Trailer , less often trailer (Russian tracing paper with English trailer - trailer ; in English it is called lowboy ( low loader in British English, low-bed in Canada and South Africa or float ) - a multi - axle wheeled trailer or semi-trailer of a special design designed for transportation by roads (usually along the highway ) of heavy and bulky indivisible goods [1] [2] [3] . It is widely used for transportation of special (for example, construction) and military (in particular, the use of tank conveyors with trailers at the present time, along with transportation by train Railroad is the main way of transporting tanks by land) equipment, preserving its motor resource and chassis , significantly reducing the time of its movement over considerable distances and protecting the road surface from damage [2] .
The railway counterpart to the trailer is the conveyor .
Content
Design Description
The design of trailers, due to the specifics of their application, differs significantly from the designs of trailers of most other types.
To ensure minimum specific pressure on the road surface, trailers have a large number of axles (usually 3–6) and a large number of wheels on each of them (6–8). The frame ( chassis ) of the trailer is located low above the surface of the earth and has a stepped shape, it houses a flatbed cargo platform with metal flooring ; special devices, such as adjustable side stops, hooks , braces and chains , are used to secure the load on the platform. In order to facilitate loading and unloading, some trailers are equipped with additional equipment - folding walkways, ladders, traction winches , etc., and the design of some allows hydraulic platforms to lower the entire platform or one of its ends to the ground [1] [2] [3] .
The length of the trailers usually reaches 10-12 meters. In the territory of the former USSR, trailers with a carrying capacity of 20-60 tons are most common with their own weight of 8-14 tons and the number of axles equal to 2-3; less commonly used are heavy trailers weighing up to 30 tons and a lifting capacity of 80-90 tons. In some cases, trailers with a lifting capacity of 100 tons or more are created for the transportation of especially heavy and large loads (high-power transformers , generator parts, turbines of hydroelectric power plants , etc.). The maximum speed for which modern trailers are designed is 45-50 km / h [1] [2] [3] .
A trailer is used complete with an appropriate tractor (or, in the case of especially heavy loads, with several tractors combined in a road train ) [2] .
See also
- Low loader trawl
Literature
- Trailer // Great Soviet Encyclopedia : [in 30 vol.] / Ch. ed. A.M. Prokhorov . - 3rd ed. - M .: Soviet Encyclopedia, 1969-1978.
- "Tashkent" - Rifle cell / [under the total. ed. A. A. Grechko ]. - M .: Military Publishing House of the Ministry of Defense of the USSR , 1976. - 690 p. - ( Soviet military encyclopedia : [in 8 vols.]; 1976-1980, vol. 8).
- Polytechnical Dictionary / A. Yu. Ishlinsky (Ch. Ed.) And others. - 3rd ed., Rev. and add. - M .: Soviet Encyclopedia , 1989 .-- 656 p. - 150,000 copies. - ISBN 5-85270-003-7 .
Notes
- ↑ 1 2 3 Trailer // Great Soviet Encyclopedia : [in 30 vol.] / Ch. ed. A.M. Prokhorov . - 3rd ed. - M .: Soviet Encyclopedia, 1969-1978.
- ↑ 1 2 3 4 5 Trailer // "Tashkent" - Rifle cell / [under the total. ed. A. A. Grechko ]. - M .: Military Publishing House of the USSR Ministry of Defense , 1976. - P. 86. - ( Soviet Military Encyclopedia : [in 8 vols.]; 1976-1980, vol. 8).
- ↑ 1 2 3 Trailer // Polytechnical Dictionary / A. Yu. Ishlinsky (Ch. Ed.) And others. - 3rd ed., Rev. and add. - M .: Soviet Encyclopedia , 1989 .-- S. 544. - 656 p. - 150,000 copies. - ISBN 5-85270-003-7 .