Zavolzhsky Posad ( Zavolzhie ) is a trade and craft settlement ( posad ) of ancient Tver . Posad was located north of the Kremlin, across the Volga River (hence the name). The road to Novgorod passed through the Volga region.
The settlement was significantly influenced by the landscape of the area: only elevated places, above all, the banks of the Volga and Tvertsa, were suitable for construction. Behind them were the water meadows and the Bukhan bog . From the swamp streams flowed: Kilikeyysky , Gostin , Ilyinsky and Smetok .
Posad occupied a strip along the Volga and Tvertsa rivers (between the modern streets of Gorky and Z. Konoplyannikova). In the southeast, the border of the suburb was the mouth of the r. Tvertsy, in the northeast - the mouth of the river. Sominka , in the west - the mouth of Gostiny Creek (in the present borders: the south - the Volga River; the east - the Tvertsa River; the north - Krasin St., the west - the area of St. Petersburg Outpost) [1] . The approximate area of the tenement was 56 hectares.
On the territory of the Posad, the following chronicles are noted: The Otroch Monastery ( 1265 ), the Nikola Monastery “above the stream” ( 1386 ). In 1626 there were 13 churches and churches. places [2] . At the end of the 17th century along the bank. Volga passed the main street of Posad - Bolshaya passing Novgorodskaya . Parallel p. Kozmodemyanskaya Street was located in Tvertsa and there were settlements: The settlement of the Otroch monastery was located at the mouth of the Tvertsa, and upstream - “ on the Ilyinsky stream ”, “Vypolzikha” and “Volyn” .
Near the banks of the Volga settlement occurred along the Novgorod and Dmitrov roads. Between Ilinsky stream and Bolt Bukhan appeared during the times of the Tver principality Psarskaya Sloboda and Sloboda trap way . Psari bred dogs and trained them for hunting; Falconers and gnome combines raised trapping birds. After Tver lost independence ( 1485 ), psari and falconers went to work in Moscow. Crafts were spread in the Zavolzhsky Posad: blacksmiths , lockers, glass polisher worked [3] .
Over time, the town lost the function of a trade and craft settlement, and became known as the Volga region. During the fire of 1773 , most of the Trans-Volga region burned out. By decree of Empress Catherine II , architect P. P. Nikitin created a plan for the regular development of the area. At present, the historical location of the Zavolzhsky suburb is located on the territory of the Zavolzhsky district of Tver and is called the “Middle Volga region” .
Notes
- Resolution of the Governor of the Tver Region dated 10.26.2000 No. 468
- ↑ Posada Tver . Encyclopedic reference book Tver and Tver region (1994). Archived May 17, 2012.
- ↑ Zavolzhsky Posad (2004). Archived May 17, 2012.
Links
- Zavolzhsky and Zatveretsky posad // Tver in 1674 Palmkvist. - Tver: Edition of the Tver Scientific Archive Commission, 1902. - p. 42-44. - 46 s.
- Posada Tverskoy . Encyclopedic reference book Tver and Tver region (1994). Archived May 17, 2012.
- Zavolzhsky Posad (2004). Archived May 17, 2012.
- The scheme of the Trans-Volga tenements
- Resolution of the Governor of the Tver region of 10.26.2000 № 468