Sunion (新 義 安, Sun Yee On, Xīn yì ān, Fuixing) is Hong Kong's largest and one of the most influential triads [1] [2] [3] . From Chinese it is translated as "Happiness, justice and rebirth." Also known by the name of the General Association of Industry and Trade "Fui" (or the Commercial and Industrial Guild "New Righteousness and Peace").
| Sungion (新 義 安) | |
|---|---|
| Location | Hong Kong |
| Years of activity | 1919 - present |
| Territory | Hong Kong, China, Taiwan, Macau, Malaysia, Thailand, Japan, USA, Canada, Australia United Kingdom , Belgium , France , Netherlands , Central America |
| Ethnic composition | Chinese |
| Membership | 55,000 - 60,000+ |
| Criminal activity | drug trafficking , fake money making, extortion , murder , racketeering , pimping , human trafficking , money laundering , kidnapping , illegal gambling |
| Allies | Vohoopto |
| Opponents | 14K , Voshinvo |
Content
History
Sungion triad was founded in Hong Kong in 1919 by a native of Chaozhou, Heung Chin [4] . In the 50s, he was deported to Taiwan , from where he continued to lead his organization. After the death of the founder of Sungion, the leadership of the triad passed to his eldest son, Heung Waim, who worked as a lawyer.
In February 1986, former policeman Anthony Chun, who became a member of Sungion, asked the Hong Kong police for protection and agreed to surrender Haung Waim. His testimony led to the arrest of 11 gangsters by the police in April 1987, and during a search in the law firm of Vaima, they found a list of 900 members of Sungion. In October 1987, Haung Waim and five of his henchmen stood trial, and Anthony Chun was the main witness. In January 1988, a jury found Vaim and his accomplices guilty and sentenced the Sunion boss to seven and a half years in prison.
In August 2009, one of the bosses of the Sungion triad Lee Tailong was killed near the Hong Kong Hotel Shangri-La [5] .
Structure
As of 2010, Sungion numbered more than 40 thousand members. The triad is most active in Hong Kong , China ( Guangdong ), Great Britain , France , Belgium and the Netherlands . In addition, Sunion is influential among the Chinese diasporas in the USA ( New York , San Francisco , Los Angeles and Miami ), Canada , Thailand , Australia , Central America , Spain , Germany , Austria , the Czech Republic and Russia .
Having extensive corrupt ties among Chinese officials and police, Sunion is engaged in the production and marketing of counterfeit goods, smuggling, gambling, drugs, racketeering, pimping and human trafficking, namely, it oversees the illegal immigration of the Chinese to Europe and America. Almost all prostitution in the Tsimshatsui and Yaumatei districts ( Yauchimmon County) is controlled by Sunion [6] . Among the main competitors of Sunion are the triads “ 14K ”, “ Vohopto ” and “ Voshinvo ”.
The main subgroups of Sungion
- Chiu Kwong She (潮 光 社)
- Chiu Luen Yee (潮 聯 義)
- Chung Chau Yuet (中 秋月)
- Chung Sun Tong (忠信 堂)
- Hoi Luk Fung (海 陸豐 互助社)
- King Yee (敬 義)
- Sam Shing She (三聖 社)
- Tai Ho Choi (大好 彩)
- Yat Lo Fat (一路 发 幫)
- Yee Kwan (義 群)
- Yee Shing Tong (義 勝 堂)
Notes
- ↑ Davies, Anthony Asia Week (August 25, 1995). Date of treatment May 28, 2006. Archived September 2, 2012.
- ↑ Illuminated Lantern . Date of treatment May 28, 2006. Archived May 31, 2012.
- ↑ Transnational Communities Program . Date of treatment May 28, 2006. Archived September 2, 2012.
- ↑ Dannen, Fredric Partners in Crime: Part 2 (unreachable link) . The New Republic (July 1997). Date of treatment May 28, 2006. Archived February 15, 2013.
- ↑ Lenta.ru: Crime: The leader of one of the triads killed in Hong Kong
- ↑ “'Guru of brothels' busted on $ 380m laundering rap” Archived November 25, 2010 at Wayback Machine , The Standard , Nov 22, 2010