Raffia ( lat. Raphia ) - a genus of plants of the Palm family ( Arecaceae ), whose homeland is tropical Africa and especially Madagascar , as well as for one species ( Raphia regalis ) - Central and South America .
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 Raphia australis | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Raphia P. Beauv. [2] , 1806 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Raphia vinifera P. Beauv. [3] | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
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see text | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
Reach a height of 16 meters. Leaves are from 15 to 20 meters long, in Raphia regalis - up to 25 m, which makes them the longest leaves of plants [4] . The width of the leaves is up to 3 m. Branched inflorescences reach a diameter of 5 m, bear both pistillate and staminate flowers. Fruits have a fibrous membrane. Raffia blooms once in a lifetime and dies after seed ripening ( monocarpic plants ). In some species, only the aboveground part dies, and new shoots develop from the root.
All types of raffia contain dense fiber in the leaves and petioles, which is used for weaving, making brushes and technical fabric, used in gardening as a dressing. Representatives of the Bapendé people (Congo) use palm leaves to make national costumes.
From natural raffia you can knit hats and handbags.
Views
The genus includes 20 species [5] .
- Raphia africana Otedoh
- Raphia australis Oberm. & Strey
- Raphia farinifera ( Gaertn. ) Hyl.
- Raphia gentiliana De Wild.
- Raphia hookeri G. Mann & H. Wendl.
- Raphia laurentii De Wild.
- Raphia longiflora G. Mann & H. Wendl.
- Raphia mambillensis Otedoh
- Raphia mannii Becc.
- Raphia matombe De Wild.
- Raphia monbuttorum Drude
- Raphia palma-pinus ( Gaertn. ) Hutch.
- Raphia regalis Becc.
- Raphia rostrata burret
- Raphia ruwenzorica Otedoh
- Raphia sese De Wild.
- Raphia sudanica A. Chev.
- Raphia taedigera ( Mart. ) Mart.
- Raphia textilis Welw.
- Raphia vinifera P. Beauv. typus [3]
Notes
- ↑ For the conventionality of indicating the class of monocotyledons as a superior taxon for the plant group described in this article, see the APG Systems section of the Monocotyledonous article .
- ↑ Flore d'Oware et de Bénin, en Afrique. 1806
- ↑ 1 2 Information on the genus Raphia (Eng.) In the Index Nominum Genericorum database of the International Association for Plant Taxonomy (IAPT) .
- ↑ [Hallé, F. 1977. The longest leaf in palms? Principes 21 : 18.]
- ↑ The Plant List : Raphia
Literature
- Rafia (rast. Sem. Palms) // Great Soviet Encyclopedia : [in 30 t.] / Ch. ed. A.M. Prokhorov . - 3rd ed. - M .: Soviet Encyclopedia, 1969-1978.