Viktor Frantsevich Gaydukevich ( November 12, 1904 , St. Petersburg - October 9, 1966 , Kerch ) - Soviet archaeologist , specialist in the field of ancient archeology. Doctor of Historical Sciences (since 1950 ). Professor of Leningrad University (1953).
| Victor Frantsevich Gaidukevich | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Date of Birth | November 12, 1904 |
| Place of Birth | St. Petersburg |
| Date of death | October 9, 1966 (61 years old) |
| Place of death | Kerch |
| A country |  the USSR |
| Scientific field | archeology |
| Place of work | LO IA IA USSR , Leningrad State University |
| Alma mater | LSU |
| Academic degree | Doctor of Historical Sciences |
| Academic rank | Professor |
| supervisor | O. F. Waldhauer , S. A. Zhebelev |
| Famous students | A. A. Neuchardt |
| Known as | specialist in ancient archeology |
Biography
He was born in the family of Franz Iosifovich Gaydukevich, who came from the former Vilna province , and Maria Ivanovna Gaydukevich (Saporovskaya) - from the former Coven province . The roots of the scientist go to Poland and Lithuania. Father moved to St. Petersburg at the end of the 19th century, worked as a doctor, in Soviet times - in the Vyborg District Polyclinic of Leningrad .
After graduating from school in 1923, V.F. Gaidukevich immediately entered the Leningrad State University at the archaeological department of the Faculty of Social Sciences. At the same time he studied at the excursion and lecture base of the Leningrad Gubpolitpolosvet, led tours of the Hermitage , Sheremetyevsky and Anichkov palaces, as well as other memorable places of the city. In the summer of 1926, during student practice, V.F. Gaidukevich met with the archaeological sites of the Bosporus of Cimmeria, and in 1926-1927. took part in his first archaeological expeditions in Khersones and Kerch.
In 1928, after graduation, he was invited to work in the Kerch Historical and Archaeological Museum , where he began to work as a researcher of the 1st category and as a curator of the museum.
in 1930 he was enrolled in graduate school at the Leningrad Historical and Linguistic Institute. From 1932 until his death in 1966, he worked in the Leningrad branch of the Institute of Archeology of the USSR Academy of Sciences at first as a senior researcher, and since 1946 - as head of the sector of ancient archeology. At the same time he taught at Leningrad University.
During the Great Patriotic War, he worked on the construction of defensive structures near Novgorod, Gatchina, on the Porokhovykh, was a member of the air defense team at the Institute. On December 19, V.F. Gaidukevich, together with his wife and son, was evacuated from a blocked city by plane by plane. First he was sent to Kazan , and then to Tashkent , where the Tashkent group of the IIMK AN USSR was created. Here, for the first time in his life, Viktor Frantsevich was appointed VR. about. Head of the Northern Black Sea Sector. Since 1942, he worked on the topic “Agriculture of Central Asia in Antiquity”, and in addition, he was appointed head of the archaeological expedition in the construction area of the Farhad hydroelectric station .
From 1930 to 1966 (with small interruptions), he directed the work of the BIPOR archaeological expedition of the IIMK (then LOIA) of the USSR Academy of Sciences on the study of ancient monuments on the Crimean peninsula, in particular the polises and settlements that were part of the Bosporus kingdom - Mirmeky , Tiritaka , Ilurat , Porfmy , Fanagoria , intelligence of Parthenia , excavations of rural estates of the Bosporus, barrows and necropolises. He conducted excavations on the territory of Kerch (in particular, on the famous Tsar's Barrow ). A huge amount of the material obtained was summarized by him in 1949 in the monograph “The Kingdom of the Bosporus”, subsequently reprinted in German with significant additions.
The most authoritative specialist in archeology of the Bosporus kingdom of the 1950s - 1960s. An important achievement of Professor V.F. Gaidukevich is the work on the history of the Bosporus kingdom, especially its economy and culture, as well as a full description of the characteristics of the knowledge and life of the population of the agricultural district of the ancient Greek city policy - choirs . Until now, the results of the work of the expeditions of V.F. Gaidukevich have been actively studied, and many of the provisions of his works have not lost their relevance to date.
He brought up a whole generation of researchers of the Northern Black Sea region, among whom N. L. Grach, I. G. Shurgay, N. Z. Kunina.
He was a member of the editorial boards of archaeological publications of the USSR.
He died on October 9, 1966 as a result of a heart attack (rupture of aneurysm of the aortic arch) during excavations in the ancient settlement of Panticapaeum. The body of V. Gaidukevich was delivered by plane from Kerch to Leningrad, where he was buried at the 10th section of the Serafimovsky cemetery in Leningrad.
Major works
V.F. Gaidukevich is the author of a number of important scientific works on the ancient colonies of the Northern Black Sea Coast. He has published more than 100 scientific works, including monographs, textbooks, reference books, including:
- Antique ceramic kilns (According to excavations in Kerch and Fanagoria in 1929-1931) // Izvestiya GAIMK. 1934. Issue. 80.
- Building ceramic materials of the Bosporus. Bospor shingles. Izvestiya GAIMK. 1934a. Vol. 104.
- Excavations of the Northern and Western parts of Mirmekia in 1934 // MIA. 1941. No. 4. (et al.)
- Academician Sergei Alexandrovich Zhebelev as a researcher of the Northern Black Sea // Soviet archeology . 1941.V. VII.
- The kingdom of bosporus. L.-M., 1949.
- Imaginary Basilica of Lawrence-Leontius // MIA. 1953. No. 34.
- Mirmeky. Soviet excavations in 1956 Warsaw, 1959.
- About the Scythian uprising on the Bosporus at the end of the 2nd century BC e. // Ancient society. M., 1968.
- To the discussion of the revolt of Savmak // Ancient history and culture of the Mediterranean and Black Sea. L., 1968.
- Das Bosporanische Reich. 2. Aufl. B., 1971;
- Bosporus cities. L., 1981;
- The ancient city of Bosporus. Mirm • cue. L., 1987.
Literature
- The ancient world: a collection of articles in honor of Academician V.V. Struve . M .: Publishing house of eastern literature , 1962. S. 485-489.
- Victor Frantsevich Gaydukevich (1904-1966) // Bulletin of Ancient History , 1967, No. 2.
- V.F. Gaidukevich // Brief Communications of the Institute of Archeology . 1969. Issue 116.
- Vinogradov Yu. A. On the centenary of the birth of V.F. Gaidukevich // Archaeological News. SPb., 2005. No. 12;
- Problems of studying ancient archeology of the Northern Black Sea region. Materials of the scientific conference dedicated to the 100th anniversary of the birth of V.F. Gaidukevich. SPb., 2005.
- Vinogradov Yu. A. In memory of V.F. Gaidukevich