Anton Isaacovich Schwartz ( January 24 ( February 5 ), 1896 , Ekaterinodar - February 21, 1954 , Leningrad ) - Soviet stage performer , master of artistic expression, reciter. Honored Artist of the RSFSR (1947). Winner of the First All-Union Contest of masters of artistic word (1937). [one]
| Anton Isaakovich Schwartz | |
|---|---|
| Date of Birth | February 5 ( January 24 ) 1896 |
| Place of Birth | Ekaterinodar , Kuban region , Russian Empire |
| Date of death | February 21, 1954 (58 years old) |
| Place of death | Leningrad , USSR |
| Citizenship |  Russian empire  the USSR |
| Occupation | artist, reader |
| Spouse | Frima Bunina (first wife) |
| Awards and prizes |
|
Content
Creative Biography
Born in Ekaterinodar, in the family of doctor Isaac Berkovich Schwartz and Isabella Antonovna Schwarz (? —1953); cousin playwright Eugene Schwartz . He had sisters Margaret (1912) and Valentine (1901–1990).
In 1917, Anton Schwartz enters the Theater Workshop , which was just organized by Pavel Weisbrom and includes Frima Bunimovich (Bunin), Anton's wife, his cousin Yevgeny Schwarz , his wife Gayane Khaladzhieva , Georgiy Tusuzov , Rafail Kholodov, and others. make up poetic ideas: “ Feast during the Plague ”, “ Masquerade ” of the play by Blok , Remizov , Gotstsi and others.
According to the critic Moses Yankovsky , Anton Schwartz "was not at all an actor by vocation, he was at that time infinitely fond of poetry, he knew by heart thousands of lines of different poets and soon showed himself to be a born reader." [2]
In September 1920, on the stage of the Rostov Cafe “The Cellar of Poets” , the premiere of the play “ The Death Error ” by V. Khlebnikov [ directed by A. Nadezhdov ] took place [3] . Velemir Khlebnikov himself was present at the rehearsals of the Theater Workshop and directly at the premiere. And in August 1921, Gumilev 's play Gondle was staged in the workshop. The author learned about the performance and, while passing through Rostov, met with the artists. Here is how the meeting is described by the actress of Z. Shubin’s workshop:
| "The season is already over, and there were no performances ... One evening we gathered in the theater, and suddenly a man came in and it appeared:" I am the author of Gondly Gumilyov. " You can imagine our state. Numb. Gumilev asked us to show the performance, but the season is over - neither the scenery, nor the lights, nor the props. The performance can not be shown. We suggested reading passages. Anton Schwartz played and read Gondla, and Khalaydzhieva, playing Leroux, was also present here. Began reading, discussion, talk on the literary topic. Gumilev was delighted. "I will not leave you here, I will transfer to Petrograd." He had to go to the station. We went to see him off ... Khalaijiyeva said to Gumilyov: "Swear that you will not forget us." Gumilev solemnly raised his hand and said: "I swear." [four] |
In September 1921, the theater troupe began to move to Petrograd . In January 1922 the performances of the “Theater Workshop” began in the Vladimir Club Hall. But, soon, without having taken root in the new place, the “Theater Workshop” fell apart. [five]
In 1922, Schwartz enters the Faculty of Social Sciences of the Petrograd University , for some time engaged in the bar, at the same time keen on reading poetry. Accompanied the lectures on literature reading works of art, participated in national concerts.
After meeting in 1927 with the largest master of artistic expression Alexander Zakushnyak, Schwartz decides to devote himself entirely to concert activity. In 1929, his first open concert was held at the Leningrad Variety Theater . The art of Schwartz was distinguished by simplicity, nobility, and high culture. Without resorting to the theatricalization, he achieved great expressiveness with the help of intonation strokes, finely finishing the speech pattern. Schwartz deeply revealed the idea, the ideological and philosophical essence of the work, subtly conveyed the features of the author’s literary style. [6]
In 1936 he released the program “Great Russian Poets”, including poems of Pushkin , Lermontov , Tyutchev , Nekrasov Blok , Yesenin , etc. In 1943, he performed the program of Lermontov, which included Demon, Fatalist, poems. The execution of Schwartz was distinguished by the depth of philosophical comprehension of Lermontov, the strict subordination of speech expressive means to the logic of the development of thought, the combination of casual conversation with heightened attention to the rhythmic-musical structure of the verse. [7]
By the mid-1940s, Schwarz’s repertoire includes seven programs from Gorky , Sholokhov , Tolstoy , Gorbatov , Paustovsky , Zoshchenko , three programs on Pushkin ’s poems and poems, over ten programs from Gogol , Saltykov-Shchedrin , Chekhov , Kuprin , Leskov . In 1944 he performed the program "Maupassant" according to the stories of Guy de Maupassant . He propagandized Soviet poetry (works of Mayakovsky , Aseev , Bagritsky , Selvinsky ).
Family
- The first wife is actress Frima Bunimovich Ilinichna (from the 1930s, stage pseudonym Irina Aleksandrovna Bunin, 1897–1963), sister of musicologist, music critic and pianist Vladimir Ilyich Muzalevsky (real name Bunimovich). [eight]
- The second wife is the translator of English children's literature, Natalia B. Shanko (1901-1991).
Fiction reading
Poems of Gabriel Derzhavin [9]
- " Perseus and Andromeda "
- " Gypsy Dance "
- " Snigir "
- " Mug "
Works of Alexander Pushkin [9]
- 1934 - “ Poltava ” (excerpt from the poem) to listen
- 1936 - The Queen of Spades (pages of the story)
- 1940 - " Eugene Onegin " (fragments of the novel) to listen
- 1947 - “ Ruslan and Lyudmila ” (poem) to listen
- 1947 - The Bronze Horseman (poem) to listen
- 1947 - "The Blizzard " (story) to listen
- 1947 - " Count Nulin " (poem)
- 1947 - "Egyptian Nights" (fragment of the story)
- 1947 - Poems:
Works of Nikolai Gogol [1]
- 1935 - " Dead Souls " (literary composition of the poem)
- 1935 - “ Sorochinsky Fair ” (pages of the story)
Works of Mikhail Lermontov [7]
- 1943 - The Demon (poem)
- 1943 - Fatalist (fragments of the novel)
- 1943 - Poems
Works of Ivan Turgenev [9]
- "Three meetings" (short story, piano - George Edelman) to listen
Works of Nikolai Leskov [9]
- " Enchanted Wanderer " (excerpt story) listen
Works of Leo Tolstoy [9]
- War and Peace (pages of the novel)
Works of Anton Chekhov [1]
- "Champagne" (rogue story) listen
- "Daughter of Albion" (story)
- "Annie" (story)
Works of Maxim Gorky
- "Song of the Falcon" (prose poem) listen
Works of Konstantin Paustovsky [6]
- 1952 - "The Birth of the Sea" (short story)
Works by Guy de Maupassant [6]
- 1944 - The Minuet (short story)
Andersen's Tales [6]
- 1938 - "The Most Incredible"
Poems of Vladimir Mayakovsky
- " Hymn to the Judge " to listen
- " Vladimir Ilyich Lenin " (excerpt) to listen
- " Attention to bribe takers " listen
Edward Bagritsky poems
- " Spring "
Poems by Semyon Kirsanov
- Movie study of Ilya Trauberg " Turksib " (1931) [10]
Captured performance of the artist Anton Schwartz, reading the poem "Turksib" Seeds Kirsanov .
The speech of the reader is illustrated by frames mounted in the film from the documentary film of 1929 “ Turksib ” directed by Victor Turin .
Works
- Schwartz A. I. "In the laboratory of the reader." M .: Art, 1960.
Literature
- Verkhovsky N. Yu. “A Book about Readers”. M.-L .: Art, 1950.
- Literary Contemporary, 1940, T 1, p. 103-107.
Notes
- ↑ 1 2 3 Russian Jewish Encyclopedia
- ↑ Yankovsky M. We knew Evgeny Schwartz. L.-M .: Art, 1966. 230 p. (Inaccessible link) . Circulation date October 2, 2011. Archived November 26, 2013.
- ↑ Berezark I. Meetings with Khlebnikov // Star . Number 12, 1965. p. 173-176. [one]
- ↑ Journal "Theater" № 4, 1988
- ↑ Sankin L. Gumilev in Rostov-on-Don
- ↑ 1 2 3 4 Theater Encyclopedia
- ↑ 1 2 Lermontov Encyclopedia
- ↑ Women par excellence
- ↑ 1 2 3 4 5 State Catalog (inaccessible link) . Circulation date October 2, 2011. Archived January 25, 2013.
- ↑ Encyclopedia of Cinema (2010)
Links
- Gramophone record " reads Anton Schwartz "