National High Speed ​​System

High Speed ​​Rail Projects until 2030

The National High-Speed ​​Traffic System (NSVD) is a combination of railway infrastructure, rolling stock and supporting facilities (for example, railway depots) located within a particular state and designed to ensure the movement of high-speed passenger trains between cities at speeds of 250 km / h. Unlike high-speed, for high-speed traffic, as a rule, not reconstructed ordinary, but specially constructed railway tracks are used.

Historically, the first systems of high-speed and then high-speed trains of own production appeared and developed in Japan since the 1960s and France since the 1970s. Later, high-speed train networks developed in Germany , Italy , Spain , as well as the UK , the USA , South Korea , Taiwan , Uzbekistan and some other countries where foreign-made rolling stock is used. Now, with the use of foreign and domestic trains, China has the largest and fastest growing network of high-speed and high-speed railways, exceeding those in Japan and Europe combined.

After the first and only in the USSR high-speed train Moscow - Leningrad ER200, the first high-speed trains in Russia (foreign production) , also on the existing reconstructed lines, connected Moscow with St. Petersburg and Nizhny Novgorod (as well as St. Petersburg with Helsinki ), and the first in the system of specially constructed high-speed lines was to become the High-Speed ​​Railway - 1 (VSZHM-1) , connecting Moscow, Tver and St. Petersburg. VSZhM-1 was planned to be built for the 2018 World Cup , which, however, was postponed. In addition to it, it is planned to build approved as the first priority VSZHM-2 , which will pass from Moscow through Vladimir , Nizhny Novgorod and Kazan to Yekaterinburg , and VSM-3 from Moscow to Sochi ( Adler ). On January 17, 2019, the construction of the first VSM-2 section (from Zheleznodorozhny Moscow Region to Gorokhovets in Vladimirskaya) was approved. It is supposed to allocate 200 billion rubles for the project. from the budget ^[1] . At the same time, the VSM-2 will be built with the participation of China on the basis of its technologies and engineering products, and in the future, passing through Russian Siberia , as well as Kazakhstan and Mongolia , will become part of the Beijing-Moscow high-speed rail, which will be designed for the first time for the circulation of both passenger and freight container trains. High-speed rolling stock of foreign production or development is used and is supposed to be used on these Russian lines.