Samoilovich, Grigory Ivanovich

Grigory was the middle son in the family of the future hetman of Ukraine, Ivan Samoilovich , mother - Maria Ivanovna Dove - the daughter of a wealthy resident of the Red Kolyadin .

His father cared about the career and well-being of his sons, who served in the Cossack army. Gregory received the post of Chernigov Colonel in 1685 , as well as significant estates - the town of Lyubech and about fifty villages and farms on the Left Bank. The hetman’s sons were housekeeping and had significant profits from it. The tsarist government did not interfere with the distribution by the hetman of posts and estates to his sons, although the Cossack foreman showed displeasure at such actions of the hetman.

In January 1686, Ivan Samoilovich sent the General Esaul Ivan Mazepa and his son Gregory to the Moscow Tsar and Prince Golitsyn . The purpose of the embassy was to convince Moscow of the inexpediency of concluding a peace treaty with Poland. However, hetman ambassadors could not stop the process of establishing cooperation between the Moscow State and Poland. April 26, 1686 in Moscow was signed "Eternal Peace", in which the interests of the Hetmanate were only partially taken into account. Attempts to Samoylovich, to prevent the conclusion of peace, have caused discontent among Prince Golitsyn and Russian nobles from his entourage.

Grigory Samoilovich lived for some time in Moscow "with his royal majesty in the most grace". During the campaign of 1687, he commanded a separate detachment of 4 Cossack and 4 hunting regiments.

In May 1687, Russian troops led by Prince Vasily Golitsyn gathered near Poltava. On the river Samara, the army of Prince Vasily Golitsyn united with the army of Hetman Ivan Samoilovich. In mid-June 1687, 100 kilometers from Perekop, the Crimean Tatars set fire to the steppe. June 15, 1687 because of the inability to provide the army with water and food, Prince Vasily Golitsyn decided to withdraw. The army led by okolnichy Leonty Romanovich Neplyuev and Colonel Grigory Samoilovich (15,000 soldiers and reytar, 15,000 Little Russian Cossacks) went to the Dnieper, to the Turkish fortress Kyzy-Kermen , where it joined with the detachment of General Grigory Kasagov . On August 14, the army of Prince Vasily Golitsyn was forced to return to Poltava.

On the night of July 23, 1687, his regiment was surrounded by Russian regiments of his father Ivan Samoilovich . After the morning prayer in the marching church, the hetman was arrested and, together with his son Yakov, were brought to Prince Golitsyn , in whose headquarters were gathered Russian boyars, generals and colonels. Ivan Samoilovich was accused of treason - allegedly giving an order to set fire to the steppe. Golitsyn announced the removal of Ivan Samoilovich from hetmancy and the election of a new hetman. The elders handed over to the prince the hetman symbols of power — the horsetail and the mace. Soon voivod Leonty Neplyuev arrested Grigori Samoilovich in Kodak and brought Golitsyn to the headquarters. At the same time, Neplyuev took away property, valuables and money from the colonel and appropriated them.

After the deposition of his father, Gregory was taken under guard on August 4, 1687 , deprived of signs of dignity and sent to Sevsk . The reason for his accusation was the letters of the obscene Colonel Mikhail Vasilyev, in which various obscene words were written, allegedly spoken by Grigory Vasilyev. On October 11, the interrogation of both with torture began, after which it was decided on October 24 :

The great sovereigns, tsars and grand dukes Ioann Alekseevich, Peter Alekseevich, and the great sovereign, the blessed princess and grand princess Sofia Alekseevna, all great, and small and white Russia autocrats, listening to this search in the room, with room boyars, indicated and the boyars sentenced Grishka Samoilov for his thieves, intricate and obscene words, about which his thieves 'words and the letter of his hand, in which he obscene and thieves', intrigued his words and wrote, they, the great sovereigns, are known and wanted in that, Grisha, blamed and then his Grishkin's thieves' aforementioned letter presented to them, the great sovereigns, of the same number and left in the mansions; Well, for his betrayal, he, being in Zaporozhi, wanted and intended for them, great sovereigns, to change what he wrote for him in a large regiment to his neighbor boyar, and to the keeper and courtyard governor, to Prince Vasily Vasilyevich Golitsyn, with comrades His comrades, the okolnichy and the voivode, Leontiy Romanovich Neplyuev, with comrades, and that he was from Zaporogue, Grishka, having overrun, left with military people in his will to Kodak, without great rulers to the decree, and he wanted to search for that, he, Grishka, , and said that he slandered de and led to that betrayal of the former Prilutsky Colonel Lazarka Gorlenok, but he didn’t want to bother to theft and treason, and therefore it’s notable that he, Grishka, also thought about it, Lazark, in general, and if his intention wasn’t , and he would have run from Zaporogov himself, notifying himself about whether he would have written to the regiments to the neighbor boyar, and to the keeper and a large regiment to the courtyard governor, to Prince Vasiliy Vasilievich and his comrades, or would have said about Zaporozh to okolnichy and voevode Leonty Romanovich with comrades - to execute death. And to give his wife his freedom and live in the Little Russian cities, in which it is decent, at hetman’s discretion, and give her two hundred rubles of money from his Grishkins, belongings, and from her dress, kamchatye, and foxes and the cold ones are paid, except gold, and the velvet, sable, and cold boards; and every white dress, as well as Grishkina's dress, which is on him now in Sevsk, to give to all of her. [...] Duma clerk Emelyan Ukrainians .

The sentence was executed on November 11, 1687 in Sevsk, and for the greater painfulness of the execution, Gregory was beheaded not immediately, but in three steps.

In Moscow, Neplyuev’s reply was received, in which he wrote: “... and, according to you, great sovereigns, Grishka Samoilov’s decree at the execution of his thieves, intricate and obscene words and betrayal was told and executed by death, his head was cut off, on November 11 of the current 196 grams . (1687), and the executioner was a soldier’s building, Colonel Timofey Fandervidin ".

The massacre was perpetrated over the whole family of Samoilovich - his father was sent to Siberia - to the city of Tobolsk, and his brother Yakov and his wife - to Yeniseisk (later transferred to Tobolsk), his mother Gregory was permanently sent to the town of Sednev in Chernihiv region to her younger daughter Anastasia.

• Father: hetman Ivan Samoylovich , mother - Maria Ivanovna Dove - the daughter of a wealthy resident of the Red Kolyadin.
• The brothers - Semyon (? —1685) and Jacob.
• Sisters - Praskovya and Anastasia.
• His wife is the daughter of hetman Ivan Bryukhovetsky .

• Vostokov A. The Judgment and Execution of Grigori Samoilovich // {{{title}}}. - Kiev: Kiev old , 1889. - T. 1.