Anthony-Siysky monastery

It was founded in 1520 by the Monk Anthony , who, after leaving the Sheleksen Nicholas desert, settled here in a completely uninhabited place with monks Alexander, Isaiah and others with the permission of Grand Duke Vasily III . The river Siya (a tributary of the Dvina ), flowing from the lake, gave the name of the monastery ^[1] .

The policy of the monastery authorities led to unrest in the monastery peasants in 1577-1578 in the Anthony-Siysky monastery, in which the black peasants of the Yemetsky camp of the Dvinsky district also took part ^[2] .

In 1587, a letter came to erect a stone cathedral, and due to the remoteness of the monastery and troubled times, the work stretched over four reigns and took a total of 20 years. At this time (from 1601 to 1605), the boyar Feodor Nikitich Romanov , the father of the future tsar, was exiled there under the name of Godunov and tonsured under the name of Filaret.

In pre-Petrine times, the Siysky Monastery was one of the largest centers of spiritual life in the Russian North. Such unique manuscripts as the Siia Gospel of the 16th century and illustrated clergy come from the monastery book collection. After the revolution, old documents were seized from the monks and transferred to the Arkhangelsk Regional Archive , from where they were transferred to Moscow in 1958 and 1966 (now - in the Russian State Autonomous Administration ).

In December 1730, Mikhailo Lomonosov stopped at the monastery on his way to Moscow, here his uncle was a solicitor and he presented a sheepskin coat to his nephew. ^[3] By the end of the 18th century, the cloister had faded, thanks to which the pre-Petrine buildings escaped the prevailing then renovations and generally retained their original appearance.

The monastery was closed by the resolution of the Yemets Executive Committee of June 12, 1923 and the decision of the Presidium of the Arkhangelsk Provincial Executive Committee of July 11, 1923. The territory was used for the needs of the labor commune, collective farm . It also housed a recreation center for forestry workers, a house for children with disabilities, a nursing home for the elderly. Since the 1970s, there was a pioneer camp Avtomobilist for children of workers of motor transport enterprises of Arkhangelsk and Severodvinsk, part of the territory was given as a summer residence for the Arkhangelsk Oblast Executive Committee. ^[four]

In 1992, the monastery was transferred to the Russian Orthodox Church . The restoration of the monastery began, which was headed by the abbot, later Archimandrite Trifon (Plotnikov) . On May 31, 2010, for health reasons, Archimandrite Tryphon was relieved of his post as governor of the monastery.

The four-pillar five-domed Trinity Cathedral was founded in 1589 by the letter of Tsar Fyodor Ioannovich of November 8, 1587, completed on July 30, 1606 and consecrated the following year. The letter instructed to put the church "in the Sunday measure, in the Maiden’s Monastery , in Moscow," what Master Zakhar sent from the capital should have been following ^[5] . In fact, the construction was carried out by a team of masons from Vologda ^[5] . The temple combines the techniques of Novgorod architecture (the construction of arches on low supporting arches) and Moscow architecture (arcature links in the slopes of the western wall, a wide entablature below the zakomar) ^[6] . The middle chapter visually dominates the small ones due to the size and decorative design ( arcature-columnar belt ). About 100 years after construction, the temple was blocked by four slopes, then the shape of the central chapter was changed.

The pavilion Church of the Annunciation, together with the refectory and the Kelar chambers, was founded in 1638 and was built in five years on the site of a pre-existing wooden church ^[7] . That the existing building repeats the architectural solution of the old church is evidenced by the attributes of the wooden temple architecture: a two-part altar, two miniature domes over two thrones (lost), a high tent on a small octagon ^[5] . Probably, at the same time as the refectory, the monastery bell tower was also erected. It is difficult to establish the exact date of its construction: Fyodor Ivanovich issued a letter of commencement of work in 1593, and the consecration took place only in 1661, during the reign of Alexei Mikhailovich .

The holy gates with the St. Sergius Church and two-story cells were built after the fire of 1658, between 1661 and 1687. Finally, all work was completed only in 1699. There is a record that later this architectural complex was rebuilt with “better architecture, with attached living rooms” ^[7] .

According to the 2010 All-Russian Population Census , the Anthony-Siysky monastery has the status of a village in the territory of the Yemets rural settlement , in which 62 people live. ^[eight]

The holy lake is located about ten km from Mikhailovsky towards the village of Emeck . On the steep shore of the Holy Lake there is an ancient pagan temple, in the place of which an Orthodox cross is placed.

According to legend, one peasant, who had been ill for a long time with leprosy or some other similar illness, fished in this lake, lowered his legs into the water and suddenly felt healing in his legs, and when he dipped, it was all over his body. At the place of healing, he placed the Kazan Icon of the Mother of God . Thanks to the occasion of miraculous healing, the lake was called Saint .

• Veniamin (Smirnov, Vasily Nikiforovich)

• Macarius, Bishop of Arkhangelsk and Kholmogorsk . Historical information about the Anthony Siy monastery. Arkhangelsk, 1878.
• Acts of the Siysky monastery. Vol. 1. Diplomas of the Patriarch Filaret (1613-1633). Arkhangelsk, 1913.
• Ryzhova, E. A. Anthony-Siysky monastery. Life of Anthony of Siia: Book centers of the Russian North. Syktyvkar, 2000.
• Belova, L. B. New materials for the history of Russian bibliography in the library of the Anthony-Siya Monastery // Ancient Russia. Questions of Medieval Studies , 2005, No. 3 (21), p. ten.
• Soykin P.P. Siysky Antoniev Monastery in Kholmogorsky District // Orthodox Russian Monasteries : A Full Illustrated Description of Orthodox Russian Monasteries in the Russian Empire and Mount Athos. - SPb. : Resurrection, 1994 .-- S. 59-65. - 712 s. - 20,000 copies. - ISBN 5-88335-001-1 .
• A.A. Kuratov, archim. Trifon (Carpenters). Anthony of Siia in the name of the Holy Trinity Monastery // Orthodox Encyclopedia . - M .: Church Scientific Center "Orthodox Encyclopedia" , 2001. - T. II. - S. 596-598. - 752 s. - 40,000 copies. - ISBN 5-89572-007-2 .
• Miller A.G. Antoniev Siy Monastery as a center for veneration of Russian saints in the XVI century. // Solovetsky Sea. Historical and literary almanac. Issue 10. - Arkhangelsk; M., 2011 .-- S. 57–61.

• Anthony-Siysky Monastery, official site
• The site of the monastery (Russian)
• Monastery in the name of the Holy Life-Giving Trinity Anthony-Siya (male) on the site "Russian Orthodoxy".