Heinrich Hesler

Heinrich von Hesler ( him. Heinrich von Hesler ) - medieval poet of the XIII century. Heinrich Hesler was descended from the genus von Hesler from the locality of Burghesler (Burgheßler) near Eckartsberg . In the neighboring Klosterheselere this genus established a convent of the Order of the Cistercians . Heinrich was a layman (nôthafter rîter) and was more close to the Franciscan order. The earlier hypothesis that he lived in the Order of Prussia and was in close contact with the Teutonic Order was excluded. He probably worked in Thuringia. So, he reports that his poems in Nebra were subjected to sharp attacks. The following forms for recording his name have been preserved: Heinrich von Hasiliere (in the “Salvation” fragment) or Heinrich heiz ich mins rechten namen, Hesler ist min hush genannt (“Apocalypse”).

Manuscript rps 44 / IV, exhibited at Marienburg Castle

Content

Proceedings

Heinrich von Hesler is credited with three works:

rhymed "Apocalypse", paraphrase of Revelation of sv. John of 27,000 lines of verse;
German processing of the Apocrypha " Gospel of Nicodemus ";
the work, called “Salvation”, which is difficult to interpret, since this work has been preserved only in the form of a short fragment, it is very difficult to determine its content. The title “Salvation” is a modern name based on the content of the surviving text, which deals with Adam and Eve and the fall into sin. The message is so scanty that we should rather talk about the excursion, whose context is not possible to restore.

Lists

"Apocalypse" and "Gospel of Nicodemus" often corresponded. There are 5 complete manuscripts of the Apocalypse and 14 in fragments, of which the Bible of the Polish Academy of Sciences (BGPAN, Ms. 2415) is considered authentic.
Three of the fully preserved manuscripts: Stuttgart and Two Thorn (WLB Stuttgart, HB XIII 11 and die Königsberger Handschriften UB Toruń rps 44 / IV and 64 / III) originate from the possessions of the Teutonic Order, both of the Thorn manuscripts probably from the Marshalom, managed by the High Command, from the Teutonic Order, probably from the Marshall Manuscript managed by the Supreme Marshall, from the Teutonic Order, probably from the Marshall Manuscript managed by the Supreme Marshall, from the territory of the Teutonic Order, probably from the Marshall Manuscript managed by the High Command, from the territory of the Teutonic Order, probably from the Marshall Manuscript managed by the High Command, from the territory of the Teutonic Order, probably from the Marshall Manuscript, which is controlled by the High Command, from the territory of the Teutonic Order; These three manuscripts are provided with miniatures. Whether these manuscripts come from one workshop is still controversial.
In Stuttgart's manuscript, compared with the Koenigsberg ones, the strong influence of the French miniature in the depiction of the Apocalypse is traced.
The iconography of the miniatures is associated with the Teutonic Order, for example, you can see knights in honorary dress next to the Prince of the End of Time in the battle against the people of Gog and Magog and the Teutonic Order priest at the baptism of the Jews at the End of Times.
The manuscript of Toruń 64 / III originally contained a text close to the Danzig manuscript, which, due to the purge, has become almost a new essay.

miniature The baptism of the Jews (from the manuscript rps 64 / III). The priests have a black cross on their shoulder - a symbol of the Teutonic Order

Substantively, the Apocalypse is well suited as an introduction to the world of the ideas of Bonaventure , which among other things emphasizes the priesthood of Christ and promotes education for the Order of the French. Heinrich von Hesler set himself the task of a preacher in a long excursion in the Apocalypse. It is assumed that the development of the Teutonic Order was due to iconography. Links to the work are also in the book inventories of the Prussian Order Convent of the XIV century. Heinrich influenced a number of spiritual poets, including Nikolai Eroshin and Tilo Kulmsky .

Editions

Fragmente einer Dichtung des Heinrich von Hesler (sog. Erlösung). // von Heinemann: Aus zerschnittenen Wolfenbütteler Handschriften, Nr. 18 u. 19 und Elias Steinemyer: Noch einmal Heinrich von Hesler. both in Zeitschrift für deutsches Altertum 32 (1888), S. 111–113 u. S. 446-449.
Heinrich von Hesler: Das Evangelium Nicodemi. hg. von Karl Helm. Tübingen: Lit. Verein 1902 (Bibliothek des Litterarischen Vereins in Stuttgart; 224). - (Nachdruck: Hildesheim [ua]: Olms 1976)
Die Apokalypse Heinrichs von Hesler. Aus der Danziger Handschrift, hg. von Karl Helm Berlin: Weidmann 1907 (Deutsche Texte des Mittelalters 8).

Literature

Karl Bartsch. Heinrich von Hesler // Allgemeine Deutsche Biographie (ADB). - Bd. 12. - Lpz. : Duncker & Humblot, 1880. - S. 272-273. (him)
Helm, Karl: Untersuchungen zu Heinrichs von Heslers 'Evangelium Nicodemi', in: Beiträge zur Geschichte der deutschen Sprache und Literatur (PBB). 24 (1899), S. 85-187.
Masser, Achim: Heinrich von Hesler, in: Verfasserlexikon. Die deutsche Literatur des Mittelalters, 2. Auflage, 3 (1981), Sp. 749–755 + 11 (2004), Sp. 624f.
Mentzel-Reuters, Arno: Bibeldichtung und deutscher Orden: Studien zur Judith und zu Heinrichs von Hesler Apokalypse , in: Daphnis 26 (1997), p. 209-261.
Klein, Klaus: Zur Überlieferung der 'Apokalypse' Heinrichs von Hesler , in: Zeitschrift für deutsches Altertum 128 (1999), S. 66-72.
Honemann, Volker: Heinrich von Hesler, Die Apokalypse / Königsberger Apokalypse (Toruń, Bibliotheka Uniwersytu Mikołaja Kopernika, ms. Rps. 64 und ms. Rps. 44) . Mikrofiche-Edition. Einführung zum Werk und Beschreibung (Codices illuminati medii aevi 27), München: Lengenfelder 2000.
Oppitz, Ulrich-Dieter und Klaus Klein: Heinrichs von Hesler , Ein Brandenburger Fragment aus der 'Apokalypse' , in: Zeitschrift für deutsches Altertum 129 (2000), S. 409–413
Mentzel-Reuters, Arno: Arma spiritualia . Bibliotheken, Bücher und Bildung im Deutschen Orden, Wiesbaden: Harrassowitz 2003 (Beiträge zum Buch- und Bibliothekswesen 47) ISBN 3-447-04838-7 .
Jagodzinski, Sabine: 'Die illustrierte Apokalypse Heinrichs von Hesler im Deutschen Orden. Studien zu Bild, Text und Kontext ', Stuttgart: ibidem 2009 (CISA - Cultural and Interdisciplinary Studies in Art 6) ISBN 978-3-89821-984-6 .
Ehrich, Susanne: Die 'Apokalypse' Heinrichs von Hesler in Text und Bild. Traditionen und Themen volkssprachlicher Bibeldichtung und ihre Rezeption im Deutschen Orden , Berlin: ESV 2010 (Philologische Studien und Quellen) ISBN 3-503-12218-4

Links

List of lists of “Apokalypse” in Marienburg manuscripts.
Full text in Helma’s “Apokalypse”
Helm 's edition of "Evangelium Nicodemi"
Digitized manuscripts Handschrift rps 64 / III der Universitätsbibliothek Toruń (PL) mit der Apokalypse Heinrichs von Hesler, ehemals SuUB Königsberg Ms. 890b (Sigle Kb in der Edition von Karl Helm).
Documents on the miniatures of the "Apocalypse" Stuttgarter Handschrift HB XIII 11
Heidelberger Handschrift cpg 349 des "Evangelium Nicodemi"