Analysis (philosophy)

Analysis ( dr. Greek ἀνάλυσις “decomposition, dismemberment”) - in philosophy , as opposed to synthesis , analysis refers to the logical approach to the definition of a concept , when a given concept is laid out according to signs into its component parts, so as to make its knowledge clear in its entirety .

An analytical concept is one that is obtained by analyzing another concept that contains the first. In the same way, an explanation of a concept by decomposing it into its component parts is called an analytical interpretation, conclusion. Similarly, judgments or inferences can also be divided. An analytical proposition assumes a certain quality inherent in the very concept of the subject, in other words, the predicate lies in the concept of the subject, while in a synthetic judgment, the subject is attributed to a quality that may not be included in the concept of the subject itself, in other words, is not inevitably connected with the concept of the subject. So, for example, the sentence “Every body has a stretch” represents an analytical judgment; the sentence "this body is elastic" is synthetic. This distinction of the method of judgment has gained particular significance thanks to Kant (“ Critique of Pure Reason ”), although it was mentioned earlier by David Tel in the 13th century. and still in antiquity Stilpon from Megara .

In the evidence based on a number of conclusions, especially in the development or formulation of any scientific theory , the expression analysis has a slightly different meaning: it means that the evidence goes regressively, from the conditional to the conditional, while in the synthetic way the proofs have the reverse course ( regressus a principiatis ad principe and progressus a princip i is ad principiata ); such a method in scientific research is called analytical, in contrast to synthetic. Both of them complement each other and mutually verify. The best evidence of the undoubted truth of any scientific position will be the consistency of the results achieved by studies produced by analytical and synthetic methods. Wed Anelt ^{[ who? ] [ clarify ]} Theorie des Induktien (Leipzig, 1854).