State border of Azerbaijan

By land, the territory of the Republic of Azerbaijan borders with 5 states. The total length of the land border is 2657.4 kilometers: 390.3 km with the Russian Federation , 480 km with Georgia , 1007.1 km with Armenia , 15 km with Turkey , and 765 km with Iran ^[2] .

It should be noted that in 1988 the Armenian-Azerbaijani conflict began , after the collapse of the USSR it grew into the Karabakh war . As a result of hostilities in 1992-1993 , the armed forces of the unrecognized Nagorno-Karabakh Republic, with the support of the Armenian armed forces, established control over the territory of the former Nagorno-Karabakh Autonomous Region and adjacent areas of Azerbaijan , which was qualified by the UN Security Council as occupation ^{[3] [4] [5] [ 6]} . Subsequently, these territories were included in the NKR .

With Georgia

The state border between Azerbaijan and Georgia is 480 km. Georgia is bordered by the Kazakh , Akstafa , Tauz , Samukh , Kakh , Zakatala and Belokan regions of Azerbaijan. The extreme northern point of Azerbaijan is located on the border.

Since 1996, work has been underway to delimit the border. By 2011, 300 km of the border were agreed ^[7] .

Some sections of the Georgian-Azerbaijani border remain controversial. So, on the site in the area of ​​the monastery complex " David Gareji " there is still no consent. The Georgian side claims that the historical monument is located on the territory of Georgia, while Azerbaijan disputes this territory. The state border between Azerbaijan and Georgia actually divides the monastery into two parts.

There is also a problem on the border, where in the 70s the Alazani River changed its course ^[7] .

With Russia

The modern land interstate border between Russia and Azerbaijan is 390.3 km. Until 1991, it was the border between the RSFSR (including the Dagestan ASSR ) and the Azerbaijan SSR . Belokansky , Zakatalsky , Kakhsky , Sheki , Oguz , Gabala , Kusar and Khachmas regions of Azerbaijan border Russia

Automobile, railway and pedestrian traffic between Russia and Azerbaijan is carried out through several checkpoints. The border is divided into three sections - mountain, foothill (passes along the Samur river) and lowland (Samur delta in the Caspian lowland). The burning question is the partition of the waters of the Samur River, intensively used for irrigation.

The border is established by an agreement signed in Baku on October 3, 2010 . It entered into force under Article 7 on the day of the exchange of instruments of ratification ( July 18, 2011 ^[8] ).

With Armenia

In connection with the Karabakh conflict, the border between Armenia and Azerbaijan was closed, as with the support of the Armenian armed forces , control of the armed forces of the unrecognized Nagorno-Karabakh Republic was established over the territory of the former NKAR and the adjacent regions of Azerbaijan. Occupation of certain areas outside the former NKAR was qualified by the UN Security Council as occupation. Azerbaijan considers Armenia an occupying country.

The border with Armenia consists of two parts: The main part of the border is located east of Armenia. It begins in the north from the border crossing point of Armenia, Azerbaijan and Georgia (the southwestern slope of Mount Babakar (700.8 m) ^[9] ) and ends in the south with the second border crossing point of Armenia, Azerbaijan and Iran (located on the Araks River ( 38 ° 52'06 "N 46 ° 32'05" E)). Azerbaijan is bordered by the Kazakh , Akstafa , Tauz , Kedabek , Dashkesan , Kelbajar , Lachin , Kubatlinsky and Zangelan regions of Azerbaijan. The territory of the last four is completely controlled by the unrecognized Nagorno-Karabakh Republic . The second part of the border is located south of Armenia and separates the Azerbaijani exclave of the Nakhichevan Autonomous Republic from the rest of the country. On this side, Sadarak , Sharur , Kengerlinsky , Babek , Shahbuz , Dzhulfinsky and Ordubad districts of Azerbaijan border Armenia.

Inside the territory of Armenia are the Azerbaijani exclaves Barkhudarly , Upper Askipara ^[10] and Karki , which came under the control of Armenia after the Karabakh war, while the Armenian exclave Artsvashen came under the control of Azerbaijan.

Relations between the parties are still tense, they have repeatedly reported violations of the ceasefire on the Armenian-Azerbaijani border. The parties accuse each other of violation.

With Turkey

The Azerbaijani-Turkish border, the length of which is only 15 km, runs along the Araks River and is located in the north-west of the Nakhchivan Autonomous Republic, separated from the rest of the country by Armenia. Only the Sadarak region of Azerbaijan borders on Turkey. The extreme western point of Azerbaijan is located on the border.

Formed (as the border of Turkey with the Nakhichevan Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic) in the 1930s, as a result of a territorial exchange with Persia ^[11] . The latter abandoned the area around the two peaks of Ararat in favor of the areas in Kurdistan.

It is a strategically important geopolitical corridor linking Turkey and Azerbaijan. At the border there is a checkpoint   Diluju -   Sadarak.

With Iran

The extreme southern point of Azerbaijan is located on the border.

Azerbaijan borders on the Caspian Sea with Russia , Kazakhstan , Turkmenistan and Iran . The maritime border is 713 kilometers ^[2] .

Border Guard

The Coast Guard of the Republic, along with the offshore oil and gas structure, is continuously engaged 24 hours a day by the Coast Guard of the Republic of Azerbaijan. In 2011, GPS began admission to the Academy for maritime specialties. The GPS has high-level relations with the relevant structures of the Caspian countries. Close relations are developing with the structures of Russia, Kazakhstan and Turkmenistan ^[12] .

Today, oversized ships, high-speed boats, modern radar systems and other equipment are used to protect the sea borders of Azerbaijan.

In addition, new ships and boats are being procured. Along with this, a division of northern boats is being commissioned. Coast guard exercises are also being held ^[12] .

• The territory of Azerbaijan
• Geography of Azerbaijan