A perfect game ( English Perfect game ) is a baseball term that defines a game in which a pitcher (or pitchers) wins by spending at least nine innings on a hill and not letting a single opponent go to base [1] . The pitcher cannot allow hits and walks, hit the batter with the ball or allow the player to occupy the opponent's base in any other way. In order to play the perfect game, the pitcher must outsource 27 opponents in a row.
In the history of Major League Baseball , only 23 perfect games were recorded, in modern history (since 1901) - 21. The last perfect game was played on August 16, 2012, when Seattle Mariners pitcher Felix Hernandez put all Tampa players out Bay Flight . "
The perfect game is also a know-hitter and shuttle. A perfect game requires the coordinated work of the whole team, as the mistakes of field players can ruin the pitcher's perfect game. Abbreviated games and games in which the attacking player has reached the base only in extra-inning are not officially considered perfect. Although by the rules a perfect game can be played by several pitchers, all 23 games were played by one pitcher [2] .
History
The first documented use of the term was recorded in 1908 in the Chicago Tribune about the perfect play of Aiddy Joss .
The current definition of “perfect game” was given by the League in 1991, as a result of several games that were previously considered perfect, but in which less than nine innings were played, or the first hit was allowed only in extra-innings, they ceased to be such.
In the history of the World Series , one perfect game was played, on October 8, 1956, by New York Yankees pitcher Don Larsen .
Perfect Major League Baseball Games
- Lee Richmond ( Worcester Ruby Legs vs. Cleveland Blues (1-0)) - June 12, 1880
- John Montgomery Ward ( Providence Grace v. Buffalo Bysons (5-0)) - June 17, 1880
- Sai Young ( Boston Americans vs. Philadelphia Athletics (3-0)) - May 5, 1904
- Eddie Joss ( Cleveland Naps vs. Chicago White Sox (1-0)) - October 2, 1908
- Charlie Robertson ( Chicago White Sox vs. Detroit Tigers (2-0)) - April 30, 1922
- Don Larsen ( New York Yankees vs. Brooklyn Dodgers (2-0)) - October 8, 1956
- Jim Bunning ( Philadelphia Phillies v. New York Mets (6-0)) - June 21, 1964
- Sandy Cowfax ( Los Angeles Dodgers vs. Chicago Cubs (1-0)) - September 9, 1965
- Catfish Hunter ( Auckland Athletics vs. Minnesota Twins (4-0)) - May 8, 1968
- Len Barker ( Cleveland Indian vs. Toronto Blue Jays (3-0)) - May 15, 1981
- Mike Witt ( California Angels vs. Texas Rangers (1-0)) - September 30, 1984
- Tom Browning ( Cincinnati Reds vs. Los Angeles Dodgers (1-0)) - September 16, 1988
- Dennis Martinez ( Montreal Ixpos vs. Los Angeles Dodgers (2-0)) - July 28, 1991
- Kenny Rogers ( Texas Rangers vs. California Angels (4-0)) - July 28, 1994
- David Wells ( New York Yankees v. Minnesota Twins (4-0)) - May 17, 1998
- David Cone ( New York Yankees vs. Montreal Expos (6-0)) - July 18, 1999
- Randy Johnson ( Arizona Diamondbacks vs. Atlanta Braves (2-0)) - May 18, 2004
- Marc Burle ( Chicago White Sox vs. Tampa Bay Flight (5-0)) - July 23, 2009
- Dallas Braden ( Auckland Athletics vs. Tampa Bay Flight (4-0)) - May 9, 2010
- Roy Halliday ( Philadelphia Phillies vs. Florida Marlins (1-0)) - May 29, 2010
- Philip Humber ( Chicago White Sox vs. Seattle Mariners (4-0)) - April 12, 2012
- Matt Kane ( San Francisco Giants vs. Houston Astros (10-0)) - June 13, 2012
- Felix Hernandez ( Seattle Mariners vs. Tampa Bay Flight (1-0)) - August 16, 2012
See also
- The almost perfect game of Armando Galarragi
- Baseball terminology
Notes
- ↑ MLB Miscellany: Rules, regulations and statistics . mlb.com . Major League Baseball . Date of treatment August 16, 2014.
- ↑ No-hitters . mlb.com . Major League Baseball . Date of treatment August 16, 2014.