Genghis Khan Val ( Mong. Chinggis khana dalan ) is an archaeological site , an ancient fortification, consisting of a rampart, moat and a system of fortifications, stretching for 700 km through the territories of Mongolia , Russia and China . Modern shaft height is up to 1.5 meters, width - up to 15 meters. Traces of a moat have been preserved on the north side, indicating the direction of the defense line. It passes through the territory of Russia in the vicinity of the village of Zabaikalsk , the Abagaytuy mine and the village of Kailastuy . Val connects 9 hillforts, which are located at a distance of 15 - 30 km. On the Chinese side, the shaft follows parallel to the Argun River . The shaft was built several centuries before the life of Genghis Khan .
| Fortified line | |
| Genghis Khan's Val | |
|---|---|
| Genghis Hana Dalan | |
 "The Wall of Genghis Khan" on the northern border of the Jin Empire (1115-1234) | |
| A country | Russia , China |
| Building | X - XI century |
| Height | up to 1.5 meters |
| condition | ruin |
Content
Exploring the Shaft
In 1735 he was described by Gerhard Miller , who defined it as a border between different peoples. Miller noted that the Tungus and Mongols called him Kerim (they also called the Wall of China and other fortifications). In 1864, Peter Kropotkin , following from the Old Tsuruhaytuy guards through the territory of Manchuria to Blagoveshchensk , gave a description of the rampart and conducted excavations in Khankulato-Hoto on the territory of the so-called “Genghis Khan hillfort”. In the future, many Russian travelers visited the rampart and its accompanying towns. In 1915, Sergei Shirokogorov and his companions examined the rampart from the mouth of the Gan River to the village of Olochi on the Argun River . They noted that the local population connects the rampart with the name of the founder of the Mongol Empire or the name of the famous Prince Gantimur , and the tiles, stone slabs and sculptures from the town 6 km from the mouth of the Gan River were used to decorate the church in the village of New Tsurukhaytuy . In the second half of the 1920s, the rampart was studied by Vladimir Kormazov , in the 1930s by Vladimir Ponosov , who first defined the rampart as the boundary line of the Khitan era ( Liao Empire ). Since the 1970s, the Manchu section of the rampart with fortifications has been studied by Chinese researchers. Comparing archaeological data with historical sources, they came to the conclusion that the creation of fortifications was connected with the defense of the northwestern limits of the Khitan empire from attacks by the Ugu , Yujue , Shiwei, and Northern Tsubu tribes. The need for this ripened during the reign of the emperors Sheng-zong and Shin-zong . In 1994, security excavations of the rampart in the area of the town of Zabaykalsk were carried out by Chita archaeologists.
Topographic maps
- Map sheet M-50-XXVI .
- Map sheet M-50-XX Solovievsk . Scale: 1: 200 000. Indicate the date of issue / condition of the area .
- Map sheet M-50-XXI Dauria . Scale: 1: 200 000. Indicate the date of issue / condition of the area .
- Map sheet M-50-XXII Manchuria . Scale: 1: 200 000. Indicate the date of issue / condition of the area .
- Map sheet M-50-XXIII Kailastuy . Scale: 1: 200,000. 1980 edition
- Map sheet M-50-XXIV Hadatu . Scale: 1: 200 000. Indicate the date of issue / condition of the area .
- Map sheet M-50-XVIII Priargunsk . Scale: 1: 200 000. Indicate the date of issue / condition of the area .
Notes
Literature
- Chichagov V. P. New data on the age of the “Val Genghis Khan” in the north-eastern part of Mongolia (Russian) .
- Miller G.F. On ancient monuments in the districts of Selenginsky and Nerchinsky. - Izv. RAS. Ser. Geography., 1995. - (No. 1).
- Alkin S.V. History of study and modern ideas about the time of construction of the Vala Genghis Khan // History of Siberia. - M. , 1999 .-- T. 1.
- Shirokogorov readings (problems of anthropology and ethnology). - Vladivostok, 2001.
Links
- Alkin S.V. Val Genghis Khan . Date of treatment November 2, 2011. Archived on May 17, 2012.
- Michael Wines Zabaikalsk Journal; Behold! The Lost Great Wall. Don't Trip Over It. New York Times September 21, 2001
- Astronaut Photography of Earth. Wall of Genghis Khan
- Ted Thornhill New section of Great Wall of China discovered by British researcher. (eng.)