Brock, Nikolai Petrovich

Came from the nobility of St. Petersburg province ; the son of the Minister of Finance and member of the State Council of the Russian Empire Pyotr Fedorovich Brock . Born on January 10, 1839 .

Educated in the Page Corps , from which he was released June 6, 1857 as a cornet in the Life Guards Hussar Regiment . August 30, 1859 promoted to lieutenant .

Caucasian hiking

On May 25, 1860, Brock was sent to the Caucasus to the Adagum detachment of Major General Babich ; with this detachment he took part in repeated military operations against the highlanders , and on June 28, while foraging on the Abinsk plane, being in a chain with hunters, he was heavily shell-shocked into the bone of his left leg below the knee. This concussion was not included in Brock's track record, for lack of dressing evidence. In contrast to this expedition, Brock was promoted to staff captain on September 25, 1860. Somewhat earlier, on August 30 of the same year, he was appointed to serve for special assignments under the Commander-in-Chief of the Caucasian Army.

On September 17, 1860, Brock was sent by courier to Emperor Alexander II in Tsarskoye Selo , and then sent back to Tiflis by courier from His Majesty to the Commander-in-Chief. During a visit in September 1861 by Emperor Alexander II of the Kuban Region and the Kutaisi Governor General, Brock accompanied the emperor to the emperor. On October 16, 1861, Brock was sent by a courier temporary commander, Prince Orbeliani, to a commander of the Caucasian army, Prince Baryatinsky , who was at that time abroad, in Dresden .

In the captains made April 17, 1862.

Adjutant D. A. Milyutin and Headquarters

On October 17, 1861, he was appointed adjutant to the Minister of War, adjutant general D. A. Milyutin . April 4, 1865 promoted to colonel .

Milyutin entrusted Brock with a number of assignments and business trips, to inspect reserve battalions in different districts, clerical work in the offices of some provincial military commanders, and to examine new recruits. He was sent to Kaluga to investigate the causes of the conflict that arose between the exiled Shamil and his former bailiff, Lt. Col. Przeslavsky , and for the possible elimination of this quarrel.

On October 16, 1868, Brock was appointed to the commission established by the General Staff for the systematic review of existing military regulations. On March 15, 1869, he was appointed a member of the interim commission to study the disorders that took place at the Imperial Medical and Surgical Academy . On May 27, 1869, he was appointed an official of special assignments of the V class under the Minister of War, and on May 31 - the manager of the special office for receiving applicants and parsing requests submitted to the Minister of War and a member of the distribution of benefits commission. On October 3 of the same year, Brock was elected honorary justice of the peace of Lutsk district.

On March 28, 1871, Brock was granted the post of adjutant to His Imperial Majesty, with resignation; On October 1, 1872, according to the Highest Behavior, he was seconded to the Life Guards Pavlovsky Regiment to study the rules of infantry combat service, with the previous assignment to him being assigned to the Ministry of War.

On August 30, 1874 he was promoted to major general (on the basis of a manifesto on February 18, 1762), with the appointment of His Majesty to the retinue, and enlistment in the army cavalry and resignation (seniority in the rank was given since August 30, 1875). From October 21 to November 18, 1874, Brock was a member of the Ministry of War in the interim commission to investigate the disturbances made by students of the Medical and Surgical Academy.

Russo-Turkish War of 1877-1878

March 11, 1875 Brock was appointed commander of the Life Guards of the Moscow Regiment .

On the occasion of the outbreak of war with Turkey , the guard was mobilized in the summer of 1877, and on August 22 the Life Guards of the Moscow Regiment marched from St. Petersburg . Having traveled by rail to the border station of Ungheni , the regiment crossed the border on September 4 and entered Romania . On October 6, Brock and the regiment crossed the Danube at Zimnitsa and Sistov , and entered Bulgaria .

Exactly midnight from October 10 to 11, Brock with the regiment and the 2nd artillery brigade marching under his command of the Life Guards joined the Eski-Brkach village (near Plevna ) in the Guards Corps. On October 12, Brock participated in the battle when he stormed the enemy’s fortified position near Gorny Dubnyak , as part of the middle column forces attacking the Turks from the front, moreover, on the occasion of the wounding of the column leader and commander of the 1st Brigade of the 2nd Guards Infantry Division, took off at 11 o’clock in the morning, the command over the middle column troops (the entire 1st brigade of the 2nd Guards Infantry Division, the 2nd battalion of the Izmailovsky Life Guard regiment , the Life Guards Sapper battalion , the 1st and 2nd batteries of the 2nd Guards of the 2nd artillery brigades).

On October 16, Brock, with the middle column entrusted to him (the 1st brigade of the 2nd Guards Infantry Division and the 2nd, 4th and 5th batteries of the Life Guards of the 2nd Artillery Brigade), was in charge of taking the battle fortified Turkish position at Telish.

For the difference in these matters, Brock was awarded a golden saber with the inscription "For Courage" on April 11, 1878.

On October 16, Adjutant General P.A. Shuvalov , temporary commander of the 2nd Guards Infantry Division, appointed Brock on 16 October as the head of the advance detachment (the Life Guards of the Moscow Regiment, the 4th battery of the Life Guards of the 2nd Artillery Brigade and the Caucasian Cossack Brigade), nominated for classes on the Plevno-Lovchinsky highway Telisha and the village of Radomirtse and their environs.

On October 25, Brock was appointed commander of the 1st Brigade of the 2nd Guards Infantry Division . At that time, there was already a shortage of breadcrumbs in the troops on the occasion of the untimely delivery of commissariat, and on October 26 Brock was appointed head of a special detachment (one battalion from the guards regiments of Semenovsky, Izmailovsky, Jaegers, Grenadier and Pavlovsky, and a team from the guards foot artillery and 8th Dragoon Astrakhan Regiment ), sent to Radolishche and its environs to take, under his leadership, quick measures to collect flour and grain (and grind it), a device for baking bread in the Radomirtz for the Guards Corps and the speedy supply of troops with baked bread. On November 5, Brock completed the assignment entrusted to him and on November 6 joined, with the last parts of the detachment, the Guards Corps, which was at that time near the village of Yablunytsia (along Sofia highway).

On November 6, Brock was appointed head of the right-wing vanguard of the Yablonitsky detachment, taking a fortified position on the Sofia Shoes, near the village of Ussikovitsy, in front of the Pravets heights (Life Guards Moscow Regiment, two battalions of the 11th Infantry Pskov Regiment , 4th Battery of the Life Guards 2- 1st artillery brigade, half the battery of the 3rd artillery brigade and the Caucasian Cossack brigade with the Don Cossack battery with it). With this vanguard, Brock on November 10 became a member of the convoy of Major General Ellis 1st , assigned, according to the disposition of the troops of the guard and cavalry of the Western Detachment, to operate along the Sofia Highway to occupy the Pravetsky Heights from the front. As part of this column, Brock participated on November 10, 11 and 12 in the battle when occupying the Pravetsky Heights from the battle.

On November 20, by order of the Orkhaniy detachment, Brok was appointed the head of the detachment (two companies of the Life Guards of the Izmailovsky Regiment, five companies of the Life Guards of the Jaegers Regiment, the 4th battalion of the Life Guards of the Moscow Regiment, 4th battalion of the Life Guards of the Pavlovsky Regiment, Life Guards 6th Rifle Finnish Battalion and 3rd Battery Life Guards of the 1st Artillery Brigade), which held a fortified position on Sofia Highway, at the heights of the village of Vraches , against the Turkish Lyutikov fortifications.

Then, on November 27, Brock led the Zlatitsky detachment (the Life Guards Grenadier Regiment, two battalions of the 10th Infantry Novoingermanlandsky regiment , the 3rd rifle company of the 12th Infantry Velikolutsk regiment , the combined Cossack brigade and the platoon of the Don Cossack battery attached to it). With this detachment, Brock occupied the Zlatitsky Pass, the southern slopes of the Great Balkans and part of the Zlatitsky Valley and located in it during the descent from the mountains of the villages of Chelopets and Kizlikiya, until December 20 inclusive, participating in the constant firefights, skirmishes and fights with the Turks, who occupied the mountains near Zlatitsa strongly fortified position. On December 21, the detachment finally descended from the mountains and occupied, pursuing the retreating Turks, the city of Zlatitsu and connected with the Etropole detachment that approached it, as a result of which Brock surrendered the command of the connected detachments to Major General Dandeville .

As a result of the order received to join the Guards Corps, Brock made the Life Guards regiment from the village of Pirdop on the Zlatitskaya and Sofiysky valleys on December 27 and, having added three batteries of the Life Guards of the 2nd Artillery Brigade to himself in the village of Tashken, The Sofia-Philippopolskoye highway was connected on December 24, in the village of Vakarel, with the rest of the 2nd Guards Infantry Division. From the village of Vakarel, making up the vanguard of the adjutant general Count Shuvalov’s detachment with the brigade entrusted to him, Brock followed, catching the rapidly retreating army of Suleiman Pasha along the Sofia-Philippopolskoye highway through Ihtiman and Trayanovy Gates (on the Small Balkans); arrived on December 31 at 8 pm in the village of Vetrenovo , from where, on the night of December 31, 1877, on January 1, 1878 he was sent to the front line, to occupy the same highway, with the detachment entrusted to him (Life Guards Grenadier Regiment, 2- the 1st battalion of the Life Guards of the Moscow Regiment and the 4th battery of the Life Guards of the 2nd Artillery Brigade), the village of Buzulu.

On January 1, 1878, Brock carried out, under the personal command of the chief of troops of the guard and cavalry of the Western detachment, Adjutant General Gurko , a reconnaissance of Turkish positions near Tatar-Bazardzhik. Having taken Tatar-Bazardzhik at 7:00 on January 2 and taking the Philippopol railway station from battle, Brock continued on, again making up the vanguard of the detachment of Count Shuvalov. On the same day, at 21:00, the vanguard of Major General Broca crossed the Maritsa River and at 23:00, with a shootout, he occupied the railroad track. January 3 at 11:00, the main forces joined the vanguard. The whole detachment participated in a three-day battle near Philippopolis.

After the occupation of the city on January 4, Brock was appointed military governor of Philippopolis. On January 11, on the occasion of the appearance of the guard from Philippopolis to Adrianople , Brock handed over the post to the head of the 31st Infantry Division, Lieutenant General Velyaminov, and, speaking with the brigade, arrived in Adrianople on the night of January 16-17.

On January 27, Brock with the detachment entrusted to him (1st brigade of the 2nd Guards Infantry Division, Life Guards Sapper Battalion, first four batteries of the Life Guards of the 2nd Artillery Brigade) moved through the cities of Lule Burgas and Chorlu to the shores of the Sea of ​​Marmara and February 2 occupied the city of Erekli. A week later, on February 9, the detachment was transferred to the city of Silivri, from where it made a forced march to Buyuk-Chekmendzhi, which it took on February 11.

February 13, due to the movement of the main apartment of the commander-in-chief of Grand Duke Nikolai Nikolayevich the Elder to San Stefano, Brock moved with his detachment to Kuchyuk-Chekmendzhi, also on the shores of the Sea of ​​Marmara, and then remained in this city and generally around San Stefano and in the vicinity Of Constantinople until August 11, when he moved to Buyuk-Chekmendzhi, for boarding ships and sending to Russia . On August 23, Brock was appointed chief of the port at Buyuk-Chekmendzhi and the chief supervisor of the loading and landing of the remaining troops of the Guards Corps on ships. On August 29, Brock, with the last echelon of the Life Guards of the Moscow Regiment, went to Nikolaev , where he arrived on August 31.

On February 14, 1880, Brok was declared Monarchal goodwill for his excellent and diligent service and labor, incurred in the former army.

On December 19, 1880, Brock was appointed commander of the 2nd Brigade of the 2nd Guards Infantry Division . In 1882, from May 12 to June 10, he temporarily commanded the 1st Guards Infantry Division .

Service in the Separate Gendarmes Corps

On May 9, 1884, Brock was appointed chief of the Warsaw Gendarme District, with the retention of His Majesty and the Guard infantry; On August 24 of the same year, he declared the highest favor for an approximate order in Warsaw during the presence of Emperor Alexander III there . On August 30, 1885, Brock was promoted to lieutenant general .

From September 19, 1897, Brock was at the disposal of the chief of gendarmes, and from January 1, 1900, being on the lists of the Separate Gendarmes Corps, he was an honorary guardian of the Board of Trustees of the institutions of the Empress Maria in St. Petersburg (since 1914 - Petrograd) presence. April 9, 1900 promoted to general from infantry.

After the October Revolution, Brock lived in Moscow , where he died on February 7, 1919.

Among other awards, Brock had the following:

• Order of St. Anne of the 3rd degree (October 27, 1860)
• Order of St. Stanislav 2nd degree (April 17, 1863, the imperial crown was granted to this order on April 4, 1865)
• Order of St. Vladimir 4th degree (April 17, 1867)
• Order of St. Anne of the 2nd degree (April 15, 1869)
• Order of St. Vladimir 3rd degree (April 16, 1872)
• Golden saber with the inscription "For courage" (April 11, 1878)
• Order of St. Stanislav 1st degree with swords (May 29, 1878, for crossing the Balkans)
• Order of St. Anna of the 1st degree with swords (July 16, 1878, for the battle of Philippopolis January 3, 4 and 5, 1878)
• Order of St. Vladimir, 2nd degree (August 30, 1882)
• Order of the White Eagle (September 9, 1889)
• Order of St. Alexander Nevsky (April 17, 1894, diamond signs for this order were granted on March 28, 1904)
• Order of St. Vladimir 1st degree (June 6, 1907)

Foreign:

• Prussian Order of the Crown of the 2nd degree (October 8, 1865)
• Prussian Order of the Red Eagle , 2nd degree (May 4, 1873)
• Austrian Order of the Iron Crown , 2nd Degree (October 1, 1874)
• Swedish Order of St. Olaf 2nd Class Commander's Cross (November 12, 1875)
• Romanian Cross “For Crossing the Danube” (1878)
• Austrian Grand Cross of the Order of Franz Joseph (1885)
• Prussian Order of the Crown of the 1st degree (January 20, 1885)
• Prussian Order of the Red Eagle 1st class (September 27, 1886)
• Montenegrin Order of Prince Daniel I of the 1st degree (September 27, 1886)
• Persian Order of Leo and the Sun of the 1st degree (October 27, 1889)
• Luxembourg Grand Cross of the Order of the Oak Crown (1896)
• Bulgarian Order "St. Alexander" 1st degree (1898)

He was married to the daughter of General Count N. M. Lamzdorf , Nadezhda Nikolaevna (1839-1909); their children: Peter (b. 10.27.1876, Colonel), Alexandra (b. 21.10.1863, wife of V. B. Kolshmidt ), Nadezhda (b. 4.12.1865) and Maria (b. 28.10.1867).

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