Trubetskoy, Sergey Nikolaevich

Born July 23 ( August 4 ), 1862 in the family of Prince Nikolai Petrovich Trubetskoy and his second wife, Sophia Alekseevna, daughter of A. A. Lopukhin . He spent his childhood with numerous brothers and sisters in the estate near Akhtyrk .

In 1874, he and his brother Eugene entered the private gymnasium of F.I. Kreiman , and in 1877, in connection with the appointment of his father as Kaluga vice-governor and the family moved to Kaluga, he transferred to the Kaluga men's state gymnasium .

In 1881, the brothers Sergei and Eugene entered the law faculty of Moscow University , but Sergei two weeks later moved to the historical and philological faculty, where he studied first at the historical and then at the classical department. From the 4th grade of the gymnasium, he became interested in philosophy, at the age of 16 he went through a period of enthusiasm for Anglo-French positivism; in the 7th grade, reading 4 volumes of K. Fisher 's History of a New Philosophy laid the foundation for a critical study of philosophy; the turn to religious philosophy occurred under the influence of reading brochures by A. S. Khomyakov ^[2] . And in his student years he became acquainted with the works of V. S. Solovyov , who became his friend.

In 1885, he graduated from Moscow University with a candidate ’s degree and was left at the Department of Philosophy to prepare for a professorship. The next year he passed master's exams, and since 1888, as a privat-docent, he began to give lectures on the history of ancient philosophy. He traveled abroad several times, where he listened to lectures of famous Western European professors on philosophy, history, classical philology and church history. In 1890 he defended his master's thesis " Metaphysics in Ancient Greece " and received the title of Master of Philosophy, and in 1900 the doctoral Doctrine of the Logos in His History, after which he was awarded the title of Doctor of Philosophy and received the post of extraordinary professor in the department Philosophy of the Faculty of History and Philology; since 1902 he is an ordinary professor . S. N. Trubetskoy taught almost all historical and philosophical courses: the philosophy of the Church Fathers , the history of ancient philosophy, the history of modern philosophy, the history of Christian thought in the first centuries, the philosophy of Plato and Aristotle ^[3] .

He combined professorship with research and journalistic activities. At this time he published philosophically significant articles: “On the nature of human consciousness” (1890), “Determinism and moral freedom” (1894), “Foundations of idealism” (1896); also published many general articles.

In the winter of 1892-1893 he traveled to the Ryazan province to help starving peasants.

In the summer of 1895, Sergei Nikolayevich Trubetskoy settled with his family on the Uzkoye estate. His sons, Nicholas and Vladimir , were immortalized here by their cousin, the famous sculptor Paolo Trubetskoy , who also visited Uzkoye in 1895 ^[4] .

In the years 1899-1901. buried parents, sister A. N. Samarin, closest friends and associates ( N. Ya. Grot , V. S. Solovyov, V. P. Preobrazhensky ). These losses shocked Trubetskoy and undermined his health ^[5] .

In 1902 he was promoted to the rank of state councilor . In the summer of 1903, as the head of the Historical and Philological Student Society, he headed his excursion to study the antiquities of Greece - the first mass excursion of students from Russia. In 1904 he received the Greek Order of the Savior of the 4th degree ^[6] .

Together with L. M. Lopatin he edited the journal “ Questions of Philosophy and Psychology ” (1900-1905).

Since 1900, he has been a member of the Conversation Zemstvo circle, a protoparty association. At the request of the leaders of the first legal Zemsky congress in November 1904, he wrote an explanatory note that formed the basis of the reform project, which was entrusted by the highest authority to the vice director of the economic department of the Ministry of Internal Affairs S. E. Kryzhanovsky . In early June 1905, on behalf of the delegation of liberals - elected from the congress of zemstvo and city leaders - for the first time in Russian history adopted by the emperor, he spoke about the need for popular representation ^[7] . After Nicholas II by decree of August 27, 1905 introduced the "Interim Rules on the Management of Higher Education Institutions by the Ministry of Public Education", the University Council on September 2 elected Prince S. N. Trubetskoy as rector. This was a vivid expression of the authority that he enjoyed in the university staff. However, this did not stop student unrest, which deprived them of the opportunity to conduct normal classes, and on September 22, Trubetskoy decided to close the university, which, however, further heated up the situation in the student community ^[3] . But as a result, the radicals were deprived of the platform for their meetings, which was used under the protection of university autonomy.

On September 29, 1905, at a reception by the Minister of Education at Trubetskoy, a brain hemorrhage occurred, from which he died. He was buried in Moscow at the cemetery of the Donskoy Monastery .

The follower of the Russian philosopher V.S. Solovyov , Trubetskoy, paid special attention to the issues of correlation and interconnection of philosophy and religion , the substantiation of Christian dogma, including immortality.

In his doctoral dissertation, “The Doctrine of the Logos in His History,” he sympathetically and at the same time critically examined the concept according to which Greek philosophy prepared humanity for the perception of Christianity.

Particular attention in his religious philosophy of “ concrete idealism ” was given to the development of the law of “universal correlation”, which boiled down to the assertion that “knowledge acquires a logical sequence only when it is a consequence of the universal mind or the second hypostasis of the divine Trinity .” Through the law of “universal correlation,” Trubetskoy made an attempt to overcome the “one-sidedness” of the approaches of the three pillars of philosophy — rationalism , empiricism, and mysticism — by combining their approaches to cognition of being : reason , experience, and intuition, respectively.

• The doctrine of the logo in its history. Philosophical and historical research. T. 1. - Moscow: type. G. Lissner and A. Geshel, 1900. - [4], 463 p.
• Collected works of Prince. Sergei Nikolaevich Trubetskoy. T. 1-6. - Moscow: type. G. Lissner and D. Sobko, 1906-1912.
  • Journalistic articles published from 1896 to 1905 inclusive.
  • Philosophical Articles
  • Metaphysics in ancient Greece
  • The doctrine of the logo in its history
  • History Course of Ancient Philosophy
• History of Ancient Philosophy, vol. I / M .: 1906
• History of Ancient Philosophy, vol. II / M .: 1908
• Metaphysics in Ancient Greece / M .: 1910

Married on October 6, 1887 to Princess Praskovye Vladimirovna Obolenskaya (1860-1914), daughter of Prince Vladimir Petrovich Obolensky; the wedding took place in the Intercession Church of the village of Goryainovo, Kaluga Uyezd (now Koltsovo ) ^[8] . By that time, her half- brother Peter ^[9] was already married to her sister Alexander. Three children were born in the marriage:

• Maria (1888-1934), emigrated to France with her husband, Count Apollinarius Khreptovich-Butenev (1879-1946); their great-granddaughter Maria Sozzani is the wife of the poet Joseph Brodsky .
• Nicholas (1890-1938)
• Vladimir (1892-1937)

• Volkov V.A., Kulikova M.V., Loginov V.S. Moscow professors of the 18th - early 20th centuries. Humanities and social sciences. - M .: Janus-K, 2006 .-- S. 243-244. - 2000 copies. - ISBN 5-8037-0318-4 .
• Ermishin O. T. Prince S. N. Trubetskoy. Life and philosophy. Biography. M .: Syntax. 2011.
• Lapshin I.I. , Speransky V.N. ,. Trubetskoy, Sergey Nikolaevich // Encyclopedic Dictionary of Brockhaus and Efron : 86 volumes (82 volumes and 4 additional). - SPb. , 1890-1907.
• Korobko M. Yu. In the former estate of Trubetskoy // My Moscow. - 1993. - No. 1-3.
• Imperial Moscow University: 1755-1917: Encyclopedic Dictionary / authors of the project, compiled by A. Yu. Andreev, D. A. Tsygankov. - M .: Russian Political Encyclopedia (ROSSPEN), 2010. - S. 727-728. - 894 p. - 2,000 copies. - ISBN 978-5-8243-1429-8 .
• Obituary // Siberian Trading Newspaper. - No. 211. - October 4, 1905. - Tyumen.
• In memory of Prince S. N. Trubetskoy (Speech delivered at a meeting of the Moscow Psychological Society on October 7, 1905) / B. Fokht . - Moscow: Tipo. t-va I.N. Kushneryov and Co. °, 1906. - 11 p.
• Trubetskoy S.N. / P.P. Gaidenko // New Philosophical Encyclopedia : in 4 volumes / before. scientific ed. Council V. S. Styopin . - 2nd ed., Rev. and add. - M .: Thought , 2010 .-- 2816 p.

• RSL F.305: Trubetskoy, Sergey Nikolaevich. Fund Inventory

• Trubetskoy Sergey Nikolaevich (neopr.) . Chronicle of Moscow University . Date of appeal October 16, 2017.
• Pavlov A. Philosophy at Moscow University (Neopr.) (2002). Date of treatment September 17, 2011. Archived February 18, 2012.
• Nosov A. Trubetskoy, Sergey Nikolaevich. Biography. Philosophical Views (Neopr.) (2002). Date of treatment September 17, 2011. Archived February 18, 2012.
• Trubetskoy, Sergey Nikolaevich. The history of ancient philosophy on the site "Runivers"
• Trubetskoy, Sergey Nikolaevich. The doctrine of the Logos in its history.
• Trubetskoy, Sergey Nikolaevich
• Raised by Akhtyrka.