Valet (from Arabic. الولد , - "boy" through French valet - personal servant, gentleman, footman , valet ; the old Russian name is " serf ", "hlap") - a playing card with a picture of a young man. The usual value of a jack is 11 (that is, lower than a queen and above 10), although in some games such as blackjack (literally “black jack”) its value is 10. Jack is the highest possible card in the German “slope”, and the trump jack is in the debit card . In many games (for example, such as Deberts or Belote ) it is less than a dozen in value.
In medieval France, where maps appeared around the 14th century , “pictures” were associated with historical or legendary characters. Jacks corresponded to the following persons [1] [2] :
- Jack of Spades (called Hogier): Ogier Dane , Knight of Charlemagne . True, there is another version that the prototype of Jack of Spades is Roland .
- Jack of Hearts (called Lahire): La Gere , French commander of the Hundred Years War .
- Jack of the Tambourine (called “Hector”): Hector , leader of the Trojan army .
- Jack of clubs (called “Lancelot”): Lancelot Ozerny , Knight of the Round Table .
Designation
In different countries, card figures have acquired different names. In particular, jacks in card decks issued in different countries are indicated by different letters:
- Russia - “B” (from Russian jack )
- USA - “J” (from English Jack )
- Great Britain - “Kn” (from English knave ).
- France - “V” (from French valet )
- Germany - “B” (from German. Bube ) or “U” (from German. Unter )
Jack of Culture
- “ Jack of Hearts ” - a group of scammers operating in the Russian Empire in the 1870s; its core was a company of card cheaters.
- " Jack of Diamonds " - a society of artists ( 1911 - 1917 ).
- “Jack of Hearts” ( 1918 ) - a play by M. Tsvetaeva [3] .
- “ King, Queen, Jack ” - a novel by V. Nabokov .
- "Jack and Queen" (1996) - the song of the group " King and the Jester ".
- “ Jack of Spades ” ( 1999 ) - the story of B. Akunin .
- “Jack of Hearts” - a story by K. M. Stanyukovich.
- “Jack of Diamonds” ( 2000 ) - a novel by Vladimir Orlov .
- Jack Of Diamonds (2008) is a song by Sonic Syndicate .
- “Scourge Knave” (2014) - a game from the Russian-language developer OldHuntsman.
- Jack of Diamonds - the character of the movie " Seven Psychopaths ."
- Jack is one of the most famous players in Samp (later changed his nickname to LuckyMan).
Unicode
Starting with version 6.0 of the Unicode standard, the following codes are provided in it:
- Jack of Spades - 1F0AB playing card jack of spades
- Jack of Hearts - 1F0BB playing card jack of hearts
- Jack of the Tambourine - 1F0CB playing card jack of diamonds
- Jack of clubs - 1F0DB playing card jack of clubs
Notes
- ↑ David Madore. Courts on playing cards . Date of treatment May 22, 2009. Archived February 18, 2012.
- ↑ The Four King Truth . Urban Legends Reference Pages . Date of treatment May 22, 2009. Archived February 18, 2012.
- ↑ s: Jack of Hearts (Tsvetaeva) in Wikisource
Links
- Jack // Brockhaus and Efron Encyclopedic Dictionary : in 86 volumes (82 volumes and 4 additional). - SPb. , 1890-1907.