The Don army was repeatedly reorganized (reorganized). The largest of them date back to 1919. The first time this happened on February 23, 1919. The north-eastern, eastern, northern, and western fronts of the Donarmia, which existed from the end of 1918, were transformed into the 1st, 2nd, and 3rd armies, and groups, regions, and detachments into corps (separate) and divisions of 3-4 regiments. Then (May 12, 1919) followed by a second reorganization of the army were transformed into separate corps, the corps were reduced to divisions, divisions into brigades of 3 regiments. After the reorganization, the army consisted of the 1st, 2nd and 3rd Don separate corps, to which the 4th was added on June 28th. Finally, in August 1919, a third reorganization followed: the four-regiment divisions turned into three-regiment brigades, which were reduced to nine-regiment divisions (3 brigades each).
In total, by July 5, 1919, there were 52315 people. (including 2106 officers, 40927 combatant, 3339 auxiliary and 5943 non-combatant lower ranks). On October 5, 1919 it had 25834 units, 24689 sub., 1343 sappers, 1077 pools, 212 op. (183 light, 8 heavy, 7 trench and 14 howitzers), 6 aircraft, 7 armored trains. 4 tanks and 4 armored vehicles.
At the time of decisive battles on the southern front of the civil war in Russia in September-December 1919, the combat schedule of the Army was as follows:
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1st Don Separate Building
Commander - General-Major N.N. Alekseev . Chief of Staff - Regiment. P.N. Sannikov . Composition: 6th Don Division, 10th and 14th Don Horse Brigades and hundreds of special forces (187 sub., 1 pul.). On October 5, 1919 totaled 5190 bayonets, 6699 sub., 214 sappers, 157 pul. , 32 guns
- 6th Don Division (6th Don Plastun Division).
Head - Gen. I.P. Donskov . As of October 5, 1919, there were 5190 units, 2732 subwoofers, 214 sappers, 114 pools, 24 op.
- 3rd Don Plastun Brigade.
Head - Gen. Major A.M. Sutulov (October 1919). The beginning headquarters - cap. N.T. Razdorov. As of October 5, 1919, there were a total of 2,949 units, 906 sub., 52 pools, 10 op. It included the 5th (1277 pcs., 255 sub., 12 pul.), 6th (949 pcs., 244 sub., 18 pul.) And 15th (723 pcs., 203 sub., 19 pul. ) Don Plastun regiments, a hundred convoys (204 sub., 3 puls.), 13th and 15th Don lungs (4 op.) And 2 Don mortar (2 op.) Batteries, as well as an engineering hundred 10 Don division (128 people).
- 4th Don Plastun Brigade.
Heads: regiment. P.A. Ovchinnikov (January - March 1919), regiment. Medvedkov (October 1919). The beginning headquarters - the regiment. Zimin (spring 1919) On October 5, 1919, there were a total of 2241 units, 1826 sub., 62 pools, 14 op. It included the 51st (558 units, 140 sub., 6 pools), 61st (677 units, 185 sub., 9 pools) and 73rd (390 units, 322 sub., 8 pools. ) Don Plastonic regiments, Old Believer Battalion (472 units, 80 sub., 13 pools), 18th Don Cavalry Regiment (852 sub., 12 pools), One Hundred Special Purpose Commander of the Don Army (144 units, 62 sub) ., 6 puls.), Convoy hundred (90 sub., 1 pul.), Escort hundreds of the headquarters of the 6th Don division (195 sub., 1 pul.), 41th and 50th Don lungs (4 op .), The 10th Don Mortar (4 op.) And the 2nd Don heavy (2 op.) Batteries, as well as the engineering hundred of the 6th Don division (86 people).
- Separate horse brigades of corps submission
- 10th Don Horse Brigade. (transferred to the 10th Don Cavalry Division of the 4th Don Separate Corps in summer)
Heads: regiment. A.N. Laschenov, regiment. Egorov. The beginning headquarters - the regiment. V.A. Colonels. On October 5, 1919, there were only 1,065 sub. and 14 pool. It included the 16th Kaledinsky (333 sub., 6 pul.), The 17th Nazarovsky (545 sub., 5 pul.) And the 64th Baklanovsky (187 sub., 3 pul.) Horse regiments and the 10th horse battery (4 op.).
- The 14th Don Separate Horse Brigade.
Heads: regiment. (Gen. Major) A.V. Golubintsev , troops. senior. Korneev (interim; from September 4, 1919), regiment. Gavrilov (interim; until December 7, 1919), General Major Turover (interim; until January 16, 1920). The beginning headquarters - troops. senior. Korneev. On October 5, 1919 totaled only 2705 sub. and 28 pool. It included the 28th, 29th and 30th Ust-Medveditsky horse regiments, the 42nd Don horse battery (4 op.) And the horse-sapper hundreds (132 sub., 2 pools). In November - December 1919 it was attached to the 2nd Don Separate Building
2nd Don Separate Corps
Commanders: Gen. Major P.I. Konovalov , regiment. I.E. Polivanov (Wreed; November - December 1919), Gen. Major A.M. Sutulov (1919-1920). On October 5, 1919, there were a total of 7778 units, 9727 sub., 222 sappers, 294 pools, 61 op. Composition: Donskaya Consolidated-Partisan, 7th Donskoy and 1st Consolidated Divisions, Troops Donskoy Engineering Hundred (100 people), 2nd and 6th mortar batteries, Sokol and Pecheneg armored vehicles.
- Don Consolidated Partisan Division.
The chief is a regiment. N.Z. Neymerok . The beginning headquarters - cap. PC. Yasevich (since November 28, 1919) As of October 5, 1919, there were 3363 units, 3351 sub., 59 sappers, 146 pools, 27 op. Included 1st Don partisan, 2nd Don volunteer, 3rd Don separate volunteer and 4th Don horse brigade
- 1st Don partisan brigade.
On October 5, 1919, there were a total of 461 units, 473 sub., 26 pools. It included the 1st Semiletovsky (111 pcs., 65 sub., 5 pools), the 2nd Chernetsovsky (71 pcs., 122 sub., 6 puls.), The 3rd Dudakovsky (248 pcs., 286 sub., 15 pul.) Detachments, Scooter hundred (31 pcs.) And Don partisan artillery division (7 op).
- 2nd Don Separate Volunteer Brigade.
On October 5, 1919, there were a total of 2251 units, 387 sub., 31 pools. It included the 1st (734 units, 10 pools) and the 2nd (760 units, 57 sub., 13 pools) foot regiments, the consolidated equestrian division (262 sub, 2 pools), the combined battery (4 Or.) and an engineering half (59 people).
- 3rd Don Separate Volunteer Brigade.
On October 5, 1919, there were only 651 units, 198 sub., 60 pools. Included Bogucharsky (309 pcs., 65 sub., 39 pul.), Starobelsky (179 pcs., 43 sub., 9 pul.), And Voronezh (163 pcs., 9 pul.) Separate battalions, combined horse division (90 sub., 3 pul.) and the Bogucharsky artillery division (8 op.).
- 4th Don Horse Brigade.
The commander is a regiment. I.I. Avchinnikov (July 1919). The beginning headquarters - troops. senior. ON. Khokhlachev On October 5, 1919, there were only 2293 sub., 29 pools. It included the 19th Elansky (620 sub., 11 pul.), The 20th Veshensky (858 sub., 11 pul.) And the 24th Kalinovsky (815 sub., 7 pul.) Horse regiments, and the 4th Donskoy equestrian artillery division (8 op.; 14th and 18th batteries).
- 7th Don Division .
The chief is a regiment. O.I. Savvateev . The beginning headquarters: regiment. P.A. Sitnikov , regiment. Brewers On October 5, 1919 totaled 2434 units., 4847 sub., 120 pools., 25 op. It included the 1st and 5th Don Plastonic brigades, the 5th and 6th Don equestrian brigades, the 4th (1 op.) And 7th (2 op.) Mortar batteries and an engineering hundred (63 people) .
- 1st Don Plastun Brigade.
The chief is a regiment. ON. Korenev (Feb 1920). The beginning headquarters - cap. P.S. Butchers On October 5, 1919 totaled only 580 pcs., 310 sub., 66 pools. It included the 1st (295 pcs., 110 sub., 30 pul.) And the 2nd (285 pcs., 200 sub., 36 pul.) Don plastonic regiments and the Don border artillery division (4 op.).
- 5th Don Plastoon Brigade
On October 5, 1919, there were only 1374 units, 514 sub., 25 pools. It included the 21st (610 units, 136 sub., 9 pools), the 22nd (357 units, 178 sub., 8 pools) and the 25th (405 units, 200 sub., 8 pools. ) Khopersky plastun regiments and the 5th Donskoy light artillery division (7 op.).
- 5th Don Horse Brigade.
The commander is a regiment. N.V. Salnikov (July 1919). On October 5, 1919, there were a total of 120 pcs., 2081 sub., 13 pools. It included the 21st (486 sub., 4 pul.), 22nd (822 sub., 9 pul.) And 23 (120 pcs., 733 sub.) Khopersky horse regiments, and the 5th Don artillery division (6 op.).
- 6th Don Horse Brigade.
The commander is a regiment. S.D. Pozdnyshev (July 1919). The beginning headquarters - regiment. N.V. Debts On October 5, 1919 totaled only 1942 sub., 16 pools. It included the 25th Ermakovsky (654 sub., 4 pul.), 26th (558 sub., 4 pul.) And 27th (730 sub., 8 pul.) Buzuluk horse regiments, and the 6th Don horse -artillery division (5 op.; 22nd and 24th batteries.
- 1st Combined Division of the Don Army.
Head - Gen. Major P.F. Savelyev On October 5, 1919, there were 2341 in total, 1529 sub., 28 pools, 9 op. Included: 1st (405 sub., 7 pul.), 2nd (461 sub., 5 pul.) And 3rd (430 sub., 3 pul.) Consolidated horse regiments, 3rd (900 pieces) ., 6 pul.) And the 4th (1441 pcs., 230 sub., 7 pul.) Combined plastonic regiments, the 22nd (4 op.) And 44th (1 op.) Don and English (4 op. .) light batteries. The 4th combined cavalry and escort regiments, which were part of the division, were separated from it at the beginning of October 1919 and made up the 2nd combined cavalry brigade sent to the rear area of the Volunteer Army.
3rd Don Separate Corps
Commander - Gen. Leith. M.M. Ivanov (until November 22, 1919). The beginning headquarters - regiment. A.V. Govorov On October 5, 1919, there were 11671 units, 2218 submarines, 907 sappers, 387 pools, 85 op. Composition: 1st, 2nd, 3rd Don Horse Divisions, 5th (from the fall of 1919 - 8th and 9th Don Plastoon Brigades) and 8th Don Division, 2nd Don Infantry Brigade and Tula foot brigade, as well as the Special Horse Hundred (211 sub., 4 pools), artillery platoon (2 op.), 1st and 2nd batteries of marine heavy artillery, armored trains "General Baklanov", "Mityakinets", " General Guselshchikov ”,“ Gundorovets ”,“ Razdorets ”,“ Ataman Orlov ”and“ Ataman Bogaevsky ”, armored vehicles“ Ursa Major ”and“ Lugano-Mityakinets ”
- 1st Don Cavalry Division
The chief is Gen. Leith. F.F. Abramov (until November 1919). The beginning headquarters: regiment. B.A. Ivanov (d. August 16, 1919), regiment. E.I. Nikitin On October 5, 1919 in total, there were 943 units, 497 sub., 31 pools, 8 op. It included the Cossack Life Guards (194 pcs., 66 sub., 8 pools), the Ataman Life Guards (240 pcs., 131 sub., 9 pools), the 4th Don Cossack (298 pcs., 180 sub. , 8 pul.) And the 3rd Kalmyk equestrian (211 pcs., 120 sub., 6 pul.) Regiments, Horse-sapper hundreds (203 people) and the 1st Don horse-artillery division: 1st and 2nd 1st Don horse batteries (4 op. each).
- 2nd Don Cavalry Division
The chief is a regiment. A.I. Babkin. The beginning headquarters - the regiment. V.A. Zimin On October 5, 1919, there were a total of 941 units, 371 sub., 51 pools, 11 op. Included the 5th (307 units, 103 sub., 11 pools), 6th (167 units, 50 sub. , 9 pul.), 7th (203 pcs., 138 sub., 18 pul.) And 8th (264 pcs., 80 sub., 13 pul.) Don Cossack regiments, Horse-sapper hundreds (193 people .), The 3rd Don Plastun battery (4 howitzers) and the 2nd Don equestrian artillery division: 3rd (3 op.) And 4th (4 op.) Don horse batteries.
- 3rd Don Cavalry Division.
Heads: Gen. D.S. Krivov (since September 1919), Gen. Major M.A. Silent (1920). The beginning headquarters: regiment. S.K. Borodin, regiment. ON. Petrovsky, lieutenant. G.I. Arvaniti (October 1919), regiment. A.G. Oransky (March - April 1920). Brigade commanders: 1st — Gen.-Major E.I. Tapilin , 2nd - Gen.-Major V.I. Tapilin . On October 5, 1919, there were a total of 1486 units, 521 sub., 26 pools, 6 op. It included the 9th (412 units, 71 sub.), 10th (417 units, 60 sub., 9 pools), 11th (420 units, 184 sub., 9 pools) and 12 th (237 pcs., 206 sub., 8 pul.) Don Cossack regiments, Horse-sapper hundreds (170 people), 3rd Don horse-artillery division: Life Guards 6th Cossack (4 op.) and 5th Don Cavalry (3 op.) Batteries and spare horse regiment
- 8th Don Division
The chief is Gen. Leith. I.E. Guliga . The beginning headquarters: regiment. G.N. Kuznetsov (from April 28, 1919), regiment. A.G. Oransky. On October 5, 1919, there were (without the 7th cavalry brigade) 2056 units, 282 sub., 151 sappers, 60 pools, 12 op. It included the 6th and 7th Don Plastonic and 7th Don Cavalry Brigades.
- 7th Don Plastoon Brigade
Head - Gen. Major F.F. Dukmasov On October 5, 1919, there were only 538 units, 32 sub., 22 pools, 4 op. It included the 34th Ermakovsky Plastunsky (243 units, 32 sub., 7 pools), the 36th Ust-Belokalitvensky (181 units, 8 pools) and the 10th Don Plastunsky (141 units, 7 pools) regiments, engineering hundred (151 people) and the 7th Donskoy light artillery division: the 27th Meshkovskaya and 35th Donskoy light batteries (2 op. each)
- 7th Don Horse Brigade
Head - Gen. Major T.M. Starikov Included 33rd Verkhne-Don, 34th Catherine and 36th Ust-Belokalitvensky horse regiments and 30th Don horse battery
- Separate corps subordination brigades
Two infantry brigades:
- 2nd Don Rifle Brigade
Heads: Gen. Major A.N. von Moller (until March 28, 1919), Gen. Major A.V. Yessimantovsky (from March 28, 1919), Gen. Major P.K. Pisarev (from April 10, 1919), regiment. G.K. Erofeev (October 1919). The beginning headquarters - regiment. Butchers (from November 11, 1919). As of October 5, 1919, there were a total of 2183 units, 130 sub., 119 pools, 21 op. Included L.-G. Finland (828 pcs., 45 pul.), 3rd Donskoy rifle (825 pcs., 46 pul.) And Donskoy Training (530 pcs., 130 sub., 18 pul.) Regiments, engineering company (132 people.) , The 17th Donskoy (4th arr.), The English trench (7th arr.), The 1st Donskaya heavy (2th arr.) Batteries and the 2nd Donskaya rifle artillery division (8th arr.).
- Tula foot brigade .
The chief is a regiment. F.V. Deacons . The beginning Headquarters - Gen. D.A. Melnikov . It was formed in the Don Army on August 7, 1919 on the basis of the Red Division which switched to Tula on its side as the 1st Tula Volunteer Infantry Division. On October 5, 1919, there were only 1791 units, 19 pools. It included the 1st (650 pcs., 8 pul.), 2nd (448 pcs., 8 pul.) And 3rd (623 pcs., 3 pul.) Tula pedestrian regiments, an engineering company (58 people). and artillery division (5 op.). In September 1919 it was renamed the Tula Foot Brigade.
Two separate Plastun brigades, previously included in the 5th Don division
- 8th Don Plastun Brigade
Heads: Gen. D.S. Krivov (March 17 - April 24, 1919), regiment. Yakushov (April 24 - May 29, 1919), Gen. Major E.I. Tapilin (May 29 - August 9, October 1919), Gen. Major I.V. Svirchevsky (from November 3, 1919 approved on November 26, February 1920). The beginning headquarters: pcs. Drozdovsky (March 7 - April 24, 1919), regiment. Kuznetsov (from April 24, 1919), regiment. ON. Korenev (from May 24, 1919), regiment. ON. Samoilov On October 5, 1919, there were a total of 1256 units, 150 sub., 49 pools, 12 units. It included the 96th Plastunsky (830 pcs., 82 sub., 37 pul.) And 12th Kamensky (425 pcs., 68 sub., 12 pul.) Regiments, the 1st Don Plastun artillery division (8 op.) and the 19th Don Battery (4 op.), as well as the 4th Battery of the Voronezh Corps and an engineering hundred.
- 9th Don Plastun Brigade
Head - Gen. P.A. Ovchinnikov On October 5, 1919, there were only 1015 units, 56 sub., 20 pools. It included the 13th (600 pcs., 9 pul.) And the 14th (415 pcs., 10 pul.) Don plastonic regiments, the equestrian hundred of the headquarters of the 5th division (56 sub., 1 pul.) And the 26th Don light battery (4 op.)
4th Don Separate Corps
Formed in the Don army on June 28 (actually July 11) 1919. Composition: 9th and 10th Don divisions. In July - September 1919 he made a deep raid on the rear of the Red Army. On May 1, 1920, the 2nd Don Cavalry Division (II) was formed from its units. Commander - Gen. Leith. K.K. Mamontov (July 1919 - January 1920), Gen. Leith. A.A. Pavlov (January - February 1920). The beginning headquarters: regiment. (Gen. Major) K.T. Kalinovsky (from October 15, 1919). gene. N.L. Nikolaev (interim; March 1920), gene. N.P. Kalinin (March - April 1920) On October 5, 1919, there were 3400 sub., 103 pools., 14 op.
- 9th Don Horse Division
Head - Gen. Major A.S. Secrets . The beginning headquarters: regiment. S.Ya. Sobolevsky (until November 11, 1919), regiment. I.I. Avchinnikov (since December 6, 1919) As of October 5, 1919, there were a total of 1024 sub., 51 pools., 7 op. It included the 8th, 11th and 12th Don horse brigades, and by the autumn of 1919 - the 8th (348 sub., 17 pul.), 11th (291 sub., 18 pul.) And 12th (385 sub., 26 pul.) Don combined horse regiments.
- 10th Don Horse Division
Heads: Gen. Major B.D. Tolkushkin (summer 1919), general-major G.V. Tatarkin (October 1919 - April 1920), etc. Major General N.L. Nikolaev (February 1920). The beginning headquarters: regiment. V.A. Vishnevsky (1919), troops. senior. P.L. Frolov (February 1920). On October 5, 1919, there were a total of 2376 sub., 52 pools., 7 op. It included the 9th and 13th (also the 10th in summer) Don horse brigades.
- 9th Don Horse Brigade
Heads: Gen. G.V. Tatarkin (May - October 1919), regiment. F.V. Deacons . The beginning headquarters - troops. senior. P.L.Frolov On October 5, 1919 there were a total of 1516 sub., 28 pul., 3 op. It included the 13th (369 sub., 10 pul.), 14th (559 sub., 8 pul.) And 15th (588 sub., 10 pul.) Don horse regiments
- 13th Don Horse Brigade
Heads: Gen. Major A.P. Popov , regiment. S.V. Zakharevsky. The beginningheadquarters - EU. S.N. Flerin. On October 5, 1919, there were only 860 sub., 24 pools., 4 op. It included the 45th (247 sub., 8 pul.), 46th (253 sub., 6 pul.) And 48th (360 sub., 10 pul.) Horse regiments
Links
- Volkov S.V. White movement in Russia: organizational structure.
- Materials for the history of the White movement on the Don // Almanac "White Guard", No. 8. Cossacks of Russia in the White movement. M., "Sowing", 2005, pp. 40-42.