August Müller ( German: August Müller ; March 4, 1864 , Mönchengladbach - September 5, 1949 ) - German inventor , pioneer in the production of contact lenses .
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Biography
Born in the family of the owner of a tool manufacturing enterprise. He studied medical sciences at educational institutions in Bonn , Berlin , Vienna and Kiel , where he underwent an internship with Professor Volker in his Ophthalmology Clinic. He prepared a revolutionary doctoral dissertation for those years entitled “Glasses and corneal lenses”. The work was successfully defended on February 28, 1889. Shortly before this, he wrote several articles about periscope vision lenses, pulmonary edema, about the features of the pharmaceutical industry, as well as a number of works on contact lenses.
The scientist was constantly annoyed at his shortsightedness (−14.00 D) and the aberrations inherent in the lenses used at that time. Muller made the discovery that lenses mounted directly on the eyes solve these problems. Examining the eyes of deceased people, he received the value of the normal radius of curvature of the anterior surface of the cornea (7.5 mm) and the radius of the sclera (14 mm).
The researcher had at his disposal three types of lenses of the Berlin company Himmler, a recognized manufacturer of optical products made of silicon glass with various refractive powers (−14.50 D, −15.00 D, −19.50 D) with a thickness of 0.3 mm in the center and a diameter of 15-16 mm, with carefully polished edges of regular round shape. The radius of curvature of the corneal region was of the order of 7.00–7.65 mm, in the scleral region, of the order of 14 mm. One of the options for contact lenses had an average radius between the scleral and corneal. This was enough to achieve an acceptable vision, to neutralize the discomfort August Muller used cocaine .
Being engaged in scientific work, the researcher was held hostage by his weak vision. After working in various organizations, he returned back to Monchengladbach , where he took up the practice of orthopedics and physiotherapy. After some time, he received the nickname Bony Muller (Knocher-Müller) [2] . His marriage to Protestant Emma Kahmzow in 1890 received a sharp disapproval of the Catholic public. The wife gave the scientist six children. At different times, Muller published several scientific papers on his last specialization, in particular, on pain in the lower back (1926).
Notes
- ↑ German National Library , Berlin State Library , Bavarian State Library , etc. Record # 1035795515 // General regulatory control (GND) - 2012—2016.
- ↑ Pioneers of contact lenses , information from the website about contact lenses and their inventors.
Major scientific papers
- Der muskulare Kopfschmerz (on headaches due to muscle cramps, 1911),
- "Lehrbuch der Massage" (about massage, 1915),
- "Der Kreuzschmerz" (about pain in the lower back, 1926).