The preliminary investigation was conducted by Litvinenko for one (1) year and three months. He himself claimed an extension of the length of the protracted preliminary investigation. Subsequently, at the trial in this criminal case, he acted as a prosecutor who put forward a state charge. Davlianidze S. S. in his statements to the prosecutor of ZakVO Tsumarev and his deputy Dmitriev wrote that during interrogations Litvinenko laughs at him saying "You were in 1943 when Stalin went to the Tehran conference in Baku when you met with him and shook his hand, obviously imagined "what a historical moment you are experiencing! He demanded that the person under investigation report “What kind of connections did you have in the higher spheres in Moscow, because there couldn’t have been without it, then in Moscow you were everywhere in the leadership of the party and state.” Https://www.youtube.com/watch? v = aKWE-A4s9vM & list = UUFKbEUp4n9jeAlqjNQ0utcQ & index = 1 & feature = plcp Litvinenko actively studied and ("dug") the entire path of the "counterrevolutionary" service of S. S. Davlianidze in the state security organs in search of an anti-Soviet criminal group, which was allegedly composed. Litvinenko “established” the prisoner’s connection with the Georgian counter-revolutionary emigration and the special services of the capitalist countries, with the goal of overthrowing the established system in the USSR. Thanks to his investigation and prosecutorial personal supervision, for his own investigation, S. S. Davlianidze was subsequently convicted.

Once, in December 1956, while under investigation, on a date with his wife and nine-year-old grandson, Sergei Semyonovich introduced them as soon as possible in the meeting room of the prison, Princess Matiko Palavandishvili, the wife of the classic of world literature Konstantin Gamsakhurdia . Matiko went on a date to her son Zviad Gamsakhurdia , arrested for counter-revolutionary activities. Subsequently, the wife of S. Davlianidze, along with her grandson, while waiting in the prison for meetings with her husband, had occasion to communicate with Matiko, who was also waiting for a meeting with her son.

On October 18, 1957, in Tbilisi, in the building of the Supreme Court of the GSSR, a closed court session of the Supreme Tribunal of the Transcaucasian Military District , headed by Judge Mamontov, over the former serviceman Davlianidze S. S. was defended by the defense lawyer MV Alkhazishvili defended the state prosecution by the assistant prosecutor of ZakVO Litov . Within two weeks, Davlianidze S. S. was convicted under Articles 58-7 and 58-8 of the Criminal Code of the GSSR, and in the aggregate of crimes under the aforementioned articles, by virtue of Art. 46 of the Criminal Code of the GSSR appointed the final sentence under Art. 58-7 of the Criminal Code of the GSSR with the sanction of Art. 52-2 of the Criminal Code of the GSSR for a term of 25 years in prison in a labor camp, with a defeat in the rights provided for in paragraphs “A”, “b”, “c” art. 31 of the Criminal Code of the GSSR for five years, with confiscation of all property. CC of the GSSR . The verdict was announced on October 31, 1957. In the case, the 41st witness was summoned to court, 37 witnesses appeared. 37 witnesses testified: 1) Dzhaparidze Vakhtang Semenovich, 2) Lazarev, 3) Kiknadze Otari Shalvovich, 4) Georgi Guramishvili, 5) Maridashvili, 6) Pantsulaya D. D., 7) Budagov, 8) Darsadze, 9) Kurely Iosif Georgievich, 10) Sahelashvili S.S., 11) Bregvadze V.V., 12) Tsulaya G.M. 13) Khumarov V.N., 14) Urushadze D.L., 15) Ghazaryan Suren Oganezovich, 16) Nazarov Ali, 17) Baskina M.I., 18) Agababova A.A., 19) Minasyan A.S., 20) Pochiani D.V., 21) Aslanikashvili K., 22) Kuraspidiani Hercules Nikolaevich, 23) Gurgenidze A., 24) Paliani Ivan Dmitrievich, 25) Tatishvili Ivan Dmitrievich, 2) Kuregyan A.M., 27 ) Igithanyan E.A., 28) Saghatelyan H.A., 29) Shaorshadze P.F., 30) Odisharia, 31) Golovanov A.L., 32) Barsky G.M., 33) Khechumov I.Z. , 34) Grigorashvili Kh. I., 35) Asanidze Sh., 36) Pkhaladze I., 37) Temurchiev V. A. The testimony of witnesses who did not appear in court, Gabeev Khasan and three others, obtained during the preliminary investigation, were read out in court . Some witnesses refused their testimony at the preliminary investigation to investigator Litvinenko and testified in favor of the defendant. However, he, the prosecutor of Litvinenko, demanded that the members of the tribunal take harsh measures against the defendant. The tribunal granted his request. Based on the fact that the building of the Supreme Court of the GSSR was located in the center of Tbilisi, 200 meters from Rustaveli Avenue, where in March 1956, soldiers of the ZakVO shot a peaceful demonstration, measures were taken to strengthen protection of the building of the Supreme Court of the GSSR. Soldiers with machine guns and shepherd dogs stood around the entire perimeter of the building and inside the building. In addition to members of the Supreme Tribunal of the ZakVO and other participants in the process, including witnesses, no one was allowed to pass. In vain during the hearings of the tribunal, the spouse, children and grandchildren of the defendant, S. S. Davlianidze, tried to get into the hall. The military told them that, by order of the chairman of the tribunal Mamontov, they were ordered not to let anyone in. The results of the trial in the case of S. Davlianidze were not mentioned in the mass media of the USSR and the Georgian SSR. See the last three links.

S. S. Davlianidze did not plead guilty of the charges at trial. Convicted Davlianidze S. S., stayed on April 10, 1958 in the hospital of Tbilisi Prison No. 1. There, as can be seen from his personal records, he received an unsatisfactory answer to his cassation appeal, which was sent to the Military College of the Supreme Court of the USSR on November 11, 1957.

Conclusion and death

On April 11, 1958, he was taken to the city of Baku from Tbilisi from the Navtlugi railway station in a separate cell of the Stolypin carriage , in the established manner of transportation to the camps. There, as Davlianidze writes in his diary, all the prisoners were taken out of the carriage, built and put in prison cars. A large crowd of curious people gathered near the railway station, among whom were his friends, as well as his former subordinate employees. Cars of prisoners were taken to the Baku transit prison, where he was placed in solitary confinement. Two days later, again in the Stolypin carriage, he was delivered on April 14, 1958 to the railway station. the city of Rostov, and from there by car to the Rostov transit prison. In the city of Rostov, he was placed in a damp cell No. 3 of one of the barracks of a transit prison built during the years of German occupation in 1942-43. Ten days later, his fellow countrymen, the young brothers Pirtskhelauri Misha and George, natives of the Kazbegi region of Georgia, settled in a six-seater cell. Five days later, Givi Baramidze and Herodi (aka Irakli) Pachulia settled in them. All of them were participants in the events of Tbilisi on March 5-9, 1956. At the end of April, Davlianidze S. S. was escorted to the city of Moscow and imprisoned in the Krasnoye Presnensky District by being placed in cell No. 62. In this cell there were seven more prisoners with him. May 17, 1958 from Moscow in the Stolypin carriage was transferred to the forced labor camp Dubravy Interior Ministry of the Mordovian Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic. On May 8 and 19, he was held in a solitary prison cell of the 18th camp department. May 20, 1958 was transferred to the 11th camp department.

After the resignation of Nikita Khrushchev, Alexei Inauri, being a neighbor of the S. Davlianidze family, through the Davlianidze family S. S. in 1966 offered him assistance in his release, in case he pleads guilty to the crimes for which he has been convicted and will file a request a pardon, but he refused, because he considered himself innocent and sent a number of complaints to people who had convicted him in the Politburo of the CPSU Central Committee. His sudden death, and the fact that he was buried before the arrival of his relatives, as well as the fact that his body had not been handed over before the collapse of the USSR for reburial in his homeland, aroused suspicion in his relatives of his murder.

Davlianidze died in Dubravny labor camp, in the village of Yavas, Mordovian Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic on August 25, 1967 ^[1] .

According to Issa Kodzoev, who was imprisoned together with Davlianidze, his body was bought by relatives and transported to his homeland for funeral ^[6] . However, he is mistaken, relatives actually came to the camp on August 27, 1967 and asked the administration to give them a dead man buried the day before their arrival, but were refused http://tvali.eu/index.php?action=watch&v=228621&limit=15

Relatives placed an Orthodox wooden cross on his prison grave, and in Tbilisi, at the Kuki cemetery, they installed a marble slab indicating his name, surname and date of death on it. In November 1994, his wife Lebedev Varvara Nesterovna was buried under the same stove.

Sergo Davlinidze received the following awards: ^[1]

• Order of Lenin 07/21/1942
• Order of Lenin 07/25/1949
• Order of the Red Banner 03/08/1944
• Order of the Red Banner 11/03/1944
• Order of the Patriotic War of 1 degree 03.12.1944;
• Order of the Red Banner of Labor 02.24.1941
• 4 medals; badge "Honorary Worker of the Cheka-GPU" 08/28/37; Sign "Honorary Railway Worker" 1944.

• Petrov N.V. , Skorkin K.V. Who led the NKVD 1941-1954 . - Moscow: Links, 2010 .-- S. 324. - 1000 p. - ISBN 5-7870-0109-9 .

• Levan Dolidze "Generalissimo, Marshals, Generals, Admirals, Our Compatriots 1700-2000" ed. Tb. 2000. * Levan Dolidze "They Are Not Born as Generals" ed. Tb. 1993 and 2001.
• Iago Kvadadze “Shvava” and natives of Shvava. ed. Tb. 2005.
• http://22-91.ru/15.06-vse-rodivschiesya-v-etot-den.html and continued * http://22-91.ru/etot-den-v-istorii-sssr/1459/za- stalina "For Stalin" about sob. March 9, 1956 with the participation of Davlianidze S. S.
• https://web.archive.org/web/20131203005942/http://old.ingushetiyaru.org/culture/nad_bezdnoy/265.html#gl1 ISSA KODZOEV. OVER THE VOID - Ivan Ivanovich - An Honest Man (a story of a former prisoner).
• https://www.youtube.com/user/sergodavlianidze1 Nine (9) videos with stories below them about S. Davlianidze
• https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=aKWE-A4s9vM&list=UUFKbEUp4n9jeAlqjNQ0utcQ&index=1&feature=plcp copy of S. Davlianidze's statement about investigator S. S. Litvinenko
• http://video.mail.ru/mail/bikikrisa/_myvideo/172.html#_grs=g_my.main.right.video.lastvideo Help in six comments under the video on S. S. Davlianidze
• http://rutube.ru/video/private/bcba5a830a53afe036c98abfd0973359/?p=GvpWNoPRVcxFmZguWvq7wQ==#.UIeMwW8j61g Story in the comments about S. S. Davlianidze
• http://video.yandex.ru/users/dawlianidze/view/102/# (inaccessible link) Version regarding the death of S. Davlianidze S.
• http://ingushforum.ru/viewtopic.php?id=794 Issa Kodzoev “ABOVE THE Void” Part 3 Ivan Ivanovich - Honest Man.
• http://nkvd.memo.ru/index.php/Davlianidze_Sergey_Semenovich