Texture - an image that reproduces the visual properties of any surfaces or objects. Unlike a picture, the norms and requirements of composition do not apply to the texture, since the texture itself is not an artistic work, although it can sometimes dominate a work of art.
A texture whose neighborhoods of all points of which are visually similar to each other is called a uniform texture ( homogeneous texture ).
Content
Computer Graphics
In computer graphics, textures are often called bitmap digital images containing texture elements.
A texture is often mistakenly called a background. The concept of background refers to a promising place in the image, the background. Texture in this sense is an image that visually displays the set of surface properties of an object - real or fictional.
The concepts “texture” and “texture” as applied to the properties of any surface are used synonymously. Sometimes the word “texture” refers to a combination of tactile properties, and texture - a combination of visual properties. However, the word “texture” was assigned to the digital graphic image of such properties.
Options
Size
For a digital artist, it is preferable to use large textures, even if the result of his work is smaller in size than the textures themselves. This is due to the anti - aliasing effect that occurs when you try to enlarge a texture image in a graphics editor. When zoomed in with antialiasing, blurriness of the image is formed - the result of the work of software algorithms for calculating and averaging colors - which can significantly reduce the texture quality in the created image. In contrast, when reducing a large image, such effects are invisible. Therefore, large-size textures ( English high resolution ) are more valuable as an artist’s tool. The size of textures, just like the dimensions of ordinary bitmap images, is measured in pixels .
Type
There is no generally accepted classification of textures by type, but it is still possible to distinguish some types:
- By effects during tiling : regular (or suture) and seamless textures ( English Seamless patterns ). Seamless textures during articulation do not form a visible seam, that is, a violation of the texture pattern, so they can be painlessly tile the canvas of an arbitrarily large size. Seamless textures are often called patterns, which is tracing paper with English. pattern - pattern. For example, in the latest raster graphics editor Adobe Photoshop in many recent versions there are predefined seamless textures for tiling the canvas.
- By the type of texture depicted (the list is incomplete):
- textures of natural objects (tree bark, leaves, sky, etc.);
- surface textures made of various materials (wood, metal, clay, stone, paper surfaces, etc.);
- textures of noise , wind, scratches, jaggedness, other damage;
- abstract textures on which objects are not depicted, but there is a more or less uniform background
and so on.
Ways to get
Methods for obtaining textures include:
- photographing the object containing the texture on a digital camera, with optional post-processing in a graphical editor;
- scanning an object containing a texture. The disadvantage of this method is that, given the prevalence of flatbed type scanners , volumetric elements (for example, a dimensional wooden shield) are difficult or impossible to scan;
- rendering texture from scratch in a graphical editor. Thus, as a rule, abstract textures are created, which have no analogue in the surrounding world.
3D modeling
See also
- Texture
- Computer graphics
- Local binary patterns
Notes
Literature
- Owen Demers. Digital Texturing and Painting . - New Riders, 2001. - Vol. 360. - ISBN 978-0735709188 .
- Sarah Gardner. Art Beyond the Lens: Working with Digital Textures . - Focal Press, 2012 .-- Vol. 192. - ISBN 978-0240824093 .