Type B destroyers are a type of destroyers that were in service with the Royal Navy of Great Britain in the 1930s and during the Second World War . The second series of British inter-war serial destroyers (the so-called "standard" destroyers). As a flotilla leader , the destroyer HMS Keith was designed.
| Type B Destroyers | |
|---|---|
| B class destroyer | |
 Destroyer HMS Brazen type B, 1931 | |
| Project | |
| A country |
|
| Manufacturers |
|
| Operators |
|
| Previous type | type A |
| Subsequent type | types C and D |
| Years built | 1929 - 1931 |
| In the ranks | removed from the fleet |
| Main characteristics | |
| Displacement | 1360 ( Keith - 1400) t standard, 1815 (Keith - 1821) t full |
| Length | 95.1 m (at the waterline ) 98.45 m (highest) |
| Width | 9.83 m |
| Draft | 3.73 m |
| Engines | 2 pza Parsons ( Basilisk , Beagle - Brown-Curtiss), 3 PCs Admiralty type |
| Power | 34,000 liters with. |
| Mover | 2 screws |
| Travel speed | 35.25 knots |
| Navigation range | 4800 miles at 15 knots Oil stock 380 tons |
| Crew | 138 people (Keith - 175) |
| Armament | |
| Artillery | 4 × 1 - 120 mm / 45 guns QF Mk. IX (HMS Keith - 3) |
| Flak | 2 × 1 - 40 mm / 40 "pom-pom" [1] |
| Anti-submarine weapons | 1 duster 2 bombs 15 depth charges |
| Mine-torpedo armament | 2 × 4 533 mm TA [2] |
Content
Creation history and design features
Type B destroyers were a variant of the previous type A , differing only in enhanced anti-submarine weapons due to the removal of the trawl. At the design stage, it was intended to preserve the main armament, simultaneously switching to five-pipe torpedo tubes by reducing the number of guns from four to three [3] . The ships were built according to the program of 1928 , laid down at various shipyards in 1929 , lowered in 1930 and became part of the fleet in 1931 .
As the leader of a flotilla of destroyers of type B, the squadron destroyer HMS Keith was designed and built. Unlike the leader of a flotilla of destroyers of type A ( HMS Codrington ), it practically did not differ from the "rank and file" ships of the series in its size. As a result, the ship’s premises were not enough to accommodate the entire flotilla headquarters and one of the B-type destroyers, HMS Blanche , was re-equipped as a divisional leader [3] .
Armament
Main caliber artillery
The main-caliber artillery consisted of four 120 mm Mark IX guns. The maximum elevation angle of 30 °, a decrease of 10 °. The mass of the projectile is 22.7 kg, the initial speed is 807 m / s, the range at the maximum elevation angle: 14,450 m. The guns had a rate of fire of 10 to 12 rounds per minute [4] . Ammunition included 190 shots on the barrel [5] .
Anti-aircraft weapons
Anti-aircraft armament consisted of a pair of Pom-Pom (the ammunition consisted of 500 rounds of ammunition per gun) and four Lewis machine guns with a reserve of 2000 cartridges per barrel [5] .
Torpedo Weapons
Torpedo armament included two 533-mm four-tube torpedo tubes.
Service and Upgrades
Type B destroyers took an active part in the hostilities of the Second World War . Five destroyers (including the leader of the flotilla HMS Keith , died. In 1944, HMS Boreas was transferred to the Royal Navy of Greece and renamed "Salamis" (returned to Great Britain in 1951 and sold for scrap). the end of the withdrawn from the fleet and in subsequent years dismantled for metal.
During the war, ships were repeatedly subjected to modernization and change of weapons. Due to the removal of torpedo tubes, anti-aircraft armament (76-mm gun) was strengthened, due to the removal of the stern gun - anti-submarine (additional bomb bombers were added, and the number of depth charges was increased). Light anti-aircraft weapons were also repeatedly changed during the war. The total displacement of the Type B destroyers at the end of the war reached 1930–1990 tons [3] .
List of destroyers of the type [3] [6]
Flotilla Leader
| Pennant number | Title | Shipyard builder | Bookmark Date | Date of launch | Date of entry in the fleet | Withdrawal date from the fleet / death | Fate |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| H06 | HMS Keith | Vickers-armstrong | october 1929 | July 10, 1930 | June 1931 | June 1, 1940 | German aircraft sunk from Dunkirk |
Serial ships
| Pennant number | Title | Shipyard builder | Bookmark Date | Date of launch | Date of entry in the fleet | Withdrawal date from the fleet / death | Fate |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| H11 | HMS Basilisk | John Brown & Company | August 19, 1929 | August 6, 1930 | March 1931 | June 1, 1940 | Heavily damaged by German aircraft from Dunkirk , left by the crew and finished off with the destroyer HMS Whitehall |
| H30 | Hms beagle | John Brown & Company | October 11, 1929 | September 26, 1930 | april 1931 | 1946 | Excluded from the fleet, dismantled for metal |
| H47 | HMS Blanche | Hawthorn Leslie and Company | July 31, 1929 | May 29, 1930 | February 1931 | November 13, 1939 | Died on a German sea mine at the mouth of the Thames |
| H65 | HMS Boadicea | Hawthorn Leslie and Company | June 12, 1929 | September 23, 1930 | april 1931 | June 13, 1944 | Sunk by two German aviators, 12 miles southwest of Portland |
| H77 | HMS Boreas | Palmers Shipbuilding and Iron Company | July 22, 1929 | June 11, 1930 | February 1931 | 1951 | In 1944, transferred to Greece , renamed "Salamis" . Returned to UK and sold for scrap. |
| H80 | Hms brazen | Palmers Shipbuilding and Iron Company | July 22, 1929 | July 25, 1930 | april 1931 | July 21, 1940 | Sank when towing after heavy damage received from the actions of German aviation in the Dover Strait |
| H84 | HMS Brilliant | Swan hunter | July 9, 1929 | October 19, 1930 | February 1931 | 1947 | Excluded from the fleet, dismantled for metal |
| H91 | HMS Bulldog | Swan hunter | August 10, 1929 | December 6, 1930 | april 1931 | 1946 | Excluded from the fleet, dismantled for metal |
Notes
- ↑ Weapons data at the time of commissioning
- ↑ Conway's, p. 37
- ↑ 1 2 3 4 A.V. Dashyan “Ships of the Second World War. British Navy. Part 2. Destroyers
- ↑ Britain 4.7 "/ 45 (12 cm) QF Mark IX and 4.7" / 45 (12 cm) QF Mark XII
- ↑ 1 2 to Ivanhoe, 1993 , p. 29.
- ↑ Jane's Fighting Ships, 1934, p. 56, p. 60
Literature
- English, John. Amazon to Ivanhoe: British Standard Destroyers of the 1930s .. - Kendal: World Ship Society, 1993. - 144 p. - ISBN 0-905617-64-9 .
- “Sea Collection” No. 5, 2003. A.V. Dashyan “Ships of the Second World War. British Navy. Part 2. Moscow, Model Designer, 2003
- Conway's All The Worlds Fighting Ships, 1922–1946 / Gray, Randal (ed.). - London: Conway Maritime Press, 1980. - 456 p. - ISBN 0-85177-1467 .
- Jane's Fighting Ships, 1934
- Norman Friedman. The World War II. - Annapolis, Maryland: Naval Institute Press, 2009. - ISBN 978-1-59114-081-8 .