Holy Island, Ascension and Tristan da Cunha ( Eng. Saint Helena, Ascension and Tristan da Cunha ) - overseas territory of the United Kingdom , consisting of the islands of St. Helena and Ascension , as well as the archipelago of Tristan da Cunha , located in the South Atlantic west of the African coast. It wore the name of St. Helena and the Territory ( eng. Saint Helena and Dependencies ) until September 1, 2009, when the new constitution came into force, securing the equal status of each island group [2] .
| Saint Helena, Ascension and Tristan da Cunha | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| English Saint Helena, Ascension and Tristan da Cunha | |||||
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| Anthem : "God Save the Queen" | |||||
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| Official language | English | ||||
| Capital | Jamestown | ||||
| Largest cities | Jamestown | ||||
| Form of government | constitutional monarchy , overseas territory of Great Britain | ||||
| Governor and Commander in chief | Lisa phillips | ||||
| Territory | |||||
| • Total | 420 km² | ||||
| Population | |||||
| • Evaluation (2016) | 5633 [1] | ||||
| • Density | 13.4 persons / km² | ||||
| Currency | St. Helena Pound (SHP), equated to Pound Sterling (GBP) | ||||
| Internet domain | .sh and .ac | ||||
| ISO code | |||||
| Telephone code | +290 and 247 | ||||
| Time Zones | UTC + 0 | ||||
Content
Island Geography
Saint Helena is of volcanic origin. In the southern part there are several extinct craters up to 818 m high. The climate is trade-windy, tropical. In elevated areas, up to 1000 mm of precipitation falls annually. In the area of Jamestown - only about 140 mm per year.
On Saint Helena, meadows and shrubs dominate, fir trees , eucalyptus trees and cypresses grow . Ascension Island is covered with grassy vegetation.
Ascension Island - of volcanic origin - a plateau with extinct craters, up to 858 m high (Mount Green). It is located on the underwater ridge. The climate is tropical. Rainfall 700-1000 mm per year.
Tristan da Cunha is a group of four volcanic islands. The main island - Tristan da Cunha Island - in fact represents the summit of the Queen-Maris-Peak volcano (altitude 2062 m above sea level).
Population
The total population of all islands is 5,633 at the 2016 census. 4534 people live on St. Helena, and 293 people live on Tristan da Cunha. Ascension Island has no resident population, only employees and military people live there with families of 1,150 people: 806 residents of St. Helena, 200 people from the UK and 150 people from the United States .
Ethnic composition: Sentelens - descendants of British, Dutch, Portuguese immigrants, Indians, Chinese, Africans.
Administrative divisions
Administratively (and geographically) the territory is divided into three parts, each of which is governed by a council. The Governor of the Territory leads the Legislative Council of St. Helena, and on the Ascension Islands and Tristan da Cunha, he is represented by the administrators heading the Councils of these islands.
| Administrative region | Square km² | Population people (2016, trans.) | Administrative Centre |
|---|---|---|---|
| Saint Helena | 122 | 4534 | Jamestown |
| Ascension Island | 91 | 806 | Georgetown |
| Tristan da Cunha Islands | 207 | 293 | Edinburgh |
| Total: | 420 | 5633 | Jamestown |
St. Helena, in turn, is divided into 8 districts.
Island Economy
The economy is largely dependent on financial aid from the UK, which in 2007 amounted to almost $ 27 million, or 70% of the islands' annual budget. The local population is mainly engaged in fishing, raising livestock and selling handicrafts. There are very few jobs, so 25% of the population leaves in search of work on Ascension Island , the Falkland Islands and the UK . As of 1998, over 1,200 people worked abroad.
Coffee, cereals, potatoes, vegetables are grown on the islands; bred cattle. Fisheries are well developed; in addition to fish on the Tristan da Cunha islands, lobsters are harvested.
Export: flax .
Import: industrial goods, fuel.
Major trading partners: the United Kingdom and South Africa .