Java literature is the oldest literature of Indonesia in the Javanese language . Many historical events and various religions have influenced Javanese literature: Islam , Christianity , Buddhism, and Hinduism .
Content
History
Until the XVI century
It developed on the basis of local folklore and ancient Indian epos. The oldest monument in the language of Kavi is a collection of the rules of versification “Chan dakaran” (circa 778), on the basis of which the kakavin poems were created. K X — XII centuries. This includes prosaic retellings of the Puranas , Buddhist treatises, and many books of the Maha-Bharata. Based on Indian plots, court poets created original works, the action of which was transferred to the island of Java . The 14th century poem “Arjunavijaya” is considered a purely Javanese composition. Buddhist plots and motifs of Javanese literature are not peculiar (the exception is “Sutasome”) [1] . During the existence of the empire of Majapahit (1293 - about 1520) in Java, literature appeared in Middle Javanese , based on local folklore: the prose cosmogonic treatise “Tantupangelaran”, the historical legend “Chalop Arang”, pseudo-chronicle “Pararaton”. In poetry, the native Javanese prosodia dominated Machapat. A significant place was taken by the romance epic (poems about Panji and Damar Voulan).
XVI – XIX centuries
Islam, established in Java in the XVI-XVII centuries, brought hagiographic literature on the themes: the prophet Muhammad , Amir Hamzah , Javanese Muslim devotees and works on Arab and Persian stories. Shaky political situation on the island in the XVI-XVII centuries. contributed to the spread in the literature of various messianic concepts, as well as stories of fair rulers. However, there were also realistic features (the poem “Penetrating”, end of the seventeenth century). In the fantastic pseudo-chronicle Baron Sakendar, the Dutch East India Company is ridiculed. 1st half of the XIX century. - The last period of development of classical Javanese literature, called the “Javanese Revival”, which is characterized by “flight into the past”. Then almost all the ancient Javanese literature and many works of Javanese and Malay literature two hundred years ago were transferred to Javanese. Renovation of Javanese literature took place in the nineteenth century. with the spread of typography. There are lyric-philosophical poems: "Kitab vichara keras" Yasodipuro , "Djoko Lodang" and "Kolotido" Ronggovarsito . The proportion of prose works has increased significantly - numerous educational brochures, books on travel, didactic novels, mostly on folk stories. A new poetry is emerging.
From the 20th century
From the 2nd quarter of the 20th century, and especially after the independence of Indonesia was declared in 1945, many Javanese writers began to write in Indonesian . In modern Javanese literature, the most common genre is the short story . Rare novels are mostly domestic coloring.
See also
- Sutmulder pete